Lightning Protection System Calculation - Section-1: Owner Contractor

LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEM CALCULATION - SECTION-1
CONTRACT : PLANT & DESIGN-BUILD CONTRACT FOR CIVIL AND M&E WORKS OF ALUTHGAMA,
MATHUGAMA, AGALAWATTA INTEGRATED WATER SUPPLY PROJECT
PROJECT : ALUTHGAMA, MATHUGAMA, AGALAWATTA INTEGRATED WATER SUPPLY PROJECT
OWNER : NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY & DRAINAGE BOARD
CONTRACTOR : ION EXCHANGE (INDIA) LTD.
REVISED AS PER MEETING WITH NWSDB

1 18.05.19
DATED 16.05.19
- - BASAB - -
0 31.10.18 FIRST SUBMISSION - - BASAB - -
INSTRUMENT ELECTRICAL MECHANICAL CIVIL
REV. Date Description Drawn
APPROVED BY
Owner : NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY & DRAINAGE BOARD Contractor : ION EXCHANGE (INDIA) LTD.
Owner's Consultant -
DOCUMENT NO. FOR IEIL
SLK-01-EE-107
INDION (R)
IS THE REGISTERED CONTRACT 76095160001
TRADE MARK OF ION EXCHAGE SIGN DATE
( INDIA ) LTD. FOR WATER TREAMENT DRAWN - -
EQUIPMENT,CHEMICAL,ION EXCHANGE DESIGNED BASAB 18.05.19
RESINS AND MEMBRANES CHECKED AM 18.05.19 TITLE
DEPT.HEAD AD 18.05.19
INTERNATIONAL DIVISION FAX NOS PROJ.MGR

LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEM
CALCULATION - SECTION-1
PROJ. ENGR
INDIA : 91-22-2769 9122 PROCUREMENT □
INDONESIA : 62-21-478 69367 RELEASED TENDER □ SHEET: 1 0F 12
THIALAND : 66-2-381 7464 FOR ENGINEERING ■ DOCUMENT NO REV
KENYA : 254-2-337 730 CONSTRUCTION □ SLK-01-EE-107 1
1/12
DOCUMENT NO:
SLK-01-EE-107
REV 1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 PURPOSE
2 PROJECT INTRODUCTION
3 CODES AND STANDARDS
4 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
5 LIGHTNING PROTECTION DESIGN
6 RISK MANAGEMENT – BASIC PROCEDURE
6.1 TOLERABLE RISK (RT)

6.2 SPECIFIC PROCEDURE TO EVALUATE THE NEED OF PROTECTION
6.3 ASSESSMENT OF RISK COMPONENT FOR STRUCTURE

6.4 CALCULATION OF EXPECTED ANNUAL NUMBER OF DANGEROUS EVENTS
(ND)
6.5 TO CALCULATE NG
6.6 TO CALCULATE AD (COLLECTION AREA)
6.7 TO CALCULATE LOCATION FACTOR (CD)
6.8 TO CALCULATE ND (ANNUAL NUMBER OF DANGEROUS EVENT)
6.9 ASSESMENT OF RISK COMPONENT DUE TO FLASHES
7 CONCLUSION
8 APPENDIX-1
LIGHTNING PROTECTION BASIS OF NEW INTAKE PUMP HOUSE
8.1.a.
POSITIONING THE AIR TERMINATION SYSTEM OF NEW INTAKE PUMP
HOUSE
8.1.b. "
LIGHTNING PROTECTION BASIS OF WET PIT AREA
8.2.a
8.2.b POSITIONING THE AIR TERMINATION SYSTEM OF WET PIT AREA

LIGHTNING PROTECTION BASIS OF DG ROOM
8.2.c
8.2.c POSITIONING THE AIR TERMINATION SYSTEM OF DG ROOM
2/12
DOCUMENT NO:
SLK-01-EE-107
REV 1
1.0 PURPOSE
The purpose of this document is to establish the design and calculation for Lightning Risk Assessment and
Lightning Protection to be implemented for the new intake area ( section -1).
Lightning protection system is provided to reduce physical damage due to lightning flashes to a structure
and also to minimize danger to life.
2.0 PROJECT INTRODUCTION
Ion Exchange (India) Ltd (IEIL) has a contract with the National Water Supply & Drainage Board of Sri
Lanka to construct new intake structures, upgrade existing structures and treatment plants, add more
treatment capacity, and construct new Towers and Reservoirs along with the transmission mains to
enhance the drinking water supply in the region.
3.0 CODES AND STANDARDS
BS EN/IEC 62305 All Parts & IEC 62305 All Parts - Protection against lightning
4.0 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
Reference is made to the following document:
a Kolemodara New intake layout ( Dwg no :SLK-01-ME-001 )

b Electrical equipment layout for section-1 ( Dwg no :SLK-01-EE-001 )
c Isokeraunic maps of Srilanka
d Earthing layout for Kolemodera new Intake (SLK-01-EE-006)
5.0 LIGHTNING PROTECTION DESIGN
This document explores the necessity of lightning protection system considering the isokeraunic level and
the risk factors involved from lightning strikes for the following buildings:-
a. New intake pump house
b WET PIT AREA
c DG Room
6.0 RISK MANAGEMENT – BASIC PROCEDURE
The decision to protect a structure or a service against lightning as well as the selection of protection
measures, will be performed according to IEC 62305-1, IEC-62305-2 and IEC-62305-3 as well as BS EN.-
62305 The following procedure will be applied:
a. Identification of the object to be protected and its characteristics
b. Identification of all the types of loss in the object and the relevant corresponding risk R
c. Evaluation of risk R for each type of loss
d. Evaluation of need of protection, by comparison of risk R1 and R2 for a structure with the tolerable risk
RT
e. In case the risk is higher than tolerable risk, correct protection measures shall be identified.
6.1 TOLERABLE RISK (RT)
As per BS EN 62305-2 table NK.1(table 3.1),
R1 : Tolerable risk for Loss of human life or

∎ permanent injuries is 1E-05
3/12
DOCUMENT NO:
SLK-01-EE-107
REV 1
R2 : Tolerable risk for Loss of service to the ……

∎ public is 0.0001
∎ R3 : Tolerable risk for Loss of cultural heritage is 0.0001
6.2 SPECIFIC PROCEDURE TO EVALUATE THE NEED OF PROTECTION

According to BS EN 62305-1/IEC 62305-1, risks R1 is considered in the evaluation of the need of protection
against lightning for a structure.
For each risk to be considered the following steps will be taken:
a. Identification of the components RX which make up the risk
b. Calculation of the identified risk components RX
c. Calculation of the total risk R
d. Comparison of the risk R with the tolerable value RT
If R ≤ RT, lightning protection is not necessary.

If R > RT, protection measures will be adopted in order to reduce R ≤ RT for all risks to which the object is
subjected.
6.3 ASSESSMENT OF RISK COMPONENT FOR STRUCTURE
Each risk component is expressed as follows as per equation 3.8 of BS-EN 62305-2
Rx = Nx* Px* Lx
Where,
Nx is the number of dangerous events per annum
Px is the probability of damage to a structure
Lx is the consequent loss
6.4 CALCULATION OF EXPECTED ANNUAL NUMBER OF DANGEROUS

EVENTS (ND)
ND = NG* AD * CD *10-6 (As per clause A.2.4, equation A.4 of IEC 62305-2 & as per equation 3.24 of BS-EN
62305-2)
Where,
NG = Annual Lightning Ground Flash Density
AD = Collection Area
CD = Location Factor
6.5 TO CALCULATE NG
The lightning ground flash density “NG” is the number of lightning flashes per km2 per year.
NG = 0.1 TD (as per equation 3.23 of BS-EN 62305-2)
Where, TD is the thunderstorm days per year (which can be obtained from isokeraunic maps).
Thunderstorm days per year at the site 100 (Assumed)

location is
NG = 0.1*100 = 10 flashes/km2/year
6.6 TO CALCULATE AD (COLLECTION AREA)
AD = (Lb * Wb) + [6Hb (Lb+Wb)] + (9∏Hb2) (As per equ. 3.17 of BS-EN 62305-2)
Where,
Lb = Overall length of structure (m)
Wb = Width of structure (m)
Hb = Maximum height of structure (m)
4/12
DOCUMENT NO:
SLK-01-EE-107
REV 1
Description Lb Wb Hb AD
m m m m2
KOLEMODARA
INTAKE
LAYOUT ( pump
house , WET PIT 35.4 @ 38.85 @ 1 17.35 @ 17618.78
AREA ,
Transformer
room , DG
room)
6.7 TO CALCULATE LOCATION FACTOR (CD)
From table A.1 of IEC 62305-2,

(Structure surrounded by objects of the same height or smaller )
CD= 1.0 @
6.8 TO CALCULATE ND (ANNUAL NUMBER OF DANGEROUS EVENT)

ND = NG* AD * CD *10-6 (Refer Clause 6.4)
Description NG CD AD ND
flashes/km2/ year m2
New intake
pump house 10 1 17618.78 0.17618779023
6.9 ASSESMENT OF RISK COMPONENT DUE TO FLASHES
For evaluation of risk components related to lightning flashes to the structure,

the following relationship applies:
a Component Related to Injury to Living Beings (RA)

RA= ND * PA * LA (As per clause 6.2 of IEC 62305-2 & as per equation 3.9 of BS-EN 62305-2)
PA= Probability of shock to the living beings (From Table B.1 of IEC 62305-2)
=1 (no protection measures provided)
LA= Loss due to injury to living beings (From Table C.1 of IEC 62305-2)
= rt * LT *( nz /nt )* tz / 8760
rt= Reduction factor corresponding to type of surface of soil or floor
(From Table C.3 of IEC 62305-2)
= 0.01
LT= loss due to injury by electric shock (From Table C.2 of IEC 62305-2)
= 0.01
nz = the number of persons in the zone
nt = the total number of persons in the structure

nz = nt , Hence nz / nt ratio gives conservative result
nz / nt = 1
tz = the time in hours per year for which the persons are present in the zone
= 8760 (occupancy considered at an average of 24 hours per day x 365 Days)
Description ND PA LA RA
KOLEMODARA
INTAKE LAYOUT
( pump house , 0.176187790229559 1 0.0001000 1.7618779E-05
WET PIT AREA ,
Transformer
room , DG room)
5/12
DOCUMENT NO:
SLK-01-EE-107
REV 1
b Component Related to Physical damage (RB)

RB= ND * PB * LB (As per clause 6.2 of IEC 62305-2 & as per equation 3.10 of BS-EN 62305-2)
PB= Probability of damage to the structures (From Table B.2 of IEC 62305-2)
=1 (no protection measures provided)
LB= Loss due to Physical damage (From Table C.1 of IEC 62305-2)
= rp * hz * rf * LF *( nz /nt )* tz / 8760
rp=Reduction factor depending on the provision taken to reduce the consequences of fire (From Table
C.4 of IEC 62305-2)
= 0.5
hz = factor increasing the relative amount of loss in presence of a special hazard (From Table C.6 of IEC
62305-2)
=1
rf = reduction factor as a function of risk of fire or explosion of structure (From Table C.5 of IEC 62305-
2)
= 0.10
LF = mean percentage of persons injured by failure of internal systems (From Table C.2 of IEC 62305-2)
= 0.02
nz = nt, Hence nz / nt ratio gives conservative result
nz / nt = 1
Description ND PB LB RB
KOLEMODARA
INTAKE LAYOUT
( pump house , 0.176187790229559 1 0.001000 0.00017618779
WET PIT AREA ,
Transformer
room , DG room)
c Component related to failure of internal systems (RC)

RC= ND * PC * LC (As per clause 6.2 of IEC 62305-2 & & as per equation 3.11 of BS-EN 62305-2)
PC= Probability of failure of internal systems (From Table B.4 of IEC 62305-2)
=1 (unshielded internal systems, CLD = 1 )
LC= Unacceptable loss of service to the public (From Table C.1 of IEC 62305-2)
= LO *( nz /nt )* tz / 8760
LO =is the typical mean relative numbers of users not served resulting from failure of internal
systems due to one dangerous event (From Table C.2 of IEC 62305-2)
= 0.01
nz = nt, Hence nz / nt ratio gives conservative result
nz / nt = 1
Description ND PC LC RC
KOLEMODARA
INTAKE LAYOUT
( pump house , 0.176187790229559 1 0.010000 1.76E-03
WET PIT AREA ,
Transformer
room , DG room)
6/12
DOCUMENT NO:
SLK-01-EE-107
REV 1
• Composition of Risk Components
R1 = RA + RB + RC
Description RA RB RC R1
KOLEMODARA
INTAKE LAYOUT
( pump house , 1.761877902296E-05 0.00017618779 0.001761877902 0.001955684472
WET PIT AREA ,
Transformer
room , DG room)
From above, it is seen that R1 > RT (Tolerable limits specified in clause no.6.2 above), Hence Lightning
Protecton is required.
7.0 Conclusion
As per the assessment of risk exposure of Intake pump house , WET PIT AREA , DG room , composition of
risk component is not within tolerable limit of 10-5, Hence Lightning protection is required.
Lightning protection will be provided through a system of Horizontal conductors and down conductors
spaced suitably.
The down conductors for lightning protections, where provided, will be connected to dedicated earth
electrodes.
For metallic structures/buildings including fixed roof tanks, the structural steel provides sufficient cross-
sectional area for withstanding the lighting surge current. Hence, such structures need not be provided with
any special type of lightning protection. However, such structures will be protected by providing connection
to plant earth grid with minimum 2 earthing electrodes where individual resistance of each shall not exceed
10 ohm at a point as close near the base.
8.0 APPENDIX-1
8.1.a. LIGHTNING PROTECTION BASIS OF NEW INTAKE PUMP HOUSE
Lightning protection system for all buildings will consist of lightning protection conductors along with air
termination as per calculation given below. These conductors shall be provided in line with IEC 62305
(Horizontal & Down conductors of 25 x 3 mm copper strip).The horizontal conductors will be directly
connected to dedicated earth electrodes through test link by adequate number of down conductors. Each
down conductor will be connected to earth pits. The earth electrodes will be connected to the plant earthing
system.
8.1.b. POSITIONING THE AIR TERMINATION SYSTEM OF NEW RAW WATER INTAKE PUMP HOUSE
The position of the air-termination system is considered to be adequate if the structure to be protected is
fully situated within the protected volume provided by the air-termination system.
Key:
R= Radius of protected area
h1= Height of lightning rod
H= Height of building (Including Parapet)
α= Protection angle corresponds to height ‘h’ (Refer figure 1 on
page-19 of IEC-62305-3)
h= Height of air termination
r= Rolling Sphere radius
Description H h1 h=H+h1 α R=h*tanα

m m m Degrees m
New intake pump 1 17.35 @ 2 19.352 60 aprox. 1 33.52

house
All the dimensions in the figure given below are in mtr.
7/12
DOCUMENT NO:
SLK-01-EE-107
REV 1
60
The above calculation and figure shows that the protection afforded by an LPS air-termination system
according to the rolling sphere method and protection angle method with a general arrangement of air-
termination elements.
In the case of two parallel horizontal LPS air-termination conductors placed above the horizontal reference
plane as shown in above figure, the penetration distance p of the rolling sphere below the level of the
conductors in the space between the conductors may be calculated as:
p = r – [r2 – (d / 2)2]1/2 (as per Eq E.2 of IEC-62305-3 & as per Eq E.4 of BS EN-62305-3 )
Where,
r=Radius of Rolling Sphere(Refer table 2 of IEC 62305-3) = 60
d=distance separating two parallel air-terminal rods = 20
The penetration distance p should be less than h1 (as per IEC 62305-3)
p = 60-[602 – (20/2)2]1/2 = 0.839 m
From above equation it is seen that p is less than h1 for the maximum allowable distance (i.e. 20 m)
separating two parallel air terminal rods with 2 m height of air terminal rod.
As per Table-4 of IEC 62305-3, typical value of the distance between down conductors is selected as per
above calculation using Rolling sphere method and protective angle method for LPS class IV. Based on the
requirement, the number of down conductors is calculated.
From the above calculation maximum allowable distance separating two parallel air terminal rods is 20 m
and the same is considered for the selection of number of down conductors.
Key:
P1= Perimeter of building’s = 2(L+W)
VD= No. of vertical down conductors
8/12
DOCUMENT NO:
SLK-01-EE-107
REV 1
Description Unit New Intake

pump house
L m 17.1
W m 10.75
H m 17.352
P1 m 55.7
VD nos 2.8
Selected VD nos 3 @1
8.2.a LIGHTNING PROTECTION BASIS OF WET PIT AREA
Lightning protection system for all buildings will consist of lightning protection conductors along with air
termination as per calculation given below. These conductors shall be provided in line with IEC 62305
down conductor will be connected to earth pits. The earth electrodes will be connected to the plant earthing
system.
8.2.b POSITIONING THE AIR TERMINATION SYSTEM OF WET PIT AREA
Key:
page-19 of IEC-62305-3)

m m m Degrees m
WET PIT AREA 1 13.159 @ 2 15.159 60 aprox. 1 26.26
9/12
DOCUMENT NO:
SLK-01-EE-107
REV 1
60
p = r – [r2 – (d / 2)2]1/2 (as per Eq E.2 of IEC-62305-3 )
Where,
p = 60-[602 – (20/2)2]1/2 = 0.839 m
10/12
DOCUMENT NO:
SLK-01-EE-107
REV 1
Key:
Description Unit WET PIT

L m 15.443
W m 8
H m 13.159 @
P1 m 46.886
VD nos 2.3
8.3.a LIGHTNING PROTECTION BASIS OF DG ROOM

8.2.b POSITIONING THE AIR TERMINATION SYSTEM OF DG ROOM
Key:
page-19 of IEC-62305-3)

m m m Degrees m
DG Room 1 15.40 @ 2 17.4 60 aprox.
1 30.14

60
11/12
DOCUMENT NO:
SLK-01-EE-107
REV 1
p = r – [r2 – (d / 2)2]1/2 (as per Eq E.2 of IEC-62305-3 )
Where,
p = 60-[602 – (20/2)2]1/2 = 0.839 m
Key:
Description Unit DG ROOM

L m 14
W m 7
H m 15.40 @
P1 m 42
VD nos 2
12/12

Lightning Protection System Calculation - Section-1: Owner Contractor

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Lightning Protection System Calculation - Section-1: Owner Contractor

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEM CALCULATION - SECTION-1

REVISED AS PER MEETING WITH NWSDB

INTERNATIONAL DIVISION FAX NOS PROJ.MGR

KENYA : 254-2-337 730 CONSTRUCTION □ SLK-01-EE-107 1

3 CODES AND STANDARDS

5 LIGHTNING PROTECTION DESIGN

6 RISK MANAGEMENT – BASIC PROCEDURE

6.1 TOLERABLE RISK (RT)

6.3 ASSESSMENT OF RISK COMPONENT FOR STRUCTURE

6.6 TO CALCULATE AD (COLLECTION AREA)

6.7 TO CALCULATE LOCATION FACTOR (CD)

6.8 TO CALCULATE ND (ANNUAL NUMBER OF DANGEROUS EVENT)

6.9 ASSESMENT OF RISK COMPONENT DUE TO FLASHES

8.2.b POSITIONING THE AIR TERMINATION SYSTEM OF WET PIT AREA

8.2.c POSITIONING THE AIR TERMINATION SYSTEM OF DG ROOM

2.0 PROJECT INTRODUCTION

3.0 CODES AND STANDARDS

4.0 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS

Reference is made to the following document:

a Kolemodara New intake layout ( Dwg no :SLK-01-ME-001 )

5.0 LIGHTNING PROTECTION DESIGN

6.0 RISK MANAGEMENT – BASIC PROCEDURE

6.1 TOLERABLE RISK (RT)

As per BS EN 62305-2 table NK.1(table 3.1),

R1 : Tolerable risk for Loss of human life or

R2 : Tolerable risk for Loss of service to the ……

∎ R3 : Tolerable risk for Loss of cultural heritage is 0.0001

6.2 SPECIFIC PROCEDURE TO EVALUATE THE NEED OF PROTECTION

If R ≤ RT, lightning protection is not necessary.

6.3 ASSESSMENT OF RISK COMPONENT FOR STRUCTURE

6.4 CALCULATION OF EXPECTED ANNUAL NUMBER OF DANGEROUS

NG = 0.1 TD (as per equation 3.23 of BS-EN 62305-2)

Thunderstorm days per year at the site 100 (Assumed)

6.6 TO CALCULATE AD (COLLECTION AREA)

6.7 TO CALCULATE LOCATION FACTOR (CD)

From table A.1 of IEC 62305-2,

6.8 TO CALCULATE ND (ANNUAL NUMBER OF DANGEROUS EVENT)

6.9 ASSESMENT OF RISK COMPONENT DUE TO FLASHES

For evaluation of risk components related to lightning flashes to the structure,

a Component Related to Injury to Living Beings (RA)

nz = the number of persons in the zone

nt = the total number of persons in the structure

b Component Related to Physical damage (RB)

c Component related to failure of internal systems (RC)

• Composition of Risk Components

8.1.a. LIGHTNING PROTECTION BASIS OF NEW INTAKE PUMP HOUSE

Description H h1 h=H+h1 α R=h*tanα

New intake pump 1 17.35 @ 2 19.352 60 aprox. 1 33.52

All the dimensions in the figure given below are in mtr.

Description Unit New Intake

8.2.a LIGHTNING PROTECTION BASIS OF WET PIT AREA

8.2.b POSITIONING THE AIR TERMINATION SYSTEM OF WET PIT AREA

Description H h1 h=H+h1 α R=h*tanα

p = r – [r2 – (d / 2)2]1/2 (as per Eq E.2 of IEC-62305-3 )

Description Unit WET PIT

8.3.a LIGHTNING PROTECTION BASIS OF DG ROOM

Description H h1 h=H+h1 α R=h*tanα

All the dimensions in the figure given below are in mtr.

Description Unit DG ROOM

You might also like