X Fieicnswo 1 Ge 3

Head to savemyexams.co.
uk for more awesome resources
4.2 Crude Oil

Question Paper
Course Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry

Section 4. Organic Chemistry
Topic 4.2 Crude Oil
Difficulty Medium
Time allowed: 90
Score: /75
Percentage: /100
Page 1 of 18
© 2015-2023 Save My Exams, Ltd. · Revision Notes, Topic Questions, Past Papers
Head to savemyexams.co.uk for more awesome resources
Question 1a
Crude oil is a mixture of organic compounds.
Most of these compounds are members of the same homologous series.
State the name of this homologous series.
[1 mark]
Question 1b
An industrial process is used to separate crude oil into fractions.
i)
The process depends on a difference in a property of the fractions.
What is this property?
☐ A Boiling point
☐ B Density
☐ C Melting point
☐ D Solubility
(1)
ii)
The boxes give some uses of fractions and some names of fractions.
Draw one straight line from each use to its correct fraction.
(3)
[4 marks]
Page 2 of 18
Question 1c
Fuels obtained from the fractions may contain impurities.
Explain how the combustion of a common impurity in fuels may cause an environmental problem.
[3 marks]
Page 3 of 18
Question 1d
Some of the fractions contain long-chain molecules which are not very useful.
i)
Give the name of the process used to convert long-chain molecules into more useful shorter-chain molecules.
(1)
ii)
Give the catalyst and temperature used in the industrial process to convert long-chain molecules into shorter-chain
molecules.
(2)
catalyst..............................................................................................................................
temperature.......................................................................................................................
iii)
When C13H28 is used in this process, three different molecules are formed.
Complete the equation for this reaction.
C13H28 → C8H18 + ............................... + ...............................
(2)
[5 marks]
Question 2a
Propane is a hydrocarbon with the formula C3H8
State why propane is a hydrocarbon.
[2 marks]
Page 4 of 18
Question 2b
i)
Name the poisonous gas that forms when propane is burned in a limited supply of air.
(1)
ii)
State why this gas is poisonous to humans.
(1)
[2 marks]
Question 2c
The diagram represents a molecule of propane.
Describe the forces of attraction between the atoms in a molecule of propane.

[2 marks]
Page 5 of 18
Question 2d
Propane can be produced by cracking.
An equation for cracking is

C13H28 → C3H8 + 2C3H6 + 2C2H4
Explain why cracking is an important process in the oil industry.

[3 marks]
Question 2e
Propane reacts with bromine in the presence of ultraviolet radiation.
i)
Complete the equation for this reaction.
(2)
C3H8 + Br2 → ............................... + ...............................
ii)
Give the name of this type of reaction.
(1)
[3 marks]
Page 6 of 18
Question 3
The diagram shows some processes involved in the oil industry.
Which process represents cracking?

☐ A
☐ B
☐ C
☐ D
[1 mark]
Question 4a
This question is about hydrocarbons.
State the meaning of the term hydrocarbon.
[2 marks]
Page 7 of 18
Question 4b
One homologous series of hydrocarbons is the alkanes.
Pentane (C5H12) is an alkane.
i)
When pentane burns completely in oxygen, carbon dioxide and water are produced.
Give a chemical equation for this combustion reaction.

(2)
ii)
Incomplete combustion can occur when the oxygen supply is limited.
Give the names of two products of the incomplete combustion of pentane.

(2)
iii)
One of the products of incomplete combustion is a poisonous gas.
State why this gas is poisonous to humans.

(1)
iv)
C5H12 has three isomers.
The displayed formula for one of these isomers is
Draw the displayed formulae of the other two isomers.

(2)
[7 marks]
Page 8 of 18
Question 4c
Another homologous series of hydrocarbons is the alkenes.
Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons.
i)
Give the general formula for the alkenes.
(1)
ii)
State the meaning of the term unsaturated.
(1)
iii)
Describe a test to show that a hydrocarbon is unsaturated.
(2)
[4 marks]
Page 9 of 18
Question 5a
The diagram shows the industrial equipment used to separate crude oil into fractions.
i)
Give the name of the industrial equipment.
(1)
ii)
Give one use of the fuel oil fraction.
(1)
iii)
Give the names of fraction A and fraction F.
(2)
Fraction A
Fraction F
[4 marks]
Page 10 of 18
Question 5b
One compound in the gasoline fraction is the alkane octane (C8H18) and one compound in the kerosene fraction is the alkane
dodecane (C12H26)
These two alkanes are covalently bonded and have simple molecular structures.
i)
Give the general formula for the alkanes.
(1)
ii)
Explain, in terms of their structures, why C12H26 has a higher boiling point than C8H18
(3)
[4 marks]
Question 5c
Catalytic cracking can be used to convert the alkane C12H26 into more useful products.
i)
Give the name of the catalyst used for catalytic cracking.
(1)
ii)
Complete the equation for this cracking reaction.
(1)
C12H26 → C9H20 + ..................................................
[2 marks]
Page 11 of 18
Question 6a
Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons.
Name the process used to separate crude oil into fractions.
[1 mark]
Question 6b
Give one use of the kerosene fraction.
[1 mark]
Question 6c
c)
One of the hydrocarbons in the refinery gas fraction is an alkane with the structural formula CH3CH2CH2CH3.
i)
Give the name of this alkane.
(1)
ii)
Calculate the relative molecular mass (Mr) of this alkane.
(1)
[2 marks]
Page 12 of 18
Question 6d
One of the alkanes in the gasoline fraction has the displayed formula
i)
Determine the molecular formula of this alkane.
(1)
ii)
Give the general formula for the alkanes.
(1)
[2 marks]
Question 6e
Catalytic cracking is used to convert long‐chain alkanes into shorter‐chain alkanes.
i)
Name the catalyst used in catalytic cracking.
(1)
ii)
Explain why it is necessary to convert long‐chain alkanes into shorter‐chain alkanes.
(1)
[2 marks]
Page 13 of 18
Question 6f
Catalytic cracking also produces alkenes.
C11H24 can undergo cracking to give pentane (C5H12) and two different alkenes.
Complete the equation for this cracking reaction.

C11H24 → C5H12 + ............................+............................
[2 marks]
Page 14 of 18
Question 7a
Crude oil is an important source of organic compounds.
The diagram shows crude oil being separated into different fractions.
i)
Name the process used to separate crude oil into different fractions.
(1)
ii)
State what happens to the crude oil at X.
(1)
iii)
Describe the differences between fraction B and fraction E.
In your answer, refer to
size of the molecules

boiling point
colour
viscosity
(4)
[6 marks]
Page 15 of 18
Question 7b
Crude oil often contains sulfur as an impurity.
Explain why this is a problem when using crude oil fractions as fuels.
[2 marks]
Page 16 of 18
Question 8a
The diagram shows a fractionating column used to separate crude oil into fractions.
i)
Give a use for bitumen and a use for gasoline.
(2)
Use for bitumen: ....................................................................
Use for gasoline: ...................................................................
ii)
Explain why bitumen is collected at the bottom of the fractionating column and gasoline is collected near the top of the
fractionating column.
(2)
[4 marks]
Page 17 of 18
Question 8b
There is a low demand for some of the fractions obtained from crude oil.
Cracking can be used to convert these fractions into more useful substances.
i)
State the conditions needed for cracking.
(2)
ii)
Dodecane (C12H26) can be cracked to produce an alkane and two alkenes.
Complete the equation by giving the formulae of the two alkenes.
(2)
C12H26 → C7H16 + ................................ + ....................................

[4 marks]
Page 18 of 18

X Fieicnswo 1 Ge 3

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

X Fieicnswo 1 Ge 3

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Head to savemyexams.co.

uk for more awesome resources

4.2 Crude Oil

Course Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry

Describe the forces of attraction between the atoms in a molecule of propane.

An equation for cracking is

Explain why cracking is an important process in the oil industry.

Which process represents cracking?

Pentane (C5H12) is an alkane.

Give a chemical equation for this combustion reaction.

Give the names of two products of the incomplete combustion of pentane.

State why this gas is poisonous to humans.

The displayed formula for one of these isomers is

Draw the displayed formulae of the other two isomers.

Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons.

Complete the equation for this cracking reaction.

In your answer, refer to

size of the molecules

Use for bitumen: ....................................................................

Use for gasoline: ...................................................................

Complete the equation by giving the formulae of the two alkenes.

C12H26 → C7H16 + ................................ + ....................................

You might also like