Running Head: Task 4

Task 4

[Name of the writer]

[Name of the institute]

Introduction

It is noted that in the current study the researcher has used the secondary research. It is

found that secondary research is helpful for the researcher to get insightful information about the

topic of the study. By the help of previously published data and information researcher are able

to get information about the physical impact of smoking on the health of both men and women.

Therefore, it is easier to get information from secondary sources as it is cheaper and less time

consuming as compare to primary research. However, the secondary research also supported the

research question in an effective manner.

Literature review

Smoking can have a stronger effect on both men and women. It is compared to non-

smokers, men and women who smoke have a significantly higher risk of developing colon

cancer after smoking for at least 10 years. On the other hand, men need at least 30 years to reach

a statistically significant risk. It is noted that there is a gender difference in the effects of

smoking on the physical health of both men and women. A recent study of approximately

500,000 non-smoking participants found that smokers had a 50% increased risk of bladder

cancer, regardless of gender. Women have an additional risk of cancer based on gender.

Methodology

The significance of research methods is more important in methodology and they can

help researchers effectively. It should be noted that researchers are willing to pay attention to the

use of related research philosophies. Thus, the interpretivism philosophy applies to current

research. Interpretivism research philosophy is in fact best suited for secondary studies and can

be useful in obtaining additional data from various sources. Research design is considered an
important part of the methodology part because it provides researchers with a plan to develop

appropriate designs to meet the objectives of the study. In the current study, researchers use

inductive design because it greatly helps researcher to develop new theories with previously

published articles and reviews. The use of research methods is essential for research and is

primarily used by researcher to collect and analyze relevant data effectively. It should be noted

that the research methods are threefold: qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods. Current

research uses qualitative research methods in their study. Data collection methods are essential

for all research, as the collection of reliable data on research topics is very important for

researchers. Therefore, the selection of suitable data collection methods is also very important

for current researchers. It is important to understand that researchers use keyword strategy to

collect data from data and information sources. It is very important that researchers use data

analysis in their research to analyse the collected data and interpret the results effectively. In this

study, researchers used content analysis to analyse data collected from secondary sources. In

order for research to be relevant and valid, ethical issues must be considered. Therefore, the

researcher respects the researcher in the current research and cites peer-reviewed articles when

appropriate to make the research credible for future research.

Discussion

It is analysed that smoking increases the risk of heart disease in both men and women.

Some studies have found a gap between smoking and cardiovascular disease: Women who

smoke are 25% more likely to get coronary heart disease than men who smoke. The factors that

influence gender differences in cardiovascular disease in smokers are unclear, but sex hormones

may play a role. In 346 women with PCOS, smoking was associated with increased fasting
insulin, free testosterone, and a free androgen index. These higher levels increase insulin

resistance and may increase the risk of heart disease.

On the other hand, the indirect effects of smoking on sex hormones and the associated

risk of chronic diseases, including cancer and cardiovascular disease, the effects of smoking on

sex hormones are receiving increasing attention. The effects of smoking on sex hormones depend

on menopause. According to the recent studies on the physical impact of smoking shown that

current smoking is associated with many other harmful health problems. It has recently been

shown that the effects of smoking on asthma can be reduced by weight. In particular, women

who smoke are more likely to get asthma, regardless of their weight, and men are more likely to

get asthma in regular and underweight smokers.

Smokers may also have more severe urinary incontinence compared to non-smokers.

Smokers have heavy and frequent urination, but nocturnal fluid or stress urinary incontinence is

about three times more common than non-smokers. The mechanism of action of this study is still

unknown, but we investigated two possible causes of increased respiratory symptoms and

exposure to tobacco in smokers in a small cross-sectional sample. It is found that in general,

women who smoke have more symptoms of urinary incontinence than men who smoke. In

addition, symptoms of urinary incontinence have been reported regardless of gender, with

significantly higher urinary cotinine levels, prolonged smoking and more severe shy cough.

More research is needed to actively investigate the link between smoking and urinary

incontinence and whether quitting smoking can improve the symptoms of urinary incontinence.

It is noted that exercise solves the problem of weight gain after quitting by increasing energy

expenditure.
Conclusion

It is concluded from the current study that secondary researcher is effective in order to

get information about the current topic. The conclusion of the current study is that the impact of

smoking is dangerous. It is noted that smoking is injurious to health for both men and women.

However, there are limitations in the current study that it is important for future study to get

information from primary sources. In the current study, researcher failed to get information from

primary sources due to COVID-19. It is noted that there is no biasness in the current study and

researcher answer the research question in an effective manner.

References

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4871621/

https://www.who.int/tobacco/publications/gender/

en_tfi_gender_women_impact_tobacco_use_women_health.pdf

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4476364/

https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/47258565.pdf

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3123283/
References