Name: ______________________________ Year & Section: ______________

TOPIC: Gas Stoichiometry

LEARNING COMPETENCY: Apply the principles of stoichiometry to determine the amounts (volume,
number of moles, or mass) of gaseous reactants and products STEM_GC11GSIi-j48

Activity No. 14
Gas Stoichiometry

I. OBJECTIVES

1. Perform stoichiometric calculations involving gases; and

2. Apply the concept of molar volume at standard temperature and pressure in calculations.

II. LESSON OVERVIEW

Gases are everywhere. We interact with gases in our day to day life. The air we breathe, the fire that
cooks our food, the formation of our ozone layer, and even the engines that powers our cars deal with
gaseous reactions.
In this lesson, you will learn the quantitative relationships of the reactants and products in a gaseous
reaction. We will also be tackling how gases interact to form products and its impact on its pressure and
volume. You will also learn how to determine the amount of gaseous reactants or products using the
principles of stoichiometry.

III. A. MATERIALS
Pen and paper, calculator and Periodic Table of Elements

B. REFERENCES
Myers, Thomas, et.al. (2004) Chemistry, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Permissions Department, Holt,
Rinehart and Winston, 10801 N. MoPac Expressway, Building 3, Austin, Texas 78759.

Glencoe Science. Students Worksheet, Chemistry Matter and Change, McGraw-Hill companies Inc.

IV. PROCEDURE
1. Study the given flowchart that outline the steps to solve stoichiometric problems.

V. ANALYSIS
Q1. Suppose you are asked to find the mass of substance B, starting from mass of substance A, what
route are you going to take?
Before I start, I will identify the balanced equation of the reaction. Then, I will start by dividing substance
a’s mass by its molar mass. This step gives us the mole of substance A. Then, I will proceed by multiplying
the mole of substance A to its molar ratio to substance B in order to get the moles of substance B. Finally, I
will multiply the moles of substance B to its molar mass to get the mass.

Q2. If you have the volume of substance A and you wanted to look for the volume of substance B,
what is your route?

Get the balanced equation first. Then, will need to have the moles of substance A which I can calculate by
either dividing to 22.4L if it’s STP or use the ideal gas law. Substance B’s moles can beget by multiplying
moles of substance A to its molar ratio with B that is in the balanced equation. The moles of substance B is
then will be multiplied by 22. 4L to get the volume.
Q3. Given is the number of moles of B and you are asked to find the volume of A, what route will
you take?

Before anything, we need the balanced equation. Then, using the balanced equation, we can get the molar
ratio that we will multiply by moles of substance B. This will give us the moles of substance A. Lastly, we
will multiply moles of substance A by 22.4 L to get its volume.

Q4. You wanted to look for the moles of B given the moles of A what will you do?

We need to get the balanced equation so we can multiply the ratio of substance A and B to the moles
of substance A. After this, we can get the moles of substance B.

Q5. How will you find the particles of B, given the particles of A?

Like anything else, we need the balanced equation first. Then, we will divide the particles of substance A to
6.022×10^23 to get the moles of substance A. After that, we will multiply the moles of substance A to its
molar mass with substance B that is in the balanced equation. Finally we will multiply the answer, moles of
substance B, to 6.022×10^23 to get its particles.

VI. GENERALIZATION

Describe the way on how to identify the volume of the unknown from a known mass of the
substance.

VII. APPLICATION

“Air bags” are not really full of air. When inflated, they contain nitrogen gas generated from a reaction with
sodium azide. The products are nitrogen gas (which fills the bag) and sodium metal (when then needs to be
neutralized by reaction with potassium nitrate). Why wasn’t compressed air ever used in an airbag system?
What ignites the gas-generating material?
VIII. ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY

Solve the following.

1. How many liters of hydrogen gas can be produced at 300.0 K and 104 kPa if 20.0 g of sodium metal
is reacted with water according to the following equation?
2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g)

2. Magnesium will burn in oxygen to form magnesium oxide as represented by the following equation.
2Mg(s) + O2(g) → 2MgO(s). What mass of magnesium will react with 500.0 mL of oxygen at
150.0°C and 70.0 kPa?
3. Suppose a certain automobile engine has a cylinder with a volume of 500.0 mL that is filled with air
(21% oxygen) at a temperature of 55°C and a pressure of 101.0 kPa. What mass of octane must be
injected to react with all of the oxygen in the cylinder?
2C8H18(l) + 25O2(g) → 16CO2(g) + 18H2O(g)
4. Methanol, CH3OH, is made by using a catalyst to react carbon monoxide with hydrogen at high
temperature and pressure. Assuming that 450.0 mL of CO and 825 mL of H 2 are allowed to react,
answer the following questions. (Hint: First write the balanced chemical equation for this reaction.)
a. Which reactant is in excess?
b. How much of that reactant remains when the reaction is complete?
c. What volume of CH3OH(g) is produced?
5. What volume of oxygen, measured at 27°C and 101.325 kPa, is needed for the combustion of 1.11
kg of coal? (Assume coal is 100% carbon.) C(s) + O2(g) → CO2(g)

6. Suppose you are baker and you uses baking soda as the leavening agent for your pumpkin-bread
recipe. The baking soda decomposes according to two possible reactions.
2NaHCO3 (s) Na2CO3(s) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
NaHCO3(s) + H+(aq) H2O(l) + CO2(g) + Na(aq) =0.006g=0.2
1g÷1molNaHCO³/84.01gNaHCO³÷1molCO²/1molNaHCO³=0.012mol=0.48285482417
Calculate the volume of CO2 that forms per gram of NaHCO3 by each reaction process. Assume the
reactions take place at 210ºC and 0.985 atm.
Create a plan on how will you solve the problem. Present your solution to your audience in a
creative format using technology. Your work will be graded using the following rubric.