VISHVESVARAYYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Jnana Sangama, Belagavi-590018

A DBMS MINI PROJECT

On

COVID TEST MANAGEMENT DATABASE MANAGEMENT

SYSTEM

A Mini project report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the 5th semester of
Bachelor of Engineering in Information science and Engineering
Of Visvesvaraya Technology University, Belagavi

Submitted by
K Kanika
1ST21IS029

Under the Guidance of

Dr./Prof Latha P H
HOD
Department of ISE
Sambhram Institute of Technology

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND

ENGINEERING

SAMBHRAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

M.S Palya,Bengaluru-590097
2023-2024
 DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE

Certified that the mini project work entitled “ COVID TEST MANAGEMENT DATABASE

MANAGEMENT SYSTEM” has been successfully carried out by Ms. K Kanika bearing the USN

1ST21IS029 bonafide student of SAMBHRAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY in partial fulfilment of

the requirements for the 5th semester of BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING IN INFORMATION

SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING of VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, Belgaum

during the year 2022-2023. It is certified that all corrections/suggestions indicated for Internal Assessment

have been incorporated in the report deposited in the departmental library. The project report has been

approved as it satisfies the laboratory requirements of 5th semester BE, ISE.

Dr. /.Prof Latha P.H Dr. H. G. Chandrakanth

HOD Principal
Dept.of ISE SaIT, Bengaluru
SaIT, Bengaluru

External Viva:

Name of the Examiners

1:

2:
Signature & date
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Any achievement, be it scholastic or otherwise does not depend solely on the individual efforts but on
the guidance, encouragement and cooperation of intellectuals, elders and friends. A number of
personalities, in their own capacities have helped me in carrying out this project work. We would like to
take this opportunity to thank them all.

I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to Dr. H. G. Chandrakanth, Principal, Sambhram

Institute of Technology, for his moral support towards completion of my project.

I would like to express my profound gratitude to, Dr. Latha P H, HOD, Department of ISE,
Sambhram Institute of Technology, for his valuable suggestions and expert advice. I deeply expressed
my sincere gratitude to my guide, SaIT, Bangalore, for their guidance ,regular source of encouragement
and assistance throughout this project.

I would like to thank all the teaching and non-teaching staff of department of information science and
engineering SaIT, Bengaluru for their constant support encouragement .

K Kanika
1ST21IS029
 ABSTRACT

The COVID-19 Test Management Database Management System (DBMS) mini-project aims to streamline
and enhance the efficiency of tracking and managing COVID-19 test information. This project focuses on
developing a robust database system that can store, organize, and retrieve data related to COVID-19 tests. The
system will facilitate the recording of patient details, test results, testing center information, and other relevant
data. It aims to provide a user-friendly interface for healthcare professionals to input and access information,
ensuring accurate and timely reporting.

The database will also incorporate features such as data validation, security measures, and reporting
functionalities to support efficient decision-making and analysis of testing data. This mini-project serves as a
valuable tool in the ongoing efforts to manage and monitor COVID-19 testing activities effectively.

Furthermore, it will feature data analytics tools, enabling health authorities to derive insights from aggregated
testing data, monitor trends, and make informed decisions to enhance public health strategies. The mini-
project aims to contribute to the overall pandemic response by providing an organized and centralized
platform for monitoring testing activities, resource allocation, and identifying potential hotspots. The database
system will be designed with scalability in mind, accommodating the evolving demands of testing campaigns
and future public health challenges.

This mini-project represents a crucial step in leveraging technology to optimize the coordination and
management of COVID-19 testing, supporting healthcare professionals in their vital efforts to control the
spread of the virus.
 CONTENT

Chapter Pg.No

1.Introduction……………………………………………………………………
1.1 Overview……………………………………………………………………
1.2 Problem Statement…………………………………………………………
1.3 Objectives……………………………………………………………………
2. Literature Survey…………………………………………………………………
2.1 Tools and Technology………………………………………………………
3. Requirement Specification………………………………………………………
3.1 Functional Requirements……………………………………………………
3.2 Non-Functional Requirements…………………………………………….
3.3 Software Requirements……………………………………………………
3.4 Hardware Requirements……………………………………………………
4.System Design……………………………………………………………………
4.1 ER Diagram…………………………………………………………………
4.2 Relational Schema……………………………………………………….
5. Implementation…………………………………………………………………
5.1 Frontend………………………………………………………………………
5.2 Backend…………………………………………………………………………
6. Snapshots…………………………………………………………………………
7. Conclusion & Future Work……………………………………………………….
8. References…………………………………………………………………………
 1.INTRODUCTION

The function of this website can be described as follows- If a person undergoes any Covid-19
symptoms, he/she can undergo the Covid-19 test. There are particularly three Covid tests
which are Antigen, RT-PCR, CB-NAAT present in this website. A person can choose any of
the above-mentioned tests for testing the Coronavirus disease.
The test which is chosen by the person is monitored by the website Admin. The admin can
add/delete the Phlebotomist and assign him/her to take care of the tests which is undergone by
the user. So, the user will be able to track his/her test reports by entering mobile number,
order-id or user name. Admin and Phlebotomist will update the user every time when the test
report is progressed. Finally, when admin and phlebotomist update the report is ready, the user
will be able to download his/her Coronavirus disease report.
Thus, this website helps a person to undergo Covid tests which will be helpful to stop the
spread of this pandemic world-wide. The website uses MYSQL database to store all user
details and credentials. This database consists of carefully evaluated, normalized tables
interrelated to classify and delegate the information to be stored. The website is developd
using front-end tools- HTML (Hypertext Markup Language), CSS (Cascading Style Sheets),
JavaScript and Bootstrap framework. PHP (Hypertext pre-processor) is abackend language
used to connect the front-endand MYSQL database.
The home page of the website contains a short description about Covid-19, symptoms and
prevention to be taken. This is followed by a Testing section where the user can easily submit
his personal details for undergoing the Covid test.
 1.1 OVERVIEW

The COVID-19 Test Management Database Management System (DBMS) project is a

web application designed for efficient and user-friendly management of COVID-19
testing.

Users can register, log in, and choose from three available tests for online purchase and
payment through cards.

The platform includes a specialized Phlebotomist portal for healthcare professionals and
an Admin module for administrators to manage users, products, and orders. Clear
guidelines on COVID-19 protocols are provided, and a cookie policy enhances the user
experience. The project's simple design ensures ease of use for both individuals and
administrators.

1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

In the context of COVID-19 test management, the challenge is to create a streamlined and
user-friendly system that facilitates efficient testing processes.
Users, whether individuals seeking tests or healthcare professionals conducting them, should
be able to navigate the platform seamlessly. The key problem lies in designing a system that
not only allows for easy registration, test scheduling, and result notifications but also
accommodates the dynamic nature of testing data. Additionally, the system needs to integrate
security measures to protect sensitive health information and adhere to privacy regulations.
The overarching goal is to develop a comprehensive COVID-19 test management solution
that caters to the diverse needs of users, ensuring accessibility, accuracy, and timely reporting.

1.3 OBJECTIVE

The primary objective of the COVID-19 Test Management Database Management System
(DBMS) project is to develop a robust and user-centric platform that efficiently manages all
aspects of COVID-19 testing. This includes seamless user registration, scheduling, and result
notification processes for individuals, as well as a dedicated portal for healthcare
professionals. The system aims to provide accurate and timely reporting while ensuring the
security and privacy of sensitive health information. Additionally, the project aims to create a
scalable solution that adapts to the evolving demands of testing campaigns, contributing to
effective pandemic response efforts.

Furthermore, the COVID-19 DBMS project seeks to enhance user accessibility by

implementing a straightforward and intuitive interface, minimizing complexities during
registration and test scheduling. The system will incorporate advanced data management
techniques to efficiently handle the dynamic nature of testing data, ensuring accuracy and
reliability. In addition to providing a secure environment for user data, the DBMS will
prioritize compliance with privacy regulations and ethical standards to safeguard confidential
health information.

The project also aims to empower healthcare professionals through a specialized Phlebotomist
portal, streamlining the sample testing process. Comprehensive reporting features will be
integrated into the system, enabling administrators to monitor testing trends, manage user data,
and generate insightful analytics for informed decision-making. Scalability will be a key focus,
allowing the system to accommodate increasing testing demands and future public health
challenges seamlessly.

Moreover, the DBMS project aims to foster collaboration between testing centers, enabling
efficient resource allocation and coordination. User education will be promoted through the
incorporation of guidelines on COVID-19 protocols, ensuring that individuals are well-informed
about safety measures. The project's ultimate goal is to contribute significantly to the overall
pandemic response by creating a technologically advanced, user-friendly, and scalable solution
for managing COVID-19 testing processes.
 2. LITERATURE SURVEY

2.1 TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGIES

The project “COVID test management database management system” is built using three
different platforms such as Front-end, Back-end associated with Database Technology &
Server Setup Application .For a basic web page we have chosen HTML i.e. the hypertext
markup language
we have made use of CSS i.e. cascading style sheets for logic and alignment and to
enhance the look we have used a bit of JavaScript
Front-end Technologies:
HTML CSS JavaScript

 HTML
HTML is used to used to create static pages with text, tables, lists, images, links, and so
on. HTML elements are the building blocks of HTML pages. With HTML constructs,
images and other objects such as interactive forms may be embedded into the rendered
page.HTML provides a means to create structured documents by denoting structural
semantics for the text such as headings, paragraphs, lists, links, quotes, and other items.
 CSS

CSS is used to style and layout web pages that is to alter the font, color, size, and spacing
of your content, split it into multiple columns, or add animations and other decorative
features.CSS is designed to enable the separation of content and presentation, including
layout, color, and fonts. This separation can improve content accessibility provide more
flexibility and control in the specification of presentation characteristics.
  JavaScript

JavaScript is a programming language and core technology of the World Wide Web,
alongside HTML and CSS. As of 2024, 98.9% of websites use JavaScript on the client side
for webpage behaviour, often incorporating third-party libraries. All major web browsers have a
dedicated JavaScript engine to execute the code on users devices. It has application
programming interfaces (APIs) for working with text, dates, regular expressions, standard data
structures, and the Document Object Model (DOM).

Database Technologies:
MySQL PHPMyAdmin

 MySQL

MySQL is the world’s most popular open source database. According to DB-Engines,
MySQL ranks as the second-most-popular database, behind Oracle Database. MySQL
powers many of the most accessed applications, including Facebook, Twitter, Netflix,
Uber, Airbnb, Shopify, and Booking.com. Since MySQL is open source, it includes
numerous features developed in close cooperation with users over more than 25 years. So
it’s very likely that your favourite application or programming language is supported by
MySQL Database.

 PHPMyAdmin

PHPMyAdmin is a free and open source administration tool for MySQL and MariaDB. As a
portable web application written primarily in PHP, it has become one of the most popular
MySQL administration tools, especially for web hosting services. PHPMyAdmin could be
used to develop administrative system for letter filling, especially in bureaucracy.
Backend Technologies:
PHP

 PHP

PHP stands for :Hypertext Pre-processor .PHP is an HTML-embedded scripting language.

Much of its syntax is borrowed from C, Java and Perl with a couple of unique PHP-specific
features thrown in. The goal of the language is to allow web developers to write dynamically
generated page quickly
PHP is an open-source, server-side programming language that can be used to create websites,
applications, customer relationship management systems and more. It is a widely-used general-
purpose language that can be embedded into HTML. This functionality with HTML means that
the PHP language has remained popular with developers as it helps to simplify HTML code.

2.2 Proposed system

The aim of this project is to create an innovative application for testing Coronavirus disease
which has made an economic and social disruption. The motivation behind creating this web
application was the need of a platform to showcase how this pandemic can be stopped from
further spread. Testing of all people for SARSCoV-2, including those who have no symptoms,
who show symptoms of infection such as trouble breathing, fever, sore throat or loss of the
sense of smell and taste, and who may have been exposed to the virus will help prevent the
spread of COVID-19 by identifying people who are in need of care in a timely fashion. A
positive test early in the course of the illness enables individuals to isolate themselves –
reducing the chances that they will infect others and allowing them to seek treatment earlier,
likely reducing disease severity and the risk of long-term disability, or death. A positive test for
SARS-CoV-2 alerts an individual that they have the infection. Not only can they get treated
faster, but they can take steps to minimize the spread of the virus. From the academic
perspective, the objective of this project to develop a scalable, reliable and secure website with
an efficient storage backend mechanism and a neat frontend. To grasp the concepts of Database
Management System, designing a real-time database, maintaining it and manipulating it is
essential. With this project, these principles are to be learned and applied. The focus is towards
designing an ER diagram that caters to our data needs, mapping this ER diagram into relational
schema, creation of tables using this schema and establishment of relationships within these
tables. The tables are aimed at achieving the highest Normal Forms, thus being efficient and
reduce redundancy. Following are the features of Covid-19 website:
• Admin’s signup/login
• Phlebotomist portal for testing samples
• User registration
• Three tests available for user to get tested
• Guidelines to follow Covid-19 protocols
• Website uses cookie policy to track user’s behaviour.

2.3 LIMITATIONS

Although I have tried to do the best and try to do all the things that are possible in an Online
System, but still the system contains some of the limitations.
The reason of these limitations is the time constraints. Time is the major problem. IHave to
deliver the project in a particular time period. That’s way I have to leave Some of the topics that
actually I want to cover, I am still working on this software And my next goal is to remove these
limitations and develop a more efficient and Elegant system.

Limitations of the System:

1. This project does not give the information about the stock (quantity) present within the
shop.
2. This project does not create monthly, yearly Reports.
After removing these and other minor limitations I hope this project will very efficient and
effective.
 3.REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION

3.1 FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS

These are the statements of services which, system should provide, how the system should react for particular
inputs and how the system should behave in particular situations. They are:-

 System should be accessible from anywhere in the world.

 Should provide easy user interfaces.

 Should provide interface for the patients to check the Home page

 Admin, patients should have separate account with associated functionalities.

 Should integrate almost all the patients available in the admin .

 System should provide interface for the Admin to view/add/remove products .

 System should provide interface for the Admin to view orders made by patients .

 Should provide interface for the admin to manage and keep the system running.

3.2 NON-FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS

 Accessibility: Accessibility can be viewed as the “ability to access” and benefit from a system. Help
text for the modules is provided wherever necessary, which guides the user into being able to access the
functionalities of the modules.
 Availability : These are the statements of services which, system should provide, how the system
should react for particular inputs and how the system should behave in particular situations.
 Compatibility: As the system requires just the latest Google Chrome Browser, so it can be run on any
operating system.
 Performance: Since the web application does not require any critical procedure, the system
performance only depends on the server’s capacity to serve the patient(s).
 Reliability: Reliability is the ability of the system to perform and maintain its functions in routine,
hostile and unexpected circumstances.
 Portability: Since the app just requires latest Chrome browser
 Usability : A system like the one proposed in this project is very helpful for Covid test management .
 Security: Since the web app can be accessed by only the authorized users and since each of the user
type has a different level of access, the system is secure.

3.3 HARDWARE & SOFTWARE REQUIRMENTS

At Developer Side
During system development, i have to design both static and dynamic website interfaces, create website
functions and a database system, edit photos and pictures, so its has a set of software and hardware
requirements.
Hardware Used Software Used
 Intel Dual Core Processor  WAMP SERVER

 160 GB Hard Disk Drive.  MYSQL Database

 1GB RAM.  NOTEPAD

 O.S. – Windows XP SP2  MS PAINT

At System Users Side

The following is the requirements for the system users including members and administrators.

Hardware Requirements Software Requirements

 Intel Pentium 4 Processor
 20 GB Hard Disk Drive.
 256MB RAM.
 Browser (IE 7.0 or Above, Mozilla
Firefox, Google Chrome
 Browser Must be JavaScript Enabled

 O.S. – Windows XP

4.SYSTEM DESIGN
System analysis is the process of gathering and interpreting facts ,diagnosing problems and using the
 information to recommend improvements on the system. System analysis is a problem solving activity that
requires intensive communication between the system users and system developers .System analysis or
study is an important phase of any system development process. The system is viewed as a whole, the
inputs are identified and the system is subjected to close study to identify the problem areas. The solutions
are given as a proposal. The proposal is reviewed on user request and suitable changes are made. This loop
ends as soon as the user is satisfied with the proposal

4.1 ER Diagram

Entity relationship diagrams are a way to represent the structure and layout of a database. It is used
frequently to describe the database schema. ER diagrams are very useful as they provide a good conceptual
view of any database, regardless of the underlying hardware and software. An ERD is a model that identifies
the concepts or entities that exist in a system and the relationships between those entities. An ERD is often
used as a way to visualize a relational database: each entity represents a database table, and the relationship
lines represent the keys in one table that point to specific records in related tables.

ERDs may also be more abstract, not necessarily capturing every table needed within a database, but
serving to diagram the major concepts and relationships. This ERD is of the latter type, intended to present
an abstract, theoretical view of the major entities and relationships needed for management of electronic
 resources. It may assist the database design process for an e-resource management system, but does not
identify every table that would be necessary for an electronic resource management database.
Objects
There are three main objects on an ER Diagram:
1. Entities
2. Relations
3. Attributes.

Entities
An entity is a concept or object in the database. Entities are concepts within the data model. Each entity is
represented by a box within the ERD. Entities are abstract concepts, each representing one or more instances of
the concept in question. An entity might be considered a container that holds all of the instances of a particular
thing in a system. Entities are equivalent to database tables in a relational database, with each row of the table
representing an instance of that entity.
Attributes
The patient ,test information , test received , phlebotomist etc. A given attribute belonging to a given entity
occurrence can only have one value. Therefore, if a supplier could have more than one address or telephone
number then this should be determined before defining the attributes of that entity type. In this example the
defined entity may require two or three address and/or telephone number attributes. It is the maximum practical
instances of a given attribute that should be catered for in the entity type definition.
Relationships
Relations are the connections between two or more entities. Relationship lines indicate that each instance of an
entity may have a relationship with instances of the connected entity, and vice versa. Each entity type can
always be described in terms of attributes, and these attributes will apply to all occurrences of that given entity
type

4.2 Relation schema

5 . Implementation
Implementation is the stage in the project where the theoretical design is turned into the working system and is
giving confidence to the new system for the users i.e. will work efficiently and effectively. It involves careful
planning, investigation of the current system and its constraints on implementation, design of method to achieve
the change over, an evaluation, of change over methods. A part from planning major task of preparing the
implementation is education of users. The more complex system is implemented, the more involved will be the
system analysis and design effort required just for implementation. An implementation coordinating committee
based on policies of individual organization has been appointed. The implementation process begins with
preparing a plan for the implementation for the system. According to this plan, the activities are to be carried
out; discussions may regarding the equipment have to be acquired to implement the new system.
Implementation is the final and important phase. The most critical stage is in achieving a successful new system
and in giving the users confidence that the new system will work and be effective. The system can be
implemented only after thorough testing is done and if it found to working according to the specification. This
method also offers the greatest security since the old system can take over if the errors are found or inability to
handle certain types of transaction while using the new system.
At the beginning of the development phase a preliminary implementation plan is created to schedule and
manage the many different activities that must be integrated into plan. The implementation plan is updated
throughout the Development phase, culminating in a changeover plan for the operation phase. The major
elements of implementation plan are test plan, training plan, equipment installation plan, and a conversion plan.

5.1 Frontend

Front End tool is used for give a Graphical user interface to system. By this we can make a system user
friendly and more capable. I have chosen html/css and javascript as front end tool. Because it is an Open Source
Technology, freely available and more familiar with any type of database.

HTML: Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is the standard markup language for creating web pages
and web applications. With Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) and JavaScript it forms a triad of cornerstone
technologies for the World Wide Web. Web browsers receive HTML documents from a web server or
from local storage and render them into multimedia web pages. HTML describes the structure of a web
page semantically and originally included cues for the appearance of the document.

CSS: Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used for describing the presentation of a
document written in a markup language.CSS is designed primarily to enable the separation of presentation
and content, including aspects such as the layout, colors, and fonts. This separation can improve content
accessibility, provide more flexibility and control in the specification of presentation characteristics,
enable multiple HTML pages to share formatting by specifying the relevant CSS in a separate .css file, and
reduce complexity and repetition in the structural content.
 JAVASCRIPT: JavaScript is a cross-platform, object-oriented scripting language. It is a small and
lightweight language. Inside a host environment (for example, a web browser), JavaScript can be
connected to the objects of its environment to provide programmatic control over them. As a
multiparadigm language, JavaScript supports event-driven, functional, and imperative (including object-
oriented and prototype-based) programming styles. It has an API for working with text, arrays, dates,
regular expressions, and basic manipulation of the DOM, but the language itself does not include any I/O,
such as networking, storage, or graphics facilities, relying for these upon the host environment in which it
is embedded.

5.2 Backend
Back end part of a system is more important because it controls all the internal process of a system. I
have choose oracle database as back end. Because it is word’s Most Capable relational database and provide
more security than others. I have used php and my sql in this project.

ABOUT PHP:

PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor is a widely used, general-purpose scripting language that was originally
designed for web development to produce dynamic web pages. For this purpose, PHP code is embedded into
the HTML source document and interpreted by a web server with a PHP processor module, which generates
the web page document. As a general-purpose programming language, PHP code is processed by an interpreter
application in command-line mode performing desired operating system operations and producing program
output on its standard output channel. It may also function as a graphical application. PHP is available as a
processor for most modern web servers and as standalone interpreter on most operating systems and computing
platforms.
PHP is one of the most popular server side scripting languages running today. It is used for creating dynamic
WebPages that interact with the user offering customized information. PHP offers many advantages; it is fast,
stable, secure, easy to use and open source (free).
 User friendly
 GUI
 Separation of work (designing & coding)
 Written once run anywhere
 PHP API

About MySQL

It is the world's most popular open source database software, with over 100 million copies of its
software downloaded or distributed throughout its history. With its superior speed, reliability, and ease
of use, MySQL has become the preferred choice for Web, Web 2.0, SaaS, ISV, Telecom companies and
forward-thinking corporate IT Managers because it eliminates the major problems associated with
downtime, maintenance and administration for modern, online applications.
 6. Snapshots

Fig.6.1a Welcome page

Fig.6.1b Welcome page

Fig.6.3
 CONCULSION

Owing to the difficult times that the pandemic has posed upon India, people are facing many challenges in
their day to day lives. The Coronavirus disease continues to spread across the world following a trajectory
that is difficult to predict. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a dramatic loss of human life worldwide
and presents an unprecedented challenge to public health, food systems and the world of work. The
economic and social disruption caused by the pandemic is devastating: tens of millions of people are at
risk of falling into extreme poverty. Scientists from the NIH and across the country are working around
the clock to establish programs that will ensure access to and acceptance of rapid and reliable testing
around the country. Testing can help people determine if they are infected with SARS-CoV-2 – regardless
of whether they have symptoms – and whether they are at risk of spreading the infection to others. Taking
measures to prevent the spread of infection will be the most effective strategy for getting us safely back to
work and school. This is what this project aimed at achieving. This project aims to create awareness to
people about the pandemic and helps a person to get tested for Corona virus and minimize its spread.
Testing is very important to help reduce the spread of Covid-19. As mentioned, this project has three basic
tests for Coronavirus – Antigen, RT-PCR, CBNAAT by which people can undergo these and help the
country to stop the further spread of the disease