Ho Chi Minh City University of Economics and Finance

Faculty of Economics

MIDTERM REPORT

LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT - MGT1143E

 Đánh giá chung mức độ
Đánh giá nhiệm vụ (*)
thực hiện

Thuyết trình, tham gia clip, trả

Trực tiếp viết bài và biên soạn

Chỉnh sửa, hoàn thiện bài viết

Đóng góp ý kiến cho bài viết
Xây dựng đề cương toàn bài

Tham gia phản biện trên lớp

Biên soạn slide, biên kịch

Tổ chức, điều hành nhóm

Trung bình (40-69)%

STT Họ tên MSSV

Giỏi (85-100)%
Sưu tầm tài liệu

Khá (70-84)%

Yếu (0-39)%
lời phản biện
nội dung
1 Nguyễn Phương Hoàng Anh 215082486 T T T T T T N/A N/A T T
2 Phan Hữu Tuấn 215018374 T T T T T T N/A N/A K T
3 Đào Thị Diễm Hương 215084229 T T T T T T N/A N/A K T
4 Trần Nguyễn Nhật Khoa 215081722 T T T T T T N/A N/A K T
5 Hồ Trung Hiếu 215085208 T T T T T T N/A N/A K T
(*) Đánh giá phần này theo quy ước sau:
- Tốt : T
Trưởng nhóm: Nguyễn Phương Hoàng Anh
- Khá : K
- Trung bình : TB (ký tên, ghi rõ họ tên)
- Yếu : Y
- Không tham gia: 
Questions

1. How long does it take Cat Lai to unload and load cargoes again on a ship when it arrives? Which equipment
are used to unload cargoes at the wharf? Provide photos and clearly explain functions and procedures of
the equipment used to load and unload goods at the wharf.
2. What types of ships does Cat Lai allow to dock? Why don't they let bigger ships dock to carry more goods?
3. Definition of lashing; Basic principles in the process of performing cargo lashing operations.
4. List the basic parameters of containers & how to check container status.

Requirements

 This assignment is a group report.

 You must use Font Arial, Font size 12, Line and paragraph spacing 1.5, Margin normal (top, left, bottom and
right 2.54 cm).

 You should use in-text references and a list of all cited sources at the end of the essay by applying the APA
referencing style.

 The recommended word limit is 3000 words (+/-10%), excluding the tables, graphs, diagrams, appendixes,
and references. However, the report should be written in a concise, formal business style.

 You must use the above cover page as prescribed with full information.

 Remember to convert the Word file into a PDF file before the submission on LMS.
 Fail Pass Good Distinction
Assessment criteria
(1-4) (5-6) (7-8) (9-10)
How long does it take Cat Lai to unload and load cargo
again on a ship when it arrives? Which equipment is
used to unload cargoes at the wharf? Provide photos
and clearly explain the functions and procedures of the
equipment used to load and unload goods at the wharf.
What types of ships does Cat Lai allow to dock? Why
don't they let bigger ships dock to carry more goods?
Definition of lashing; Basic principles in the process of
performing cargo lashing operations
List the basic parameters of containers & how to check
container status.
Average score:
1. How long does it take Cat Lai to unload and load cargoes again on a ship when it arrives? Which
equipment are used to unload cargoes at the wharf? Provide photos and clearly explain functions and
procedures of the equipment used to load and unload goods at the wharf.
1.1 How long does it take Cat Lai to unload and load cargoes again on a ship when it arrives?
According to the guide at Cat Lai Port, "The time required for a vessel's operations, from berthing to departure, ranges from
12 to 18 hours, during which the loading and unloading times may vary significantly, largely dependent on the quantity of
cargo being discharged or loaded."

Furthermore, the port guide stated, "Cat Lai Port is obligated to ensure that cargo handling operations adhere to the agreed
timeframe outlined in contractual agreements. If the duration exceeds one day, it is considered an indication of inefficient
operations at Cat Lai Port, resulting in liability as stipulated in the agreement. Therefore, such occurrences are generally
avoided at Cat Lai Port."

 Consequently, as cargo volumes carried by vessels are not uniform, the durations for unloading and loading operations
inevitably fluctuate. Hence, it is impractical to precisely calculate the exact time required for unloading and loading
operations, from the vessel's berthing to its departure, specifically at Cat Lai Port or at ports in general. However, an
approximate estimate for a vessel's unloading and loading operations, from berthing to departure, typically ranges from 12
to 18 hours.
 1.2 Which equipment are used to unload cargoes at the wharf? Provide photos and clearly explain functions
and procedures of the equipment used to load and unload goods at the wharf.
1. Rubber-Tired Gantry 6+1 & 3+1:

Function: Used for loading, unloading, moving and lifting all kinds of
goods.

Procedure:Through the container yard diagram, the RTG crane will

approach using the Gantry crane transfer system. By Trolley, the hoist and
spreader will move to the position where the container needs to be raised
or lowered. Finally, the shooting frame will be lowered and fixed to the
container using the crane's hump locking system to serve container
loading and unloading activities at the yard. (RTG, n.d.) 1. Rubber-Tired Gantry

2. STS shore crane (Ship To Sore)

Function:The main function is to transport and crane goods from the ship
(water surface) to shore.

Procedure: For importing goods, cranes pull goods from the vehicle/ship
floor to the yard. With the semi-automatic crane frame, the worker rotates
the crane 90 degrees. The automatic type only needs to unlock the
control. The crane lifts the frame and the forklift brings the goods to the
storage yard. Exported goods, forklifts bring goods to the wharf. The crane

2 . STS (Ship To Sore)

 brings the frame down to attach the container, checks for safety and then lowers the goods onto the ship. The process
needs to comply with labor safety. (InterLOG, 2023)

3. Terminal Truck

Function: Transporting goods, especially import and export goods by road. Tractor trucks can carry goods with large
weights and bulky dimensions.

3. Terminal Truck
4. Reach Stackers

Function:The main use of a container forklift is to lift

containers up and down, and stack containers in designated
places. (xenanghangcha, n.d.)

4. Reach Stackers

5. Forklift Truck

Function: Transporting and loading containers. Convenient for

goods that need to be transported in small spaces. (Minh)

Procedure:

1. Move to the location where you need to get the container

2. Insert the frame of the forklift into the container and lock it
(twistlock) to secure the container.
3. Move to the place where the container needs to be loaded.

5. Forklift Truck
2. What types of ships does Cat Lai allow to dock? Why don't they let bigger ships dock to carry more
goods?
2.1 What types of ships does Cat Lai allow to dock?
Cat Lai port allows docking of these types of ships: Feeder vessels, tugboats

 Feeder Vessel: A feeder vessel is a specialized container ship used in the shipping industry to collect containers from
smaller ports with low container volumes and consolidate them at a hub port. The feeder vessel then delivers the
containers to a mother vessel, which carries them to the final destination port on a longer leg of the journey (Phong,
2023).
 A TUG Boat: Is a specialized vessel designed with a compact structure and powerful engines. This allows tugboats to
perform various tasks such as towing and pushing other vessels or objects at sea. (lammohinh, 2017).

2.2 Why don't they let bigger ships dock to carry more goods?
According to the tour guide at Cat Lai Port: “The infrastructure at Cat Lai Port is currently not capable of accommodating
large vessels that carry large volumes of cargo like mother vessels.”

In addition, according to the research team, there is another reason: about the river channel, the brick channel, and the
water draft in Cat Lai. The river channel at Cat Lai port is divided into two parts: the river channel in the middle of the river
(8 to 6m depth) and the river channel in front of the wharf, also known as the artificial river channel (minus 12m depth).

According to information from the tour guide at Cat Lai, "Feeder ships are allowed to enter Cat Lai port with a carrying
capacity of less than 3,000 TEU". With draft parameters ranging from 20 feet to 30 feet (Vuong). Therefore, with
inappropriate river channels, brick channels, and water drafts, it is very difficult for large ships transporting large amounts
of goods to enter.
 According to (vov, 2022) “Given its current location and fairway, Cat Lai Port can only accommodate vessels with a
deadweight tonnage (DWT) of under 45,000, primarily serving the intra-Asia trade. For import and export goods destined
for the European and American markets via large tonnage vessels, transshipment to Cai Mep Port is required. Transshipping
goods between Cat Lai Port and Cai Mep Port by barge helps save costs and time, reduces traffic congestion on National
Highway 51, and relieves the workload at Cat Lai Port.”

 In conclusion, there are two main reasons why larger vessels are not allowed to dock to carry more cargo: First of all,
the infrastructure at Cat Lai Port is not adequate for a large vessel to dock and carry large volumes of cargo. And the final
reason is the draft at the port is not suitable for a large vessel, capable of carrying large volumes of cargo, to enter.

3. Definition of lashing; Basic principles in the process of performing cargo lashing operations.
3.1 Definition
3.1.1. What is lashing
Lashing is a technical term widely used in cargo transportation, referring to the practices of securing, blocking, and bracing
cargo at a specific location such as on ships, vessels, wooden pallets, or inside containers. Lashing aims to ensure that
cargo is held safely in place and protected from damage, loss, and shifting during maritime transportation. (NAMKHANH,
2023)

3.1.2. The role of lashing

1. Ensuring cargo safety: Keeping cargo immobilized and preventing undesired movement, thereby reducing the risk of
damage.
2. Reventing accidents and losses: Helping avoid unfortunate incidents such as cargo falling overboard, container damage,
or loss due to uncontrolled shifting.
3. Maintaining the integrity of containers and vessels: Lashing not only protects the cargo but also keeps the containers
and carrying vessels intact, preventing damage to the transportation structure and equipment
4. Complying with regulations and standards: Enabling companies to comply with shipping regulations and ensuring that
the transportation process adheres to international standards. (NAMKHANH, 2023)

3.1.3. Lashing equipment tools

 Polyester splash fabric webbing: Made from polyester fibers, splash fabric webbing offers superior durability and leading
load-bearing capacity among various webbing types.
 Composite Webbing: Composite webbing consists of parallel polyester filament layers coated with polypropylene,
providing excellent abrasion resistance and the ability to withstand harsh environments such as chemical solvents or
acids.
 Webbing tensioner lever: Manufactured from rust-resistant coated steel, the webbing tensioner lever features a
specialized design to prevent the webbing from slipping backward once tightened.
 Various types of webbing tensioning tools: (hlvina, n.d.)

In summary, in the transportation and logistics industry, the concept of lashing plays a crucial role in ensuring cargo safety
during transportation, particularly in maritime shipping. Lashing not only prevents damage but also mitigates accidents,
losses, maintains the integrity of transportation vehicles, and ensures compliance with professional standards.Basic
principles in the process of performing cargo lashing operations.

3.2 Basic principles in the process of performing cargo lashing operations.

3.2.1. Basic principles in the process of performing cargo lashing operations
1. It is imperative to ensure that the stowage and securing procedures for one cargo item do not interfere with or cause
damage to any other cargo items. (cargo stowage and securing, 2003)
 2. All cargo securing equipment must be inspected and verified to be in satisfactory condition, and deemed the most
suitable for the specific operation. (cargo stowage and securing, 2003)
3. The weight of each cargo item should be established, and when feasible, the position of its center of gravity
determined (cargo stowage and securing, 2003)
4. The appropriate types of lashing materials to secure the cargo item must be selected, followed by the calculation of
the maximum securing load (MSL) capacity of the chosen lashings (cargo stowage and securing, 2003)
5. Dunnage materials, such as timber, plywood sheets, rubber mats, and the like, should be utilized to increase the
coefficient of friction between the cargo and the stowage surface. Steel-to-steel contact must be avoided, and the
surface should be clean, dry, and free from oil and grease contamination. (cargo stowage and securing, 2003)

3.2.2. Types of lashing

Typyes of lashing (lashingvietnam, n.d.) , (WEBMASTER, 2020)

7 (top-over lashing) 6 (Round - Turn Lashing)

9 (Spring Lashing) 8 (Loop Lashing)

 4. List the basic parameters of containers & how to check container status.

10 Container

4.1 List the basic parameters of containers

 The Basic Parameters Of Containers (gulfshipping, 2022)

Maximum Gross Weight:

This parameter indicates the maximum allowable total weight of the container after it has been loaded. It includes the
container tare weight and the maximum weight of the cargo inside the container. The unit of measurement is expressed in
Kilograms (Kg) and Pounds (LB).
Tare Weight:

The tare weight of a container depends mainly on the material used to build it. It is important to note that during the operation
of the container, there are many cases where the container is taken for repair, replacement of floorboards, patching of holes,
etc. This can change the initial weight of the container, however, this change is usually not significant. The unit of
measurement is expressed in Kilograms (Kg) and Pounds (LB).

Maximum Payload:

This parameter indicates the maximum total weight of cargo that can be loaded into the container. It includes cargo,
packaging, dunnage, lashing, etc. The unit of measurement is expressed in Kilograms (Kg) and Pounds (LB).

Cubic Capacity:

The maximum cargo volume of the container. There are two units, Cubic Meter (m3) and Cubic Foot (ft3).

4.2 How to check container status

4.2.1. External condition of the container:
- Observe the overall condition of the container, including the undercarriage and frame beams.

- Look for signs of the container's condition through factors such as paint condition, holes, or dents and deformation.

→ If the container shows signs of the above, it will affect the quality of the goods. If there are no such signs, it can be
determined that this container has external safety.

In particular, for some goods such as coffee, frozen food, fruit, etc., we need to make sure that the container is not dented,
deformed, or punctured. Thus, we can largely ensure the quality of the goods. For goods such as steel, there is no need to
be too demanding on the condition of dents or peeling paint on the outside.
 4.2.2. Internal condition of the container:
The first action when opening the container is to check that the container door is closed securely (ensuring that no light can
enter the container) and is tightly closed for goods that require high preservation. Then, check all 6 sides of the inside of
the container, make sure the container is sealed and no holes or air can enter, especially for goods that need to be
transported in a sealed container such as coffee, cashew nuts, etc. (misontrans, n.d.)
 Table of Contents
1. How long does it take Cat Lai to unload and load cargoes again on a ship when it arrives?
Which equipment are used to unload cargoes at the wharf? Provide photos and clearly explain
functions and procedures of the equipment used to load and unload goods at the wharf. ........... 5

1.1 How long does it take Cat Lai to unload and load cargoes again on a ship when it arrives?
................................................................................................................................................ 5

1.2 Which equipment are used to unload cargoes at the wharf? Provide photos and clearly
explain functions and procedures of the equipment used to load and unload goods at the wharf.
................................................................................................................................................ 6

2. What types of ships does Cat Lai allow to dock? Why don't they let bigger ships dock to carry
more goods? ............................................................................................................................... 9

2.1 What types of ships does Cat Lai allow to dock? ............................................................... 9

2.2 Why don't they let bigger ships dock to carry more goods? ............................................... 9

3. Definition of lashing; Basic principles in the process of performing cargo lashing operations.
................................................................................................................................................. 10

3.1 Definition ......................................................................................................................... 10

3.1.1. What is lashing ........................................................................................................ 10

3.1.2. The role of lashing ................................................................................................... 10

3.1.3. Lashing equipment tools .......................................................................................... 11

3.2 Basic principles in the process of performing cargo lashing operations. .......................... 11

3.2.1. Basic principles in the process of performing cargo lashing operations ................... 11

3.2.2. Types of lashing ...................................................................................................... 12

4. List the basic parameters of containers & how to check container status. ............................. 13

4.1 List the basic parameters of containers ........................................................................... 13

4.2 How to check container status ......................................................................................... 14

4.2.1. External condition of the container: .......................................................................... 14

4.2.2. Internal condition of the container: ........................................................................... 15

 Table of Figures
1. Rubber-Tired Gantry ................................................................................................... 6
2 . STS (Ship To Sore) .................................................................................................... 6
3. Terminal Truck ............................................................................................................ 7
4. Reach Stackers ........................................................................................................... 8
5. Forklift Truck ............................................................................................................... 8
6 (Round - Turn Lashing) .............................................................................................. 12
7 (top-over lashing) ....................................................................................................... 12
8 (Loop Lashing) ........................................................................................................... 12
9 (Spring Lashing) ......................................................................................................... 12
10 Container.................................................................................................................. 13
 References
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china.com/images/downlaod/IMO%202003%20EDITION%20CARGO%20STOW
AGE%20AND%20SECURING.pdf

gulfshipping. (2022, 02 15). Ý nghĩa và cách đọc các thông số ghi trên vỏ Container chính
xác nhất. Retrieved from gulfshipping.com.vn: https://gulfshipping.com.vn/y-nghia-
va-cach-doc-cac-thong-so-ghi-tren-vo-container-chinh-xac-nhat/?lang=vi

hlvina. (n.d.). Các vật liệu, thiết bị và công cụ hỗ trợ cho việc Lashing hàng hóa. Retrieved
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hlvina/

InterLOG. (2023, 07 25). Quy trình xếp dỡ hàng hóa container và các lưu ý nên biết.
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549?gidzl=71NHRvbeS7eU2z1fd7TvVHqDsMo09Yik0m_PEOHrBYzI0DavWtmj9
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lammohinh. (2017, 02 27). Tàu lai dắt (TUG Boat). Retrieved from lammohinh.com:
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