College of Engineering, Architecture, and Technology

TYPES OF ZONING

GROUP 9 REPORTERS:
Dianne Doloso
Afrilyn Falco
Angelica Rose Loberiza
Julius Villa

WHAT IS ZONING?
 Zoning is the process and method of dividing up land within a municipality (town, city,
country) into zones/districts.
 Zoning is defined as the regulation by law of the use of land and (or) buildings and of the
height and density of buildings in specific areas to secure convenience, health, safety, and
general welfare of the community.

ZONING ORDINANCE
The zoning ordinance is a written regulation and law that defines how parcels of land
within a municipality can be used.
Define zones in two ways: land use--or zone activities--and by size and shape of
buildings and other developments. The three major activities and uses that define zones are:
residential, commercial and industrial
Zoning, is comprised of two very important parts
(1) Zoning Map (2) Zoning text.

(1) Zoning Map

 The zoning map is a visual representation of the municipality created by GIS
(Geographic Information Systems/Science). It will show the various parcels located in the
municipality and color-coded by zone district.

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(2) Zoning Text
 The zoning text breaks down the rules that apply in each zoning district. These rules
typically establish a list of land uses permitted in each district plus specific standards
governing lot size, density, lot coverage, building height, and required yard and setback
provisions. Second, the text sets forth a series of procedures for administering and
applying the zoning ordinance.

PRINCIPLES OF ZONING
• Arrangement of Zones – However the use can be changed if
properly justifiable.
– Usual pattern – in form of
concentric bands • Flexibility
– Central, sub-central, intermediate, – Principles of zoning may be rigidly
undeveloped area enforced but flexibility
– Providing blocks or units for should be given in working out the
various uses in different parts of details
town
– Example– proximity of residential
• Boundaries place to work place should
– Providing suitable boundary be there but it should also be far
between 2 zones enough to avoid
– Roads – usually unsuitable as associated nuisances.
boundaries
• New Towns
– Railway line, park, open green
– Areas required for residence,
space – suitable boundaries
industry and buisness
• Existing Towns
should be worked out with proper
– Information regarding existing use method (Population
is gathered.
should be known).
– Town is then divided by
– The town should be then divided
considering the predominant use
into zones.
in particular area, as far as possible.

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Member: Philippine Association of State Universities and Colleges (PASUC)
Agricultural Colleges Association of the Philippines (ACAP)
 College of Engineering, Architecture, and Technology

OBJECTIVES OF ZONING
 It is a main tool for planner to achieve his goal. The planner gets opportunities for
designing for future growth and development of town.
 It is very useful for planner for making any town planning scheme effective and
successful.
 The zoning affords proper coordination of various public amenities like transport, water
supply, drainage, electric power etc.
 It also requires consideration of future growth like development, drainage, public streets,
pedestrian walkways, density of population, and many other factors.

ADVANTAGES OF ZONING
Danger from fire – min. chances of occurrence and damages can be controlled.
Future Development – controlled future development
General amenities – parks, shopping centers etc. provided for easy access and use.
Avoids undue wastage of time, money and space.
Health of community – prevents invasion of undesirable industries in residential area,
thus preventing harmful gases and wastes from polluting the residential areas.
Population distribution – regulates density of population, no undue concentration of
population.
Public utility services – economic use of various public utility services such as water
supply, drainage lines etc.

CLASSIFICATIONS OF ZONING
Zoning can be classified by its purpose. There are five typical types of zoning: residential,
commercial, industrial, mixed-use, and special districts. Residential zoning is designed for single
family homes and small businesses. Commercial zoning is for larger businesses such as malls and
factories. Industrial zoning is for manufacturing plants and warehouses. Mixed-use zones allow

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for commercial and residential buildings to be close together in order to create a more livable
community. Special districts are created in order to provide specific services or amenities such as
schools or parks
R1 Basic R3
 Low-density residential zone  Rowhouses 1-3 storeys high
 Characterized by single-family and
Maximum R3
single detached dwellings
 Medium-rise multilevel structure 6-
R2
12 storeys high
 Medium-density residential zone
R4
 Characterized by low-rise single-
attached, duplex, or multilevel  Medium to high-density residential
buildings for use as multiple family zone
dwellings  Characterized by low-rise
townhouses or buildings for use as
R2
multiple family dwellings
 Further subclassified into:  Refers to structures on an individual
lot (“townhouse”)
Basic R2
R5
 Single attached or duplex, 1-3 floors
 Very high-density residential zone
Maximum R2
 Characterized by medium-rise to
 Low-rise multi-level building, 3-5 high rise condominiums
floors
C1
R3
 Light commercial
 High-density residential zone  Neighborhood to community in scale
 Characterized low-rise or medium-  Low-rise buildings (1-3 storeys)
rise buildings for use as multiple  Low-intensity trade/activity
family dwellings  Example: Small shopping centers
 Includes low-rise or medium-rise
C2
condominium buildings
R3  Medium commercial
 City or municipal in scale
Further subclassified into:  Medium-rise buildings (3-5 storeys)

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 Medium to high intensity trade  Low to high-intensity community
 Example: Shopping centers support functions
 Two clusters:
C3
1. Transport terminals, intermodals,
 Metropolitan commercial depots
 Metropolitan in scale 2. Power/water generation/distribution,
 Medium to high-rise buildings (3-5 telcos, waste management facilities
storeys) SPE (SPECIAL)
 Very high intensity trade
 Example: Large to very large  Other vertical facilities not yet
shopping malls mentioned
 Included cemeteries and memorial
GI parks
 General institutional CUL ( CULTURAL)
 Community to national level of
institutional use. Low-rise to high-  Community to national level of use
rise. or occupancy
 Two types:  Low-rise to medium rise
1. Education/Recreation A ( AGRICULTURAL)
2. Medical/Government
 Low to medium rise
I-1 {INDUSTRIAL)
 Low to high intensity agricultural
 Light industrial use activity
 Low-rise but sprawling  Includes farms, but also offices and
 Low-intensity manufacturing facilities for agricultural research and
 training

I-2 {INDUSTRIAL) AI ( AGROINDUSTRIAL)

 Medium industrial use  Low rise

 Low-rise but sprawling  Low to high intensity agro-industrial
 Medium-intensity manufacturing activity
 Includes offices and facilities for
UTS {UTILITIES, TRANSPO,  agro-industrial education and
SERVICES) research
 Utilitarian, functional uses PUD ( PLANNED UNIT DEV.)
 Low-rise to medium rise

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 Land development or redevelopment Development Masterplan) or
schemes for a new project which has equivalent
a CDMP (Comprehensive  Example: Bonifacio Global City

OCCUPANCY SEPERATIONS

DEVELOPMENT CONTROLS OF ZONING

Typically involve regulations and guidelines set by local governments to manage land use
and development within specific areas. These controls aim to promote orderly growth, protect
property values, ensure public safety, and maintain community aesthetics.
Zoning development controls involves documenting various aspects related to land use
regulations, such as:
Zoning Ordinances:
Detailed regulations that specify allowable land uses, building heights, setbacks, lot sizes,
density limits, and other parameters within different zones or districts.

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Member: Philippine Association of State Universities and Colleges (PASUC)
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 College of Engineering, Architecture, and Technology
Permitting Process:
Describing the procedures and requirements for obtaining development permits, including
building permits, site plan approvals, conditional use permits, variances, and rezoning requests.
Design Standards:
Outlining criteria for architectural design, landscaping, signage, parking, and other elements
to ensure compatibility with the surrounding environment and neighborhood character.
Environmental Regulations:
Addressing concerns related to environmental protection, including requirements for
stormwater management, wetland preservation, tree conservation, and habitat protection.
Infrastructure Requirements:
Specifying standards for utilities, roadways, sidewalks, lighting, drainage, and other essential
infrastructure to support new development and ensure public safety.
Historic Preservation:
Identifying historic districts or landmarks and establishing guidelines for preserving and
rehabilitating historic structures or areas. To prevent violations that regulates all places with
historical value
Affordable Housing:
Implementing policies to encourage the development of affordable housing units or provide
incentives for developers to include affordable housing components in their projects.
Public Participation:
Detailing opportunities for public input in the zoning process, such as public hearings,
community meetings, and advisory committees. In consideration of the public surrounding the
zone.
Comprehensive Plan Compatibility:
Ensuring that proposed developments align with the goals and objectives of the community's
comprehensive plan, which serves as a long-term vision for future growth and development.

Accredited: Accrediting Agency of Chartered Colleges and Universities of the Philippines (AACCUP)
Member: Philippine Association of State Universities and Colleges (PASUC)
Agricultural Colleges Association of the Philippines (ACAP)
 College of Engineering, Architecture, and Technology
Enforcement Mechanisms:
Describing the roles and responsibilities of zoning enforcement officials and outlining
procedures for investigating complaints, issuing citations, and resolving violations. To ensure
the zoning is in its legal purposes and to avoid any offense.

SUMMARY
 In the context of developing new urban areas, zoning principles necessitate a meticulous and
comprehensive approach to planning. This involves careful consideration of various factors,
including projected population growth, economic trends, and social needs. The process begins
with a thorough assessment of the population requirements for residential, industrial, and
commercial spaces.
 By adhering to zoning principles and adopting a holistic approach to planning, new urban areas
can be developed in a manner that fosters vibrant communities, economic prosperity, and a high
quality of life for residents.

Accredited: Accrediting Agency of Chartered Colleges and Universities of the Philippines (AACCUP)
Member: Philippine Association of State Universities and Colleges (PASUC)
Agricultural Colleges Association of the Philippines (ACAP)
 College of Engineering, Architecture, and Technology

REFERENCES

Bjugan, C. (2023). Vest Right. Types of Land Zoning. Retrieved February 20, 2024, from
https://vestright.com/land-zoning
Philippine Law Gazette., (2018); The National Building Code of the Philippines, with revised
Implementing Rules and Regulations, Presidential Decree 1096
Santos, P. Jr. (n/a). PD 1096 National Building Code of the Philippines. Retrieved February
17,
Santos, P. Jr. (n/a). PD 1096 National Building Code of the Philippines. Retrieved February
17,
2024, from file:///C:/Users/Acer/Downloads/PD-1096-RULE-1-7.pd
Sojitra, G., (2013); Elements of City Design- Zoning
Urban Development Department City Government of Makati (2021); Official Zoning Map
Urban Planning Life (2024), https://urbanplanninglife.com/zoning-basics/

Accredited: Accrediting Agency of Chartered Colleges and Universities of the Philippines (AACCUP)
Member: Philippine Association of State Universities and Colleges (PASUC)
Agricultural Colleges Association of the Philippines (ACAP)