Bachelor of Elementary Education (BEED)

LEARNING MODULE

Module No. 1 ( Making Healthful Choices, Influences on Your Health, Taking Charge of Your
Health )
Subject Code :
Subject Description : Teaching PE & Health

Term : 2nd Semester

I. Learning Objectives:

 Discuss how three main determinants influence health

 Identify the positive and negative impacts of those determinants
 Explain how individuals can make more healthy choices

II. Learning Outcomes:

• Measure a change in the health status of an individual or a group which can be attributed

to intervention.

III. Learning Resources:

1. Required Learning Resources

• laptop, Textbook, Print out activities, module.

2. Additional Learning Resources

• https//www.takingcharge.csh.umn.edu

IV. Tasks to Complete:

● reading PE & Health book

● home activities
● module
● quizzes & exam.

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 V. Content Items:

Lesson 1 :

Influences on Your Health

Heredity
• Heredity: all the traits and properties that are passed along biologically from both parents to child.
• To some degree this determines your general level of health.
• You inherit physical traits such as the color of your hair and eyes, shape of your nose and ears, as well
as your body type and size.
• You also inherit basic intellectual abilities as well as tendencies toward specific diseases.

Path to improved health

Social determinants of health are the conditions that we live, learn, work, and play in. These

conditions can influence the health and well-being of you and your community. They can

include things like your education level, your exposure to violence, the way your community is
designed, and if you have access to health care. These factors affect your ability to take part in

healthy behaviors, and this affects your health.

Here are some examples of major social factors that can influence your health.

Education

Your education level can have an effect on how healthy you are. Education gives you the tools

you need to make good decisions about your health. People with more education are more

likely to live longer. They are more likely to participate in healthy activities like exercising and

seeing their doctor regularly. They are less likely to participate in unhealthy activities, such as

smoking. Education also tends to lead to higher-paying jobs. These often come with benefits,

such as health insurance, healthier working conditions, and the opportunity to make

connections with other people. All of these things add up to better health.

Income

The amount of money you make has an effect on your health. People with higher incomes tend

to be healthier and live longer than people with low incomes. They are more likely to live in safe

neighborhoods. They have more access to grocery stores and healthy foods. They usually have

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more access to safe spaces for exercise or other activities. People with low incomes are more

likely to live in a community of poverty. They are more likely to face situations that can lead to

poor health. These can include unsafe housing, more challenges in getting healthy food, and

less time for exercise or physical activity. Having a lower income also affects your ability to have

affordable health insurance and health care. This can affect how often, if ever, you go to the

doctor. This can have a direct effect on your health.

Housing

Where you live has a significant impact on your health. People who are continually exposed to

poor living conditions have a higher risk of developing health problems. Conditions such as

pests, mold, structural problems, and toxins in the home can all affect your health. It is

important that your home is safe and free from hazards like these. Housing can contribute to

your health when it provides you with a safe place to be.

Neighborhood conditions are an important part of housing and can also affect your health. A

neighborhood that is free from violence, crime, and pollution gives children and adults a safe

place for physical activity. A home that is close to grocery stores makes it easier for families to

buy and eat healthy foods. A thriving neighborhood also offers employment, transportation,

and good schools. Being surrounded by all of these things helps you live a healthier life.

Access to health care

How easy it is for you to access health care is a big determinant of your health. If you have

health insurance, you are more likely to visit your doctor on a regular basis. These trips can

include screenings and preventive care that keep you from developing chronic disease. But not

everyone has access to health insurance or easy access to care. Some people don’t have

transportation to go to the doctor. Some can’t afford it, while others speak a different

language. All of these things can prevent someone from getting the health care they need and

delay treatment of preventable problems. Not being able to get health care can have a huge

impact on your health.

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Things to consider

Above are just a few of the social determinants of health that can affect your health and well-

being. There are many others. They include:

 Access to nutritious foods.

 Access to clean water and working utilities (electricity, sanitation, heating, and cooling).

 Early childhood social and physical environments, including childcare.

 Ethnicity and culture.

 Family and other social support.

 Gender.

 Language and other communication capabilities.

 Occupation and job security.

 Sexual identification.

 Social status (how integrated or isolated you are from others).

 Social stressors, such as exposure to violence.

 Socioeconomic status.

 Spiritual/religious values.

Any and all of these factors play into your health on a daily basis. It is important to understand

how these things affect your health so you can take steps to improve them and improve your

health.

Taking Charge of Your Health

1. health skills – specific tools and strategies to maintain, protect, and improve all
aspects of your health.
2. Interpersonal communication – the exchange of thoughts, feelings, and beliefs
between two or more people.
3. Refusal skills – communication strategies that can help you say no when you are
urged to take part in behaviors that are unsafe or unhealthful, or that go against
your values.
4. Conflict resolution – the process of ending a conflict through cooperation and
problem solving.
5. Stress – the reaction of the body and mind to everyday challenges and demands.
6. Stress management skills – skills that help you reduce and manage stress in your
life.

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 7. Advocacy – taking action to influence others to address a health-related concern
or to support a health-related belief.
8. Values – the ideas, beliefs, and attitudes about what is important that help guide
the way you live.
9. Decision making skills – steps that enable you to make a healthful decision.
10. Goals – those things you aim for that take planning and work.
11. Short-term goal – a goal that you can reach in a short period of time.
12. Long-term goal – a goal that you plan to reach over an extended period of time.
13. Action plan You need to know:

What the HELP strategy stands for.

H - Healthful
E – Ethical
L – Legal
P – Parental Approval.

Examples of long and short – term goals

Long-term goal – Running a 10K. You may want to start with smaller races and train for the longer race.
This is goal that will need to be reached over an extended period of time.
Short-term goal – Your assignment is to read three articles over the weekend on an assigned topic.
On Saturday, you locate and print out your articles. On Sunday you read the articles so you’re ready to
discuss them in class on Monday. This was a goal that was reached in a short period of time.
List and describe the five health skills that can be used to enhance health. Communication Skills – these
include the process of learning to use “I” messages, refusal skills, and conflict-resolution skills. Accessing
Information – make sure to use reliable sources for obtaining health information. Analyzing Influences –
understand what influences you to make more healthful choices.
For example: personal values
Personal beliefs
Perceptions
Family culture
Media/technology
Peers,
School/community.
Self-management Skills – practicing health habits that will protect your health. For example, the
healthy
behaviors checklist
(eat well-balanced meals, regular exercise, 8-10 hours of sleep, and practicing good personal hygiene.
Advocacy – is way of sharing your health knowledge. The six steps of the decision-making process.
State the Situation. List the Options. Weigh the Possible Outcomes. Consider Values. Make a Decision
and
Act on It. Evaluate the Decision. The steps of developing an action plan. Set a specific, realistic goal and

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 write it down. List the steps you will take to reach the goal. Identify sources of help and support. Set a
reasonable time frame for achieving your goal. Evaluate your progress by establishing checkpoints.
Reward yourself for achieving your goal.

What are 4 important influences on your health?

Our health is largely determined by the social, economic, cultural, and physical environments

we live in — everything from where we work and live to our level of education and our access

to healthy food and water.

What are 5 factors that influence your health?

There are many different factors that can affect your health. These include things like housing,

financial security, community safety, employment, education and the environment. These are

known as the wider determinants of health.

What are influences on your health?

Social Factors. Social determinants of health reflect the social factors and physical conditions of

the environment in which people are born, live, learn, play, work, and age. Also known as social

and physical determinants of health, they impact a wide range of health, functioning, and

quality-of-life outcomes.

What are the 10 factors that affect health?

 Ten Factors that. Affect. Your Health Status.

 Heredity.
 Quality of the Environment.
 Random Events.
 Health Care.
 Behaviors You Choose.
 Quality of your Relationships.
 Decisions You Make.

What are six factors that influence your health?

The important factors which determine health are:

1) heredity
2) environment

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3) life-style
4) socio – economic conditions
5) health services
6) health related systems.
Lesson 2 :

Taking Charge of Your Health

Why to take charge ?

The experts can’t fix everything.

1. The healthcare system (drugs, providers, and hospitals) affects only about 10-
20% of our health. The remaining 80% or more of health outcomes is determined
by factors over which healthcare providers have little or no control, such as
lifestyle choices, social conditions, and the physical environment.

In other words, it’s about what you eat and how you deal with stress. It’s about
choosing to be physically active. Take steps to enhance your own wellbeing and
you’ll be healthier than if you rely entirely on the healthcare system.
2. Your pockets just aren’t that deep. No one’s are! Read the headlines: The cost
of healthcare and health insurance is rising rapidly. You have probably seen your
premiums and out-of-pocket expenses for clinic visits and prescriptions climbing.

Some of the increases are due to choices. Lifestyle-related diseases, such as Type
II diabetes caused by obesity, are increasing and driving up costs. The leading
causes of disease and death in the United States are due to our behaviors:
tobacco use, poor diet, physical inactivity, and alcohol abuse.

As healthcare costs skyrocket, the ability of many people to obtain healthcare is

compromised. Approximately 43 million Americans don't have any health
insurance at all. It doesn’t help anyone to argue about who is driving up
healthcare costs, and what they should do about it. By taking charge of your own
health, you can help reduce healthcare costs.
3. The healthcare system isn’t perfect.
Medical errors can have severe consequences, so you want to do what you can
to minimize mistakes. For example, if you switch providers, you need to make
sure that your new doctor or nurse practitioner has all your health records and
the information they need to provide safe and effective care.

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 If you or someone you love goes into hospital, you need to pay attention—are
you receiving the correct medication? Have you verified that the correct
procedure will be performed before you undergo anesthesia? Are caregivers
washing their hands and wearing their gloves?
4. You deserve satisfaction.
Are you pleased with your healthcare? Many Americans aren’t. They don't feel
listened to. They feel rushed. No one offers them a chance to ask questions. This
is not surprising given that doctor visits are often less than 15 minutes. However,
healthcare is something you pay for. Face it: would you keep patronizing a
mechanic or hairdresser or restaurant if you weren’t happy with the service?

Of course healthcare is not exactly the same as these services. But it’s okay to
want to ask questions, express doubt, and really communicate with your
healthcare provider. Taking charge of your healthcare will reduce dissatisfaction.

For example, finding good health information can empower you to make better
decisions. And if you deliberately choose a provider you trust and take pains to
communicate effectively, you will likely experience many benefits.

5. You need to explore all your options.

While our current system excels at treating acute infectious disease and
responding to trauma, it is not always as effective in providing preventive
healthcare or helping people deal with chronic disease.

Integrative therapies often excel in these areas, as research shows. Therapies

and practices such as guided imagery, biofeedback, or meditation can help
reduce the negative impact of stress. Massage can help people
relax. Acupuncture is recognized by the National Institutes of Health as effective
for postoperative and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and chronic
pain.

Here are five health tips to help you take charge, starting now.
1. Get Enough Sleep. Sleep should be a top priority. ...
2. Schedule a Physical Exam. Regular health exams are important for preventing disease and
detecting problems early. ...

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3. Understand Health Indicators. ...
4. Keep Track of Your Records. ...
5. Improve Your Lifestyle.
What is the best and easiest way to take charge of your own health care?

Perhaps the best, and easiest, way to take charge of your own health care is to start

by taking care of yourself. To do this at any age: Stay at a healthy weight. Eat plenty of

fruits and vegetables and other healthy foods (like whole grains).

How can I stay on the top of my health?

1. Maintain a Healthy Weight.

2. Exercise Regularly.
3. Don't Smoke.
4. Eat a Healthy Diet.
5. Drink Alcohol Only in Moderation, If at All.
6. Protect Yourself from the Sun.
7. Protect Yourself From Sexually Transmitted Infections.
8. Get Screening Tests.

VI. Summary:

•Behavioral influences include the child’s emotions, beliefs, attitudes, behaviors, and cognitive

abilities that affect health outcomes. Environmental influences are wide-ranging and include

infectious agents, toxins such as lead and air pollution, and social factors such as loving

interactions with caregivers, socioeconomic resources in the family and community, and peer

relationships, segregation, racism, culture, the availability and quality of services, and policies

that directly or indirectly affect these other interactive influences.

VII. Review Questions:

1. What are factors that influence health?

2. How does health affect learning?

3. How has education influenced your life?

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 4. What are the factors that impact on teaching and learning?

VIII. Assessments:

1. What are 4 important influences on your health?

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2. What are 5 factors that influence your health?

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3. Why is it important to take charge of your health?

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4. What are the Factors that affect health?

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5. What are five health skills that can be used to enhance health?

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6. How do you take charge of your health?

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7. What are six factors that influence your health?

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