Automatic Agriculture Spraying Robot with

Smart
Decision Making
Sonal Sharma and Rushikesh Borse

Abstract The responsibility of controlling and managing the plant growth from
early stage to mature harvest stage involves monitoring and identification of
plant diseases, controlled irrigation and controlled use of fertilizers and
pesticides. The proposed work explores the technology of wireless sensors for
remote real time monitoring of vital farm parameters like humidity,
environmental temperature and moisture content of the soil. We also employ
the technique of image processing for vision based automatic disease
detection on plant leaves. Thus this paper vigorously describes the design
and construction of an autonomous mobile robot featuring plant disease
detection, growth monitoring and spraying mechanism for pesticide, fertilizer
and water to apply in agriculture or plant nursery. To realize this work we
provide a compact, portable and a well founded platform that can survey the
farmland automatically and also can identify disease and can examine the
growth of the plant and accordingly spray pesticide, fertilizer and water to the
plant. This approach will help farmers make right decisions by providing real-
time information about the plant and it’s environment using fundamental
principles of Internet, Sensor’s technology and Image processing.

1 INTRODUCTION

The main business of Indian people is agriculture and the economy of the
nation is decided by agriculture. The essential nutrients for plant growth are
commonly generates in its surroundings. The plant development process
depends on the conditions of the environment, where plant grows.

© Springer International Publishing AG 2016 743

J.M. Corchado Rodriguez et al. (eds.), Intelligent Systems Technologies
and Applications 2016, Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing 530,
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-47952-1_60
744 S. Sharma and R. Borse

The plant development process depends on the conditions of the

environment, where plant grows. The necessary parameters like, humidity,
light, moisture, ambient temperature and CO2 etc. are consists in the
environment. Deep understanding of all these factors and their relationships
can help the farmer to get much familiar with any of the potential problems
that will affect the health of the plants and thereby more appropriate and
accurate measures can be taken to get rid of these problems [5].
Temperature is one of the factor that influences the plant development
process the most. Each plant species presents a disparate temperature range
within which they can grow normally. Above of this range, the processes
required for plant’s life stop as the enzymes become inactive. The loss of
moisture from the plant is controlled by the humidity. As humidity increases
the plant’s development process will also get affected because fungal
diseases will spread rapidly and air will also become saturated with vapour
which will than restrict transpiration [5]. The productivity of the crop is also
affected by other major biological parameters such as pests, disease and soil.
Soil moisture is the key parameter which can be used to determine the right
time to irrigate and right amount of water to supply. These parameters can be
controlled by human beings for improvising the production of crop [14]. Robots
are increasingly taking over many operations from humans where repeatability
in routine task and precision in work are required and also the situation where
human operators are exposed to risk [10]. One of these tasks involves the
raising of crops in greenhouse, where most of the operations on the crop are
still performed manually by the human operators even though they are often
highly perpetual [10].The water content information of soil can be used to
automate the irrigation systems by using dielectric moisture sensors and
accordingly control the actuators for water, rather then having a fixed irrigation
schedule with specific duration [3]. Autonomous mobile robots are now
relegated as a part Precision Agriculture for optimizing field management task
of agriculture in order to enhance environment supervision, crop perception
and economics [11]. The proposed work explores the technology of wireless
sensors for remote real time monitoring of vital farm parameters like humidity,
environmental temperature and moisture content of the soil. We also employ
the technique of image processing for vision based automatic disease
detection on plant leaves. To realize this work we provide a compact, portable
and a well founded platform that can survey the farmland automatically and
also can identify disease and can examine the growth of the plant and
accordingly spray pesticide, fertilizer and water to the plant. This approach will
help farmers make right decisions.
The plant development process depends on the conditions of the
environment, where plant grows. The necessary parameters like, humidity,
light, moisture, ambient temperature and CO2 etc. are consists in the
environment. Deep understanding of all these factors and their relationships
can help the farmer to get much familiar with any of the potential problems
that will affect the health of the plants and thereby more appropriate and
accurate measures can be taken to get rid of these problems [5].

Sonal Sharma,
Sinhgad Academy of Engineering, Pune, India, e-mail:sonalsharma7381@gmail.com
Rushikesh Borse
Sinhgad Academy of Engineering, Pune, India, e-mail: rpborse.sae@sinhgad.edu