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12-1 - Thermo 01 - Notes

Mechanical Engineering (Colegio de San Juan de Letran)

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THERMODYNAMICS 01 So,
V2 V2
PSE MODULE 12.1 (SOLUTION) π  P 120
  ( kD )  2 D dD 
2
W= PdV = s s → where: k = =
s Ds 1
1. Water enters the heater at 25C and leaves at 80C. What is the V1 V1

temperature change in F ? V2 1.3

π   120  3
k ( D s 3 ) dDs =  ( Ds )dDs = 87.5 kJ
A. 55
B. 99 *
C. 21
D. 65
W=
2 
V1
2
1.0
 
1 

Solution : Ans. C
9 9
ΔF = ( ΔC ) = (80 - 25 ) = 99 F° 6. Convert specific heat of 0.23 Btu/lb-F to kJ/kg-K.
5 5 A. 1.036 C. 0.089
Ans. B B. 0.963* D. 0.722

Solution :
2. Find the enthalpy of Helium if its internal energy is 200 kJ/kg.
A. 144 kJ/kg C. 333.42 kJ/kg * Btu  4.187 kJ kg-k  kJ
B. 223.42 kJ/kg D. 166 kJ/kg 0.23   = 0.963
lb -°F  1Btu lb-°F  kg - k
Ans. B
Solution :

ΔH ΔH 7. An ideal gas with molecular weight of 7.1 kg/kg mol is compressed

k=  1.667 = from 600 kPa and 280 deg K to a final specific volume of 0.5 m3/kg.
ΔU 200 Calculate the work of compression in KJ/kg if the pressure given is
ΔH = 333.4 kJ kg 620 + 150V + 95V2?
Ans. C A.32.8 C.35.6
B.33.6 * D.28.7

3. A pressure gage registers 50 psig in a region where the barometer is Solution :

14.25 psia. Find the absolute pressure in psia.
A. 64.25 * C 151.325 V2 V2

  (620 +150V+ 95V ) dV

B. 443 D. 35.75
W = PdV = 2

Solution : V1 V1

Determining V1 :
P = Pg + Patm
abs
RT (8.314 7.1kJ kg-K )( 280 K )
P = 50 psig + 14.25 psia V1 = = = 0.5465 m3 kg
abs P 600 kPa
P = 64.25 psia 0.5
abs
Ans. A
W=
 ( 620 +150V+ 95V ) dV 2
= − 33.66 kJ kg
0.5465

4. A condenser vacuum gauge reads 715 mm Hg when the barometer Ans. B

stands at 757 mm Hg. What is the absolute pressure in the condenser in
kPa. 8. Air is compressed adiabatically from 30°C to 100°C. If mass of air
A. 196.25 kPa C. 5.60 kPa * being compressed is 5 kg. Find the change in entropy.
B. 100.92 kpa D. 95.33 kPa A. 1.039 kJ/°K C. 0 *
Solution : B. 0.746 kJ/°K D. 1.245 kJ/kg
Solution :
P = Patm + Pvac
abs Adiabatic: Δs = 0
 101.325 kPa  Ans. C
P = ( 757 mmHg - 715 mmHg )  
abs  760 mmHg 
P = 5.6 kPaa 9. One kilogram of water (Cp = 4.2 kJ / kg.K) is heated by 300 Btu of
abs
energy. What is the change in temperature, in K ?
Ans. C A. 17.9 K C. 73.8 K
B. 71.4 K D. 75.4 K *
5. An elastic sphere containing gas at 120 kPa has a diameter of 1.0 m. Solution :
Heating the sphere causes it to expand to a diameter of 1.3 m. During
Q = mcpΔT
the process the pressure is proportional to the sphere diameter.
Calculate the work done by the gas in KJ. 300 Btu (1.055kJ Btu ) = (1 kg )( 4.2 kJ kg - k )( ΔT )
A.41.7 C.87.5 *
ΔT = 75.4 k
B.30.6 D.55.4
Ans. D
Solution :
10. If the F scale is twice the C scale, what is the reading in the
P Ds  P = kD s Fahrenheit scale ?
4 D  π 3
3
4 A. 160 C. 140
Also: Vsphere = πr 3 = π  s  = D s B. 320 * D. 280
3 3  2  6
π 2
dVsphere = D dD s
2 s Solution :

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°F = 2°C k − n
Q = mCn ΔT where: Cn = Cv  
9
Note: °F = °C + 32
Alternate Solution: 1 − n 
5 Mode 32 n-1
9 x ( °C ) y ( °F ) T2  P2  n
2°C = °C + 32 = 
5 0 32 T1  P1 
°C = 160 °C 1.25−1
100 212
t 2 + 273  1 2 P1  1.25
°F = 320 °F = 
160y = 320 ( Twice ) 32 + 273  P1 
Ans. B
t 2 = − 7.482 °C
 kJ   1.4 − 1.25 
11. What is the lifting force in kN for a 10 m diameter spherical balloon Q = (1 kg )  0.7186   ( −7.482 − 32 ) K= 17.023 kJ
with helium inside at 101 kPa and 320 K surrounded by air at 101 Kpa  kg-K   1 − 1.25 
and 298.15 K ? Ans. C
A. 17.38 kN C. 18.73 kN
B. 5.28 kN * D. 8.25 kN
15. The following expressions relate to a particular gaseous mass: PV =
Solution : 95T, h = 120 + 0.60T where these units obtain in psf, V in ft3/lb, T in
Fnet = BF − Wg =  air Vballon − mballon g = Vg (  air −  He ) R and h in Btu/lb. If the specific heats are temperature dependent
only, find Cp and Cv.
where: A. 0.6 Btu/lbR, 0.48 Btu/lb *
air 101 kPa B. 0.60 Btu/lbR, 0.7 Btu/lbR
air = = = 1.18 kg m3
R T  kJ  C. 0.5 Btu/lbR, 0.50 Btu/lbR
air air  0.287  ( 298.15 K ) D. 0.50 Btu/lbR, 0.48 Btu/lbR
 kg-K 
ρ He 101 kPa Solution :
ρ He = = = 0.1519 kg m3
R HeTHe  kJ  Comparing to PV = RT, and h = CpΔT
 8.314 kg-K 
  ( 320 K ) R= 95 and Cp = 0.60 Btu lb-°F
 4  Thus,
 
  ft-lbf
3 95
 4  D  Btu lbm -°F
Fnet =  π   ( g ) ( ρ air − ρ He ) Cv = Cp - R = 0.60 -
 3  2  lb -°F 778 ft - lbf
3 1Btu
 4  10 m 
Fnet =  π 
 3  2 
( 2 
)
kg 
 9.81m s 1.18 − 0.1519 3 
 m 
= 0.48
Btu
lb -°F
Fnet = 5282.80 N = 5.28 kN Ans. A
Ans. B
16. Calculate the change in enthalpy as 1 kg of nitrogen is heated from
1000 K to 1500 K, assuming the nitrogen is an ideal gas at a constant
12. If a block of copper weighing 0.50 lb is dropped from a height of 100 pressure. The temperature dependent specific heat of nitrogen is C p =
ft into the tank, what is the change in internal energy of the water? 39.06 – 512.79 T-1.5 + 1072.7 T-2 – 820.4T-3 where Cp is in kJ/kg-mol,
A. 0.08575 Btu C. 0.09543 Btu and T is in K.
B. 0.0645 Btu * D. 0.0465 Btu A. 600 kJ C. 800 kJ
B. 697.27 kJ * D. 897.27 kJ
Solution :
Solution :
mgΔz
ΔU = ΔPE where: ΔPE =
k T2

( 0.50 lbm ) ( 32.2 ft s2 ) (100 ft ) 

ΔH = C p dT
ΔU = = 0.06427 Btu
 lb m -ft   ft-lbf  T1
 32.2 2 
778  1500
   Btu 
 (39.06 - 512.79T + 1072.7 T −2 − 820.4T −3 ) dT
lb -s
f
ΔH = −1.5

Ans. B 1000

kJ  1 kgmol 
ΔH = 19524.406   (1kg )
13. Convert water pressure of 50 kN/m2 in equivalent meter – head of kgmol  28 kg 
water. ΔH = 697.3 kJ
A. 5.1 * C. 7.1
B. 6.1 D. 4.1 Ans. B

Solution : 17. For a certain ideal gas, R = 0.277 kJ/kg-K and k = 1.384. What are the
values of Cp and Cv ?
2 A. 0.9984 kJ/kg-K, 0.7213 kJ/kg-K *
P 50 kN m
h= = = 5.1 m B. 0.7124 kJ/kg-K, 0.8124 kJ/kg-K
 9.81kN m 2 C. 1 kJ/kg-K , 0.8124 kJ/kg-K
Ans. A D. 0.9984 kJ/kg-K, 0.6124 kJ/kg-K
Solution :
14. Consider 1 kg of air at 32°C that expanded by a reversible polytropic
process with n = 1.25 until the pressure is halved. Determine the heat kR 1.384 ( 0.277 )
transfer. Specific heat at constant volume for air is 0.7186 kJ/kg.K. Cp = = = 0.9984 kJ kg-K
k −1 1.384 − 1
A. 17.02 kJ heat rejected C. 17.02 kJ heat added *
B. 7.07 kJ heat rejected D. 7.07 kJ heat added R 0.277
Cv = = = 0.7214 kJ kg-K
k − 1 1.38401
Solution : Ans. A

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18. An air with mass of 0.454 kg and an unknown mass of CO2 occupy an  Btu 
85 liters tank at 2068.44 Kpaa. If the partial pressure of the CO 2 is Δh = CpΔT =  0.2483  ( 200 − 500 °R )
 lbm − °R 
344.74 kPaa, determine its mass.
Btu
A. 0.138 kg * C. 0.183 kg Δh = − 74.49
B. 0.238 kg D. 0.283 kg lbm
Ans. A
Solution :
23. What is the resulting pressure when one pound of air at 15 psia and
P n
co2 = co2 → where: n = m 200 F is heated at constant volume to 800F ?
P n MW A. 15 psia C. 36.4 psia
AIR AIR
B. 28.6 psia * D. 52.1 psia
P m MW
co2 = co2 co2
P m MW Solution :
AIR AIR AIR
344.74 mCO2 44 P1 P
= = 2
2068.44 − 344.74 0.454 kg/29 T1 T2
mCO2 = 0.138 kg 15 psia P2
=
200 + 460 800 + 460
Ans. A P2 = 28.64 psia

19. After series of state changes, the pressure and volume of 2.286 kg of Ans. B
Nitrogen (Cp = 1.0414 kJ/kg-K and Cv = 0.7442 kJ/kg-K) are each
doubled. What is S ? 24. What horsepower is required to isothermally compress 800 ft 3 of air
A. 2.807 kJ/kg-K * C. 2.987 kJ/kg-K per minute from 14.7 psia to 120 psia?
B. 2.268 kJ/kg-K D. 3.407 kJ/kg-K A. 28 hp C. 256 hp
B. 108 hp * D. 17,000hp
Solution :
Solution :
V  P 
Δs = mCp ln  2  + mC vln  2  W = P1V1 ln ( P1 P2 )
V  P 
 1  1
 ft 3   14.7   144 in 2  
Δs = 2.268 (1.0414 ) ln 2 + 2.268 ( 0.7442 ) ln 2 W = (14.7psia )  800  ln   x  
 min   120   1ft 2  
Δs = 2.8071 kJ/kg-K
ft - lbf  1hp 
Ans. A W = -3555621.56   = -107.75 hp
min  33000ft - lbf min 
20. The specific gas constant of oxygen is R = 0.25983 kJ/kgK. If a 2 m3 Ans. B
tank contains 40 kg of oxygen at 40 °C, what is the gage pressure in
the tank?
25. How much work is necessary to compress air in an insulated cylinder
A. 61 kPa C. 110 kPa
B. 160 kPa D. 1.53 MPa * from 0.20 m3 to 0.01 m3 . Use T1 = 20C and P1 = 100 kPa
A. 113.4 kJ C. 110.1 kJ
B. 121.4 kJ D. 115.7 kJ *
Solution :
Solution :
PV = mRT
Determining P ,
)
2
( )( 
Pg + 101.325 kPa 2m3 = ( 40 kg )  0.25983

kJ 
 ( 40 + 273 K )
kg - k  P Vk = P Vk
1 1 2 2

(0.20 m3 ) ( )
 1 mPa  1.4 1.4
Pg = 1525.21 kPa   = 1.53 mPa (100 kPa ) = P 0.01m3
2
 1000 kPa 
P = 6628.91 kPa
Ans. D 2
1 1 = ( 6628.91)( 0.01) − (100 )( 0.20 ) = − 115.72 kJ
P V − PV
W= 2 2
21. A gas bubble rising from the ocean floor is 1 inch in diameter at a 1− k 1 − 1.4
depth of 50 feet. Given that sp. gr. of seawater is 1.03, the buoyant Ans. D
force in lbs being exerted on the bubble at this instant is nearest to:
A. 0.014 C.0.076 26. A heat engine is operated between temperature limits of 1370C and
B. 0.020 * D.0.14 260C. Engine is supplied with 14,142 kJ/kwh. Find the Carnot cycle
Solution : efficiency in percent.
A. 70.10 C. 67.56 *
BF = Wdisplaced B. 65.05 D. 69.32

( )
BF =  V = ( SG )  H O V
2
→ where: V =
4 3
3
πr Solution :

 lb   4  0.5 
3
T
BF = (1.03)  62.4 3   π  ft  = 0.0195 lb e = 1− L = 1−
260 + 273
= 0.6756  67.56%
 ft   3  12  TH 1370 + 273
Ans. B
Ans. C

22. Determine the change in enthalpy per Ibm of nitrogen gas as its 27. A closed vessel contains air at a pressure of 160 kN/m2 gauge and
temperature changes from 500 F to 200 F. ( Cp = 0.2483 Btu / Ibm- temperature of 30C . The air is heated at constant volume to 60C
R) with the atmospheric pressure of 759 mm Hg. What is the final gauge
A. -74.49 Btu/Ibm * C. -68.47 Btu/Ibm pressure ?
B. -72.68 Btu/Ibm D. -84.48 Btu/Ibm A. 174 C. 167
B. 186 * D. 172
Solution :
Solution :

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P P 32. A Steam expands adiabatically in a turbine from 2000 kPa, 400C to

1 = 2
T T 400 kPa, 250C. What is the effectiveness of the process in percent
1 2 assuming an atmospheric temperature of 15C. Neglect changes in
 759   759 
 (101.325 kPa ) P2 +   (101.325 kPa )
160 kPa +  kinetic and potential energy.
 760  =  760  Properties of steam:
30 + 273 K 60 + 273 K At 2000 kPa and 400C ( h = 3 247.6 kJ/kg, S = 7.1271 kJ/kg-K)
P = 185.86 kPa and at 400 kPa and 250C ( h = 2 964.2 kJ/kg , S = 7.3789 kJ/kg-
2
Ans. B K)

28. What is the temperature in C of 2 liters of water at 30C after 500 A. 82 C. 80 *

Calories of heat have been added ? B. 84 D. 86
A. 35.70 C. 38 Solution :
B. 30.25 * D. 39.75
Δh
∈=
Solution : Δh − TΔs
3247.6 − 2964.2
∈=
( 3247.6 − 2964.2 ) − (15 + 273)( 7.1271 − 7.3789 )
(
Q = mC T − T
2 1 ) where: m =  V
∈ = 79.625%
(
500 Cal = (1000g L )( 2L )(1cal g-K ) T − 30
2 ) Ans. C
T = 30.25°C
2 33. Steam enters the superheaters of a boiler at a pressure of 25 bar and
Ans. B dryness of 0.98 and leaves at the same pressure at a temperature of
370C. Calculate the heat energy supplied in the superheaters.
29. A volume of 450 cm3 of air is measured at a pressure of 740 mm Hg Properties of steam:
absolute and a temperature of 20C. What is the volume in cm3 at 760 At 25 bar and 370C ( h = 3171.8 kJ/kg ) and at 25 bar and 0.98 dryness
mm Hg absolute and 0C ? ( hf = 962.11 kJ/kg , hfg = 1841.01 kJ/kg ).
A. 516.12 C. 620.76
B. 408.25 * D. 375.85 A. 407.46 C. 405.51 *
Solution : B. 408.57 D. 406.54
Solution :
PV P V
1 1= 2 2
T T
1 2 Q = h −h → where: h = h + xh
( ) = (760 mmHgabs) V2
1 4 4 f fg
( 740 mmHgabs ) 450 cm3 h = 962.11 + 0.98 (1841.01) kJ kg
4
20 + 273 K 0 + 273 K h = 2766.3kJ kg
4
V = 408.25 cm3
2 Q = 3171.8 − 2766.3 = 405.5kJ kg
Ans. B Ans. C

30. Assuming compression is according to the law PV = constant.

Calculate the initial volume of gas at a pressure of 2 bar which will 34. The thermal efficiency of a particular engine operating on an ideal
occupy a volume of 6 m3 when it is compressed to a pressure of 42 cycle is 35%. Calculate the heat supplied per 1200 watt-hr of work
bar. developed in kJ.
A. 126 m3 * C. 130 m3 A. 12 343 * C. 14 218
B. 120 m3 D. 136 m3 B. 10 216 D. 11 108

Solution : Solution :

PV =P V
1 1 2 2 ( )
 ( 42 bar ) 6m3 = ( 2 bar ) V
2 ( ) e=
Wnet

3 Qs
V = 126 m
2 1200 W - hr  3600 s  1 kJ 
0.35 =   
Ans. A Q  1hr  1000 J 
Q = 12 342.86 kJ
31. A steam condenser receives 10 kg per second of steam with an Ans. A
enthalpy of 2,570 kJ/kg . Steam condenses into liquid and leaves with
an enthalpy of 160 kJ/kg. Cooling water passes through the condenser
with temperature increases from 13C to 24C. Calculate the cooling 35. Determine the average Cp value in kJ/kg-K of a gas if 522 kJ of heat is
water flowrate in kg/s. necessary to raise the temperature from 300 K to 800 K making the
A. 533 C. 523 * pressure constant.
B. 518 D. 528 A. 1.440 C. 1.038
B. 1.044 * D. 1.026
Solution :
Solution :
Q = Qwater
( )
cond
Q = mCp ( ΔT )  522 kJ = (1 kg ) Cp (800 − 300 ) K
( )
ms h − h = mw C t
1 2
−t(
2w 1w ) kJ
kg  kJ   kJ  Cp = 1.044
 ( 24 − 13 ) K
10  2570 -160  = m w  4.187 kg - K
s  kg   kg -K
Ans. B
mw = 523.26 kg s
Ans. C 36. A perfect gas has a value of R = 58.8 ft-lb/lb-°R and k = 1.26. If 20
Btu are added to 10 lbs of the gas at constant volume when initial
temperature is 90°F, find the final temperature.
A. 97°F * C. 144°F
B. 107°F D. 175°F

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Solution : Finding n from PV n = C :

P Vn = P Vn
f (
Q = mc v t − t
i ) 1 1
n
2 2
( 2070 kPa )(170 ) = ( 275 kPa )(850 )
n
R 58.8 ft - lbf
where: C v = = = 226.154 n = 1.2542
k − 1 1.26 − 1 lbm -°R
P V − PV
 778 ft - lbf 
20 Btu 
 Btu

 = 10 lbs  226.154
 
ft - lbf 
lbm -°R  f
 t − 90°F ( ) W= 2 2
1− n
1 1

t = 96.88°F ( 275 kPaa )(850 ) − ( 2070 kPaa )(170 )

( )
f W=
1000 /m3 (1 − 1.2542 )
Ans. A
W = 464.82 kJ
37. If atmospheric air 14.7 psia and 60F at sea level, what is the pressure Ans. A
at 12000 ft altitude if air is compressible. Note: @ 60F ; the density of
air is 0.0763 lbm/ft3 ; P1 = 14.7 psia 41. Air is flowing through a 100 mm I.D. pipe at the rate of 6 kg/min. The
A. 5.467 psia C. 8.342 psia air pressure and temperature are 500 kPa and 30 C respectively. Find
B. 9.53 psia * D. 2.346 psia the velocity of the air in m/s.
Solution : A. 3.81 C. 2.18 *
B. 2.81 D. 3.18
Δh Solution :
P = P e RT
1 2 V = A → where: V is determined from PV = mRT
12000 ft
(53.342)(60 + 460)  kJ   1 min 
14.7 psia = P e
2 ( 500 kPa ) V = ( 6 kg min )  0.287  (30 + 273 K )  
 kg-K   60 s 
P = 9.54 psia
2
V = 0.0174 m3 s
Ans. B
Then,
and at a temperature of 800 R, 2
38. If air is at a pressure of 3200 lb/ft2 π  100 mm 
what is the specific volume? 0.0174 m3 s =   
4  1000 mm/m 
A. 9.8 ft3 /lb C. 11.2 ft3 /lb
B. 13.33 ft3 /lb * D. 15.8 ft3 /lb
 = 2.214 m s
Ans. C
Solution :

PV = RT 42. A quantity of 55 m3 of water passes through a heat exchanger and

( )
3200lb ft 2 ( V ) = 53.342
lbf - ft
lbm -°R
(800 °R ) absorbs 2,800,000 kJ. The exit temperature is 95 C. The entrance
water temperature in C is nearest to
V = 13.34ft 3 lbm A. 49 C. 68
B. 56 D. 83 *
Ans. B
Solution :

39. Given 280 liters of a gas at 63.5 cm Hg. The gas has a specific heat at Q = mCΔT where : m = ρV

( 
)( kJ 
)
constant pressure of 0.847 kJ/kg K and a specific heat at constant
volume of 0.659 kJ/kg K. Which of the following most nearly equals 2 800 000 kJ = 1000 kg m3 55 m3  4.187  ( 95 − t )
the volume the gas would occupy at a final pressure of 5 atm if the  kg °C 
process is adiabatic? t = 82.84 °C
A. 62 liters C. 77 liters Ans. D
B. 70 liters * D. 82 liters
43. A gas company buys gas at 620 kPa gauge and 24 C and sells it at
Solution : 9.65 cm of water pressure and –2 C. Disregarding the losses in the
distribution, which of the following most nearly equals the number of
cubic meters sold for each cubic meter purchased?
P V k = P Vk A. 2.3 C. 6.4 *
1 1 2 2
Cp 0.847 B. 4.1 D. 7.1
where: k = = = 1.2853
Cv 0.659
Solution :
 76 cmHg  1.2853
( 63.5 cmHg )( 280 )
1.2853

=  5atm x V  mRT 
 1atm 
 P 
V = 69.6 m3sold  sold
=
m 3  mRT 
Ans. B purchased  P 
 purchased
40. If 0.5 kg of nitrogen with an initial volume of 170 liters and a pressure Then,
of 2,070 kPaa expand in accordance with the law PVn = constant to a -2 + 273 k
final volume of 850 liters and a pressure of 275 kPaa, which of the  kN   9.65 cm 
following most nearly equals the work done by the gas? m3  9.81 3    +101.325 kPa
A. 465 kJ * C. 481 kJ sold =  m  100cm m 
B. 472 kJ D. 489 kJ m3 24 + 273 k
purchased 620 kPa + 101.325 kPa
Solution : Thus,
m3
sold = 6.44
m 3
purchased
Ans. C

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44. A closed container of helium dropped from a balloon 4 km above. Find PV = mRT
the temperature difference when the container hits the ground.  2
A. 18.6 C
B. 24.5 C
C. 12.6 C *
D. 30.2 C
( 2200 +14.7 psia ) ( 2.3 ft3 )  144ft2in 

 1545 lbf-ft 
 = m
 32 lbm-°R 
 ( 70 + 460°R )

Solution : m = 28.665 lbm

Ans. C
ΔU = ΔPE
R R 49. How many gallons per minute of cooling water are required to
mc vΔT = mgΔz where Cv = = removed 100,000 kJ/hr of heat from a diesel engine if the designed
k -1 MW ( k - 1)
temperature rise of the water is 20 °C?
8.314 A. 2.56 C. 5.26 *
Cv = = 3.1162
4 (1.667 - 1) B. 6.25 D. 4.25
Then,
Solution :
( 9.81m s2 ) ( 4 km ) 1000
 m 
   Q = mcpΔT where m = ρV
kJ  km 
 3.116 ( ΔT = )
 kg-k  1000 J kJ kJ  lbm   0.454 kg   kJ   60 min 
100000 =  8.33   ( V )  4.187  ( 20K )  
ΔT = 12.59°C hr  gal   1 lbm   kg - k   1 hr 
Ans. C V = 5.263 gpm
Ans. C
45. In a particular cycle, 350 MJ of heat are transferred into the system
each cycle. The heat transferred out the system is 297.5 MJ per cycle. 50. Twenty grams of oxygen gas (O2) are compressed at a constant
What is the thermal efficiency of the cycle? temperature of 30 C to 5  of their original volume. What work is
A. 1.6% C. 5.0% done on the system ?
B. 7.5% D. 15% * A. 824 Cal C. 944 Cal
Solution : B. 1124 Cal * D. 1144 Cal
Solution :
Q − Qout 350 − 297.5 V 
e t = in = = 0.15 W = mRT1 ln  2 
Q
in
350  V1 
Ans. D  kJ 
8.314
 20 g   kg-K   0.05 V1 
W =   ( 30 + 273 k ) ln  
 1000g kg   32   V1 
46. Steam flows into a turbine at the rate of 10 kg/s and 10 kW of heat are  
lost from the turbine. Ignoring elevation and kinetic energy effects,  
calculate the power output from the turbine.  1 kcal 
W = - 4.72 kJ  
Note: h1 = 2739.0 kJ/kg and h2 = 2300.5 kJ/kg  4.187 kJ 
W =-1.1265 kcal = -1126.5 cal
A. 4605 kW C. 4375 kW *
B. 4973 kW D. 4000 kW Ans. B

Solution : 51. A certain mass of gas having an initial pressure of 17,237 kPa and an
initial volume of 0.057 m3 is expanded isothermally to volume of
P = ms ( Δh ) - QL
0 0.113 m3. What is the work done by the gas in kJ?
P = (10 kg s )( 2739 - 2300.5 kJ kg ) - 10 kW A. 500 C. 672 *
0
B. 564 D. 600
P = 4375 kW
0
Solution :
Ans. C
V 
47. The enthalpy of air is increased by 139.586 kJ/kg in a compressor. The 1 1 V 
 1
(
 0.113 
W = P V ln  2  = (17237 kPa ) 0.057m3 ln  
 0.057 
)
rate of air flow is 16.42 kg/min. The power input is 48.2 kW. Which of
W = 672.37 kJ
the following values most nearly equals the heat loss from the
compressor in kW? Ans. C
A. – 10 * C. –9.95
B. 10.2 D. 9.95
52. Air having an initial pressure of 6,516 kPa and an initial volume of
Solution : 0.113 m3 is compressed adiabatically to a final volume of 0.057 m3 .
Calculate the work done by the gas as it compresses to a final pressure
Q = ΔH + W of 17, 237 kPa.
A. - 615.5 kJ * C. -157.9 kJ
kg  kJ   1 min 
Q = 16.42 139.586   - 48.2 kW B. - 197.5 kJ D. - 179.5 kJ
min  kg   60 s 
Solution :
Q = -10 kW
Ans. A P V − PV
W = 2 2 1 1
48. An oxygen cylinder of volume 2.3 ft3 has a pressure of 2200 psig and 1− k
is at 70F. Determine the mass of oxygen in the cylinder.
A. 26.66 lbs C. 28.66 lbs * W =
(17237 kPa ) (0.057 m3 ) − (6516 kPa ) (0.113 m3 )
B. 26.86 lbs D. 28.88 lbs 1 − 1.4
W = − 615.5025 kJ
Solution :
Ans. A

53. Gas is enclosed in a cylinder with a weighted piston as the top

boundary. The gas is heated and expands from a volume of 0.04 m3 to
0.10 m3 at a constant pressure of 200 kPa. Calculate the work done by
the system.

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A. 8 kJ C. 12 kJ * T = 454.67°R
2
B. 10 kJ D. 14 kJ
Converting to K,
Solution : T = 454.67°R = 252.26 K
2

( ) (
W = P V − V = 200 kPa 0.10 m3 − 0.04 m3 = 12 kJ
2 1 ) Ans. D

Ans. C
58. With three different quantities x, y, and z of the same kind of liquid
of temperatures 9, 21 and 38C respectively, it is found that when x
54. Gas is enclosed in a cylinder with a weighted piston as the top and y are mixed together the resultant temperature is 17C and when y
boundary. The gas is heated and expands from a volume of 0.04 m3 to and z are mixed together the resultant temperature is 28C. Find the
0.10 m3 . The pressure varies such that PV = constant, and the initial resultant temperature if x and z were mixed.
pressure is 200 kPa. Calculate the work done by the system.
A. 29.87C C. 20.85C
A. 6.80 kJ C. 9.59 kJ
B. 25.92C* D. 24.86C
B. 7.33 kJ * D. 17.33 kJ
Solution : Solution :
V   0.10 
W = P V ln  2  = ( 200 kPa ) ( 0.04 m3 ) ln   = 7.33 kJ Mixture of x and y: Q x = Qy
1 1 V   0.04 
 1
m x (17 − 9 ) = ( 21 − 17 ) m y
Ans. B
m x = 0.5m y → ①
Mixture of y and z: Q y = Qz
55. Nitrogen is expanded isentropically. Its temperature changes from 620
F to 60 F. Find the pressure ratio (p1 / p2). m y ( 28 − 21) = ( 38 − 28 ) m z
A. 0.08 C. 26.2
B. 12.9 * D. 3547 mz = 0.70m y → ②

Solution : Mixture of x and z: Q x = Qz

m x ( t − 9 ) = mz ( 38 − t )
k-1
T P k 0.5m y ( t − 9 ) = 0.70m y ( 38 − t )
1 = 1  → note : k N 2 = 1.399 1.4
T P  t = 25.92C
2  2
1.4 -1 Ans. B
620 + 460  P1  1.4
= 
60 + 460  P  59. An air bubble rises from the bottom of a well where the temperature is
 2
25C, to the surface where the temperature is 27C. Find the percent
P increase in the volume of the bubble if the depth of the well is 5 m.
1 = 12.91
P
2
Atmospheric pressure is 101,528 Pascals.
A. 49.3 * C. 41.3
Ans. B B. 56.7 D. 38.6

56. An engine takes in 11,000 Btu/min of heat from a hot body while Solution :
giving an output of 110 hp. What is the thermal efficiency of this V − V
engine? %V = 2 1
A. 44.2 C. 52.4 V
1
B. 42.4 * D. 54.2
where : V =
( 0.287 kJ kg - K )( 25 + 273) K = 0.568m3 kg
Solution :
1 (101.528 + 9.81(5) kPa )
V =
( 0.287 kJ kg-K )( 27 + 273k ) = 0.848m3 kg
W
e t = out =
(110 hp )( 33000ft-lb hp-min ) 2 101.528 kPa
 Btu  0.848 − 0.568
= 0.4931  49.31%
 ( 778ft-lb Btu )
W %V =
in 11000 0.568
 min 
e t = 0.4242  42.42% Ans. A

Ans. B 60. An ideal gas is 45 psig and 80F is heated in a closed container to
130F. What is the final pressure?
57. Air expanded adiabatically from an initial absolute pressure of 31026 A. 54 psia C. 75 psia
kPa to a final absolute pressure of 1705 psi. If the initial temperature of B. 65 psia * D. 43 psia
the air is 600 R, calculate its final temperature. Solution :
A. 455 R C. 252.6 R
B. 252.6 K D. A and B *
P P 45 + 14.7 P
Solution : 1= 2  = 2
T T 80 + 460 130 + 460
1 2
k-1 P = 65.23 psia
2
T P  k
2 = 2  Ans. B
T P 
1  1
1.4-1 61. A large mining company was provided with a 3000 cm3 of compressed
 101.325 kPa  1.4 air tank. Air pressure in the tank drops from 700 kPa to 180 kPa while
T  1705 psi . 14.7 psia 
2 =  the temperature remains unchanged at 28C. What percentage has the
600°R  31026 kpa  mass of air in the tank been reduced ?
 
  A. 74 * C. 76
B. 72 D. 78

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Solution : 65. If 6 liters of a gas at a pressure of 100 kPaa are compressed reversibly
according to PV2 = C, until the volume becomes 2 liters. Find the final
m −m pressure.
%m= 1 2 A. 600 kPaa C. 900 kPaa *
m B. 800 kPaa D. 1000 kPaa
1
 1m  
3

( 700 kPa ) 3000 cm3x 

Solution :
 
PV   100 cm  
m = 1 1= = 0.02431 kg P V2 = P V2
1 RT  kJ  1 1 2 2
1  0.287  ( 28+273 K ) 2 2
 kg-K  (100 kPa )( 6 L ) = P2 ( 2 L )
 1m  
3

(180 kPa ) 3000 cm3x 

P = 900 kPa
  2
P V   100 cm  
m = 2 2 = = 0.006251 kg Ans. C
2 RT
2 ( 0.287 kJ kg-K )( 28 + 273 K )
0.02431 − 0.006251
%m= = 0.743  74.3% 66. If 10 lbs of water evaporated at atmospheric pressure until a volume of
0.02431 288.5 ft3 is occupied, how much work is done?
Ans. A A. 610,358 ft-lb C. – 610,358 ft-lb *
B. 0 D. 550,000 ft-lb
62. A closed vessel contains air at a pressure of 140 Kpag and temperature
of 20C. Find the final gauge pressure if the air is heated at constant
volume to 40C. Take the atmospheric pressure as 759 mm Hg. Solution :
A. 156.46 * C. 136.46
B. 146.46 D. 126.46 (
W = P V −V
2 1 ) At 14.7 psia,
Solution :
lb  in 2  
W = 14.7  144  288.5 − (10 )( 0.016714 ) ft3 
 
P P
2
in  ft 2  
1= 2
T T W = 610343 ft-lbf ( on )
1 2
Ans. C
 101.325 kPa   101.325 
140 kPag + 759 mmHg   Pg + 759   kPa
 760 mmHg  = 2  760 
( 20 + 273) K ( 40 + 273) K 67. What pressure is column of water 100 cm high equivalent to ?
A. 9807 dynes/cm2 C. 0.10 Bar
Pg = 156.46 kPag B. 9807 N/m2 D. 9810 N/m2*
2

Ans. A
Solution :
63. Water substance at 70 bar and 65C enters a boiler tube of constant
inside diameter of 25 mm. The water leaves the boiler tube at 50 bar  100 cm 
P =  h = 9.81kN m3  
and 700K at velocity of 100 m/s. Calculate the inlet volume flow in  100cm m 
li./sec. At 70 bar & 65C, 1 = 0.001017 m3/kg, at 50 bar & 700 K, 2
= 0.06081 m3/kg. P = 9810 N m 2
A. 0.75 C. 0.82 * Ans. D
B. 0.64 D. 0.96
Solution : 68. Work done by a substance in reversible nonflow manner in accordance
with V = 100/P ft3, where P is in psia. Evaluate the work done on or
by the substance as the pressure increases from 10 psia to 100 psia.
ρ A υ =ρ A υ A. 33 157.22 ft-lb C. 43 157.22 ft-lb
1 11 2 2 2
υ υ B. –33 157.22 ft-lb* D. – 43, 157.22 ft-lb
1 = 2
v v Solution :
1 2
υ 100
1 = At P = 10 psia, V = 10 ft 3
0.001017 0.06081 1 1
υ = 1.67 m s At P = 100 psia, V = 1ft 3
1 2 2
π π 2  1000 L 
V = A υ = D2 υ = ( 0.025 m ) (1.67 m s ) 
1
 100   144 
11 4 1 1 4
 1 m3 
 W= 
10
  
 V   1 
 dV = −33,157.22 ft-lb
V = 0.821m3 s
Ans. B
Ans. C
69. Assume 8 lb of a substance receive 240 Btu of heat at constant volume
64. Determine the average constant pressure specific heat of steam at 10 and undergo a temperature change of 150F. Determine the average
kPa and 45.8C. Note: From steam table, at 47.7C, h = 2588.1 kJ/kg specific heat of the substance during the process.
and at 43.8C, h = 2581.1 kJ/kg. A. 0.5 Btu/lbF C. 0.40 Btu/lbF
A. 1.79 kJ/kgC * C. 30.57 kJ/kgC B. 0.3 Btu/lbF D. 0.20 Btu/lbF *
B. 10.28 kJ/kgC D. 100.1 kJ/kgC
Solution :
Solution :

Δh 2588.1- 2581.1 Q = mCvΔT

Cp = =
Δt 47.7- 43.8 240 Btu = (8 lb ) ( C v ) (150°F )
Cp = 1.795kJ kg -K
Btu
C v = 0.2
Ans. A lb-°F
Ans. D

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70. Determine the specific weight of air at 760 mmHg absolute and 22°C. Solution :
A. 1.134 kg/m3 C. 1.197 kg/m3 *
B. 1.416 kg/m3 D. 1.276 kg/m3 W = RTln V V
2 1 ( )
→ Note: V = V
2 4 1
1

Solution : 1 V 
 Btu 
 ( 68 + 460 °R ) ln 
W =  0.4968 4 1
 lbm-°R  V 
P = ρRT  1 
 101.325 kPa   kJ  W = - 363.64 Btu lbm
760 mmHg   = ρ  0.287  ( 22 + 273 ) K
 760 mmHg   kg-K  Ans. A
ρ = 1.20 kg m 3
76. Twenty grams of oxygen gas (O2) are compressed at a constant
Ans. C temperature of 30C to 5% of their original volume. What work is
done on the system? Use R of air , 0.0619 Cal/gm-K
A. 824 Cal C. 944 Cal
71. A one cubic container contains a mixture of gases composed of 0.02
B. 924 Cal D. 1124 Cal *
kg-mol of oxygen and 0.04 kg-mol of helium at a pressure of 220 kPa.
What is the temperature of this ideal gas mixture in degrees Kelvin? Solution :
A.441 * C.404
B.450 D.360
W =  PdV = mRTln V V
2 1 ( )
Solution :
 Cal 
W = ( 20 g )  0.0619  ( 30 + 273) ln ( 0.05 )
PV = nRT  g-K 
W = -1123.74 Cal
( 220 kPa ) (1m3 ) = ( 0.02 + 0.04 kgmol )  8.314
kJ 
 (T ) Ans. D
 kmol-K 
T = 441 K
77. Gas is enclosed in a cylinder with a weighted piston as the top
Ans. A boundary. The gas is heated and expands from a volume of 0.04 m3 to
0.10 m3 at a constant pressure of 200 kPa. Calculate the work done by
72. A pressure gage registers 50 psig in a region where the barometer the system.
reads 14.8 psia. Find the absolute pressure in kPa. A. 8 kJ C. 12 kJ *
A. 766.66 kPa C. 446.66 kPa * B. 10 kJ D. 14 kJ
B. 558.66 kPa D. 326.66 kPa Solution :

Solution : (
W = PΔV = 200 kPa 0.10 − 0.04 m3 )
Pa = Pg + Patm W = 12 kJ
Ans. C
 101.325 
Pa = ( 50 +14.8 )   kPa
 14.7  78. A piston-cylinder system contains a gas which expands under a
Pa = 446.66 kPa constant pressure of 1200 lb/ft2. If the piston is displaced 1 ft during
Ans. C the process, and the piston diameter is 2 ft. What is the work done by
the gas on the piston ?
73. 10 BTU (10 kJ) are transferred in a process where a piston compresses a A. 1768 ft-lb C. 3768 ft-lb *
spring and in so doing does 1500 ft-Ibf ( 2000 J) of work. Find the change B. 2387 ft-lb D. 4000 ft-lb
in internal energy of the system. Solution :
A. 8 kJ * C. 21 kJ
B. 12 kJ D. 5 kJ
W =  PdV = PΔV = PAΔL
Solution :  lbf   π  2
W = 1200    ( 2 ft ) (1 ft )
 ft 2   4 
Q = U + W
W = 3769.91 ft-lb
U = Q − W = 10 − 2 = 8kJ
Ans. C
Ans. A
79. Gas is enclosed in a cylinder with a weighted piston as the top
74. Find the change in internal energy of 5 lb of oxygen gas when the boundary. The gas is heated and expands from a volume of 0.04 m3 to
temperature changes from 100 F to 120 F. Use Cv = 0.157 Btu/lb R. 0.10 m3. The pressure varies such that PV = constant and the initial
A. 14.7 Btu C. 16.8 Btu pressure is 200 kPa. Calculate the work done by the system.
B. 15.7 Btu * D. 147 Btu A. 6.80 kJ C. 9.59 kJ
B. 7.33 kJ* D. 12 kJ
Solution : Solution :

ΔU = mC vΔT  0.10 
= ( 200 kPa ) ( 0.04 m 3 ) ln 
V2
 Btu 
W = P1V2 ln 
ΔU = ( 5 lb )  0.157  0.04 
 (120 - 100°R )
V1
 lb-°R  W = 7.33 kJ
ΔU = 15.7 Btu
Ans. B
Ans. B
80. Ammonia weighing 22 kg is confined inside a cylinder equipped with
75. Helium (R = 0.4968 Btu/lbmR) is compressed isothermally from 14.7 a piston has an initial pressure of 413 kPa at 38C. If 2900 kJ of heat
psia and 68F. The compression ratio is 4. Calculate the work done by is added to the ammonia until its pressure and temperature are 413 kPa
the gas. and 100C, respectively. What is the amount of work done by the fluid
A. – 364 Btu/lbm * C. – 187 Btu/lbm in kJ ?
B. – 145 Btu/lbm D. – 46.7 Btu/lbm A. 667 * C. 420
B. 304 D. 502

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Solution : Solution :

( )
W = P V − V = mR T − T
2 1 2 1 ( ) V 
Δs = Rln  2  where V =1 4 V
 8.314 kJ  V  2 1
W = 22 kg   (100 - 38 ) K = 667.08 kJ  1
 3 + 14 kg - K 
 Btu   1 
Ans. A Δs =  0.4961  n 
 lb -°R   4 
Δs = -0.688Btu lb -°R
81. What is the total required heating energy in raising the temperature of
a given amount of water when the energy supplied is 1000 kwh with Ans. A
heat losses of 25% ?
A. 1000 C. 1333 * 86. Steam at the rate of 500 kg/hr is produced by a steady flow system
B. 1500 D. 1250 boiler from feedwater entering at 40C. Find the rate at which heat is
transformed in kCal/hr if the enthalpy of steam is 600 kCal/kg and of
Solution :
steam 50 kCal/kg.
A. 275,000 kCal/hr * C. 375,000 kCal/hr
Let: Q = heating energy B. 175,000 kCal/hr D. 475,000 kCal/hr
Q − 0.25Q = 1000 Solution :
Q = 1333.33 kWh
Ans. C Q = mΔh
Q = ( 500 kg hr )( 600 - 50 kcal kg )
82. What is the rise water temperature of water dropping over a 200 foot
Q = 275 000 kcal hr
waterfall and setting in a basin below? Neglect all friction and assume the
initial velocity is negligible. Ans. A
A. – 0.140 C * C. 0.256 C
B. – 0.918 C D. 0.429 C 87. During the polytropic process of an ideal gas, the state changes from
Solution : 138 kPa and 5C to 827 kPa and 171C. Find the value of n .
A. 1.354 * C. 1.345
B. 1.253 D. 1.234
Q = U + W → where:Q = 0 (adiabatic)
U = − W Solution :
mCpT = mgh
n −1 n −1
− gh − ( 9.81 m / s ) ( 60m ) P  n
2
T 171 + 273  827  n
T = = = −0.140C 2 =  2  = 
Cp 3
4.19 x10 J / kg .K T P  5 + 273  138 
1  1
Ans. A n = 1.354
Ans. A
83. Water enters the condenser at 30C and leaves at 60C. What is the
temperature difference in F? 88. For an ideal gas, what is the specific molar entropy change during an
A. 16.67 C. 54 * isothermal process in which the pressure changes from 200 kPa to 150
B. 48.67 D. 22 kPa ?
A. 2.39 J/mol-K* C. 3.39 J/mol-K
Solution : B. 1.39 J/mol-K D. 4.39 J/mol-K
Solution :
9 9
F = ( C ) = ( 60 − 30 ) = 54 F° P   J   200 
5 5 Δs = R ln  1  =  8314  ln  
P   kmol-K   150 
Ans. C  2
Δs = 2391.79 J kmol-K = 2.39 kJ kmol-K
84. A cylinder and piston arrangement contains saturated water vapor at Δs = 2.39 J mol-K
110C. The vapor is compressed in a reversible adiabatic process until
the pressure is 1.6 Mpa. Determine the work done by the system per Ans. A
kg of water. At 110C, S1 = 7.2387 kJ/kg-K, U1 = 2518.1 kJ/kg and at
89. An ideal gas mixture consists of 2 kmol of N2 and 6 Kmol of CO2.
1.6 Mpa, S2 = 7.2374 kJ/kg-K, U2 = 2950.1 kJ/kg, T2 = 400C.
The mass fraction of CO2 is:
A. – 500 kJ/kg C. – 632 kJ/kg
A.0.175 C.0.825 *
B. – 432 kJ/kg * D. – 700 kJ/kg
B.0.250 D.0.650
Solution :
Solution :
n MWx 6 ( 44 )
% mx = x %m =
W = -ΔU
ΣnMW CO2 2 ( 28 ) + 6 ( 44 )
(
W = - 2950.1 - 2518.1 kJ kg) %m
CO2
= 0.825
W = -432kJ kg Ans. C
Ans. B
90. An ideal gas mixture consists of 2 kmol of N2 and 6 kmol of Co2. The
85. Helium is compressed isothermally from 14.7 psia and 68F. The apparent gas constant of mixture is:
compression ratio is 4. Calculate the change in entropy of the gas A.0.208 * C.0.531
given that RHelium = 0.4961 Btu/lbmR. B.0.925 D.0.251
A. – 0.688 Btu/lbmR * C. 0.658 Btu/lbmR Solution :
B. – 2.76 Btu/lbmR D. 2.76 Btu/lbmR

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MT Solution :
n N + n CO2 = nT → where: nT =
2
MWT

2 kmol + 6 kmol =
( 2 kmol )( 28) + ( 6 kmol )( 44 ) PV = mRT
MWT  lbf - ft 
 2
  1545 lb -°R 
( 20 psia ) (10 ft 2 ) 
144 in
MWT = 40 kmol 2 
= m m  ( 200 + 460°R )
 1 ft   12 + 32 
R 8.314 kJ kJ  
R= = = 0.208  
MW 40 kg-k kg-k
m = 1.243 lbm
Ans. A
Ans. C

91. A certain gas at 101.325 kPa and 16C whose volume is 2.83 m3 are
95. What is the approximate value of temperature of water having enthalpy
compressed into a storage vessel of 0.31 m3 capacity. Before
of 208 Btu/lb?
admission, the storage vessel contained the gas at a pressure and
A. 138.67°C C. 258.67°C
temperature of 137.8 kPa and 24C. After admission, the pressure has
B. 115.55°C * D. 68.67°C
increased to 1171.8 kPa. What should be the final temperature of the
gas in the vessel in Kelvin ?
Solution :
A. 298.0 C. 180
B. 319.0 * D. 420
Δh = CpΔT
Solution :
Btu  1.055 kJ   1 lb  kJ
208    = 4.187 ( T-0 )
mB + m =m lb  1 Btu   0.454 kg  kg-k
Added A
T = 115.44 °C
PBVB PAdded VAdded P V
+ = A A Ans. B
R BTB R T R T
Added Added A A
(137.8)( 0.31) + (101.325 )( 2.83) = (1171.8 )( 0.31) 96. An ideal gas at 0.80 atmospheres and 87°C 0.450 liter. How many
24 + 273 16 + 273 T moles are in the sample? (R = 0.0821 liter-atm/mole-K)
A
T = 319.76 K A. 0.0002 mole C. 0.0122 mole *
A B. 0.0278 mole D. 0.0091 mole
Ans. B
Solution :
92. If the specific heat at constant pressure for CO2 is given as 0.201
Btu/lb-R, what is the value of the specific heat at constant volume ? PV = nRT

( 0.8 atm )( 0.450 L ) = n  0.0821

A. 0.156 Btu/lb-R * C. 0.435 Btu/lb-R L - atm 
B. 0.365 Btu/lb-R D. 0.435 Btu/lb-R  (87 + 273 k )
 mole - k 
n = 0.0122 mole
Solution : Ans. C

97. Two kilogram of air in a rigid tank changes its temperature from 32°C
kR
Cp = to 150°C. Find the work done during the process.
k-1 A. 246 C. 175
 1545 ft - lbf  1 Btu  B. 180 D. 0 *
k  
= 
Btu 44 lbm -°R  778 ft - lbf 
0.201 Solution :
lb -°R k −1
k = 1.2896
Rigid Tank
where : Cp = kC v
W=0
Btu
0.201 = (1.2896 ) C v Ans. D
lb °R
Btu
C v = 0.156 98. Nitrogen (k = 1.4) is expanded isentropically. Its temperature changes
lb -°R
from 620F to 60F. Find the pressure ratio (P1/P2) .
Ans. A
A. 0.08 C. 26.2
B. 12.91 * D. 35.47
93. An amount of 4000 Btu of heat is transferred from a reservoir at 800 Solution :
deg.F to a reservoir at 200 deg. F. Find the entropy change of the
system. k-1 1.4-1
A. 2.89 * C. 1.34 T P  k 620 + 460  P1  1.4
1 =  1  = 
B. 3.24 D. 3.21 T P  60 + 460  P 
2  2  2
Solution : P P = 12.9
1 2
Ans. B
Q Q
Δs = 1 − 1
T T 99. In an isentropic process, P1 = 200 psi , P2 = 300 psi and T1 = 700R.
1 2
4000 4000 Find T2 using k = 1.4.
Δs = − A. 576R C. 786R *
800 + 460 200 + 460
B. 680R D. 590R
Δs = − 2.89
Ans. A Solution :

94. Find the mass of carbon dioxide having a pressure of 20 psia at 200°F
with 10 ft3 volume.
A. 1.04 lbs C. 1.24 lbs *
B. 1.14 lbs D. 1.34 lbs

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k-1 1.4-1
T P  k T  300  1.4
2 =  2  2 =
P  
T 700 °R  200 
1  1
T = 785.98°R
2
Ans. C

100. Nitrogen is expanded isentropically.Its temperature changes from

620F to 60F. The volumetric ratio is (V2/V1) = 6.22 and the value of
R for nitrogen is 0.0787 Btu/lbmR. What is the work done by the
gas?
A. – 100.18 Btu/lbm C. 110.18 Btu/lbm *
B. 120.27 Btu/lbm D. –120.27 Btu/lbm

Solution :

( )
Btu
P V −P V R T −T
2 1
0.0787 ( 60 − 620°R )
W= 2 2 1 1 = = lbm -°R
1− k 1 −k 1 − 1.4
W = 110.18 Btu lbm
Ans. C

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