Naredbe za konfiguraciju usmjernika SKILL EXAM CCNA v3.1 4.

semestar
Osnovna konfiguracija Routera
Router#conf t
Router(config)#line console 0
Router(config-line)#password cisco
Router(config-line)#login
Router(config-line)#line vty 0 4
Router(config-line)#password cisco
Router(config-line)#login
Router(config-line)#exit
Router(config)#enable secret class
Router(config)#hostname FESB1

Statičke rute
Router(config)#ip route 204.11.1.0 255.255.255.0 195.1.1.2 (ili S0)
Naredba definira statičku rutu do mreže 204.11.1.0 s mrežnom maskom 255.255.255.0 usmjeravanjem prometa
na interface routera s IP adresom 195.1.1.2 (ili proslijeđivanjem paketa na vlastiti interface S0 routera)

Defaultna ruta
Router(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 198.1.1.2 (ili S0)
Naredba definira defaultnu rutu što znači da se svaka IP adresa dolaznog paketa proslijeđuje do slijedećeg
rutera odnosno njegovog interfacea s Ipadresom 198.1.1.2 (ili proslijđuje sve pakete na vlastiti interface S0
routera)

Statička NAT translacija

Svaka privatna IP adresa se preslikava (translatira) u točno definiranu javnu lokalnu IP adresu.

Router#conf t
Router(config)#ip nat inside source static 10.6.1.3 171.69.68.11
Router(config)#ip nat inside source static 10.6.1.2 171.69.68.10

Dinamička NAT translacija

Svaka privatna adresa iz spektra privatnih IP adresa od 10.6.1.0/24 do 10.6.1.255/24 se preslikaju u neku od
javnih IP adresa iz spektra 199.199.199.40/24 – 199.199.199.80/24.

Router#conf t
Router(config)#access-list 1 permit 10.6.1.0 0.0.0.255
Router(config)#ip nat pool fesb-lista 199.199.199.40 199.199.199.80 netmask 255.255.255.0
Router(config)#ip nat inside source list 1 pool fesb-lista

Router#conf t
Router(config)#interface s0
Router(config-if)#ip nat outside
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#interface fa 0
Router(config-if)#ip nat inside
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#

Dinamička PAT translacija

Router(config)#access-list 1 permit 10.6.1.0 0.0.0.255
Router(config)#ip nat inside source list 1 interface serial 0 overload
Router#sh ip nat statistic
Router#sh ip nat translations
Gasenje DHCP servisa na routeru (defaultno je servis pokrenut)
Router(config)#no service dhcp

Konfiguracija routera u cilju izvršavanja funkcija DHCP servera

Router(config)#no service dhcp
Router(config)#ip dhcp pool fesb
Router(dhcp-config)#network 193.168.1.0 255.255.255.0
Router(dhcp-config)#default-router 193.168.1.1
Router(dhcp-config)#dns-server 193.168.1.2
Router(dhcp-config)#domain-name ciscolab.com
Router(dhcp-config)#netbios-name-server 193.168.1.3
Router(config-config)#exit
Router(config)#ip dhcp excluded-address 193.168.1.1 193.168.1.4
Router(config)#service dhcp

Split#sh ip dhcp binding

Split#sh ip dhcp pool
Split#sh ip dhcp server statistic

PPP enkapsulacija WAN linka

Split(config)#interface s0
Split(config-if)#encapsulation ppp
Split(config-if)#exit
Split(config)#

Split#sh interfaces s0
Split#sh interfaces s0 switching
Split#sh interfaces s0 accounting

PPP autentikacija:
Prije autentikacije obavezno izgasiti linkove s obe strane (shutdown)

PAP autentifikacija podataka koji se prenose preko ppp WAN linkova

Zagreb(config)#username Split password fesb1
Zagreb(config)#interface serial 0
Zagreb(config)#encapsulation ppp
Zagreb(config-if)#ppp authentication pap
Zagreb(config-if)#ppp pap sent-username Zagreb password fesb1

Split (config)#username Zagreb password fesb1

Split (config)#interface serial 0
Split (config)#encapsulation ppp
Split (config-if)#ppp authentication pap
Split (config-if)#ppp pap sent-username Split password fesb1

CHAP autentifikacija podataka koji se prenose preko ppp WAN linkova

(nije potrebno definirati sent-username)

Zagreb(config)#username Split password fesb1

Zagreb(config)#interface serial 0
Zagreb(config)#encapsulation ppp
Zagreb (config-if)#ppp authentication chap
Split (config)#username Zagreb password fesb1
Split (config)#interface serial 0
Split (config)#encapsulation ppp
Split (config-if)#ppp authentication chap

Split(config)#interface s0
Split(config-if)#compress predictor
Definira algoritam kompresije kojim se komprimiraju podatci koji se prenose preko PPP linka

Split(config-if)#ppp quality 100

Definira kakovoću linka izraženu u postotcima kojim kojim se prenose podatci preko PPP linka

Split(config-if)#ppp multilink
Omogućava load balancing – balansiranje raspodjele opterećenja prometa preko linka
Split(config-if)#exit

Konfiguracija Loopback Interfacea (potrebna kod Frame Relay veze i dinamičkih ruta)
Split(config)#interface loopback 0
Split(config)#ip address 202.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 (a može i 255.255.255.255)
Split(config)#no shut

KONFIGURACIJA FRAME RELAY-A

Split(config)#interface S0
Split(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay [cisco | ietf]
Split(config-if)# frame-relay map ip 192.168.0.1 110 broadcast
Split(config-if)#no keepalive (obavezno napistat)
Split(config-if)#end
Split(config)#
Split#sh frame-relay [map, pvc, lmi]
Split#clear fram-relay-inarp
Konfiguracija radi na dinamičkim rutama (RIP, EIGRP,…) i na defaultnim rutama.
Tipovi enkapsulacije za Frame Relay
Cisco-Uses the Cisco proprietary Frame Relay encapsulation. Use this option if connecting to another Cisco
router. Many non-Cisco devices also support this encapsulation type. This is the default.

Ietf-Sets the encapsulation method to comply with the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standard RFC
1490. Select this if connecting to a non-Cisco router.

The LMI connection is established and configured by the frame-relay lmi-type [ansi | cisco | q933a]
command. This command is only needed if using Cisco IOS Release 11.1 or earlier. With IOS Release 11.2 or
later, the LMI-type is autosensed and no configuration is needed. The default LMI type is cisco. The LMI type
is set on a per-interface basis and is shown in the output of the show interfaces command.

Split(config-if)#frame-relay map protocol protocol-address dlci [broadcast]

****************************
Frame relay configuration:
Router(config)# interface serial 0
Router(config-if)# no shutdown
Router(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay [cisco | ietf]
Router(config-if)# ip address ip_address network_mask
Router(config-if)# bandwidth bandwidth_in_kbps
Router(config-if)# frame-relay lmi-type [ansi | cisco | q933a]
Router(config-if)# frame-relay map protocol protocol-address dlci [broadcast]

Ako se spajaju dva routera direktno (bez FR switch-a) onda:

- no keepalive
- netreba navoditi lmi-type jer je lmi logicko sucelje prema FR switch-u
- jedan od routera treba biti DCE (inace je to FR switch) i definirati clock rate

Frame relay subinterfaces configuration:

(Sva konfiguracija osim enkapsulacije ide na subinterface!)

Konfiguracija fizickog sucelja

Router(config)# interface serial 0
Router(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay [cisco | ietf]
Router(config-if)# frame-relay lmi-type [ansi | cisco | q933a]
Router(config-if)# no shutdown

Konfiguracija svakog od pod- sucelja

Router(config)# interface serial 0.102 point-to-point
Router(config-if)# ip address ip_address network_mask
Router(config-if)# frame-relay interface-dlci DLCI_number1

Frame relay switching:

FR#configure terminal
FR(config)#frame-relay switching
FR(config)#interface s0
FR(config-if)#no ip address
FR(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
FR(config-if)#clock rate 56000
FR(config-if)#frame-relay intf-type dce
FR(config-if)#frame-relay route 21 interface serial 1 20
FR(config-if)#no shutdown
FR(config-if)#interface s1
FR(config-if)#no ip address
FR(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
FR(config-if)#clock rate 56000
FR(config-if)#frame-relay intf-type dce
FR(config-if)#frame-relay route 20 interface serial 0 21
1
Preporuka je da broj podsucelja i DLCI-a bude isti pa bi u ovom slucaju trebao biti 102
FR(config-if)#no shutdown