ORAL READING DISABILITIES AMONG THE GRADE III-2

LEARNERS OF CULASI ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

AN ACTION RESEARCH PROPOSAL PRESENTED TO

DR. JOSELYN G. ARAMBOLA, MAED

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT
OF THE REQUIREMENTS IN
FIELD STUDY 2
(PARTICIPATING AND TEACHING ASSISTANTSHIP)

SHAIRA MAE PENDON MIRANDA

BEED 3-A
I. CONTEXT AND RATIONALE

“ A journey of a thousand mile begin with single step.”

(Chinese Proverb). Just like reading, it is a single step towards
anyone’s success. Reading plays important role in every
individual. Likewise if he/she cannot comprehend what he/she
cannot apply it to a certain situation or problem.

A person should read in order to know something. If he

knows how to read he can expand his horizon, identity, his
intentions, and gain understanding of himself as well as other
human being in this world. And if a person does not know how to
read he cannot conceptualize, generalize, draw influence and mark
out logical relationship. He is considered incapable because he
cannot read things, persons and situation.

Reading is an interaction between the reader and the

written language, through which the reader attempt to reconstruct
a message from the writer. It is sampling, selecting, predicting,
comparing and confirming activity in which the reader selects a
sample of useful graphic cues based on what he sees and what he
expects to see.

Reading involves recognition of printed or written

symbols which serve a stimuli for the recall of meaning built up
through past experience, and the construction of new meanings
through manipulation of new concepts already possessed by the
reader. The resulting meanings are organized into tough process
according to the purposes adopted by the reader. Such
organizations lead to modified thought and/or behavior which take
its place either in personal or social development.
 In reading child encounters some disabilities that may
result to poor skill development. Disability is a condition of
function judged to be significantly impaired relative to the
usual standard of an individual or a group.

Reading disability is condition in which a sufferer

displays difficulty in reading resulting primarily from
neurogical factors.

Traditionally reading disability has been defined

unexpected underachievement characterized as a discrepancy
between achievement and intellectual aptitudes, despite adequate
opportunity to learn and in the absence of sensory difficulties
or cultural deprivation.

Therefore, considering the reality that reading is very

necessary in children’s growth of knowledge. The researcher is
motivated to conduct the present study to help the learners to
further be aware of the importance of the said skills and to
develop their mental capability.
II. ACTION RESEARCH QUESTION

1. What is reading disabilities in terms of:

1.1 The levels of disability, among the Grade III-2 learners
of CES.
1.2 Academic success.
2. What is the importance of reading to the learners?
3. What Activities promote reading?

III. PROPOSAL INNOVATION, INTERVENTION STRATEGY

The researcher will make an oral reading diagnostic test

for independent sample means. This will be used to test the
significance in the differences of mean frequencies of oral
reading errors of learners when grouped according to gender. The
researcher also makes checklist to identify the errors of every
learners. The test paper were distributed to the participants
once the intervention began. Also the researcher wants to
determine the needs of the students who are reading skills are
limited.

IV. ACTION RESEARCH METHODS

This study will be using descriptive method. This method

was concerned with the conditions of relationships that exist. In
this study, an inventory of the reading disabilities and
describing the levels of reading disability of Grade III-2
learners of Culasi Elementary School.
A. PARTICIPANTS/ OTHER SOURCES DATA

The subject of this study will be Grade III-2 learners of

CES , Culasi, Ajuy, Ioilo which selected by or the class will be
chosen by simple random sampling using the drawing of lots
method. According to ( scholar.google ) Simple Random Sampling
(SRS) is the simplest and most common method of selecting sample,
which the sample is selected out by unit, with equal probability
of selection for each unit at each draw.

B. DATA GATHERING METHODS

This research action study, the researcher utilized a

personal data sheet, a checklist for error, and a teacher-made
oral reading diagnostic. The personal data sheet will be
contained personal information such as name, gender, and family
size of the respondents. The checklist for errors will be
composed of a column for description of error, and another column
to record the errors. The researcher will make oral reading
diagnostic article to use to test the reading disability of
learners. The test will be validated by three English teachers
from CES.

C. DATA ANALYSIS PLAN

The purpose of this action research project is to

determine the oral reading disabilities of the learners. The data
collection throughout the course of the study will be done with
the goal to strengthen the oral reading of the learners. The data
collection for this action research will include frequency count
and percentages. This will be use to describe the respondents
based on the grouping.