Kaye Paler CE96 - EL 124 February 10, 2024

Anaphora - the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, or sentences.
● adds emphasis and emotion to words so it makes them more memorable
● That repetition is intentional and is used to add style and emphasis to text or speech.
● It’s a literary device with the power to emphasize meaning, add emotion, and create a sense of rhythm.
○ This repetition at the beginning of each phrase in a group of sentences or clauses is a stylized technique
that can be very effective in speeches, lyrics, dialogue, speeches, poetry, and prose.
Examples :
Song Lyrics
Santa Claus Is Comin’ to Town.
You better watch out
You better not cry
You better not pout…
Every Breath You Take
Every breath you take
And every move you make
Every bond you break
Every step you take
I'll be watching you

Daily Conversation/speeches: Affirmations

I am strong
A am capable
I am worthy of your presence

Anadiplosis or Glacatio - the repetition of a word or words in successive clauses in such a way that the second clause
starts with the same word which marks the end of the previous clause.
● Greek word, which means “to reduplicate.”
● can involve a single repeated word, or the repetition of a group of words
○ "She opened a café, a café that ruined her financially."

○ "While driving, whenever you see a big red hexagon, the big red hexagon means you should stop the

car."

● can include words that aren't immediately next to each other

○ It is the east, and Juliet is the sun.
Arise, fair sun, and kill the envious moon...
● Can take place in different clauses or different sentences
○ We ordered a pizza pie. A pizza pie that changed our lives.
● Often appears in a string of related ideas
○ Once you change your philosophy, you change your thought pattern. Once you change your thought
pattern, you change your attitude. Once you change your attitude, it changes your behavior pattern and
then you go on into some action.
Glacatio - refers to the repetition of a word in different grammatical forms within the same sentence or clause.
This can create emphasis, highlight different aspects of the word's meaning, or create a musical effect.
Examples
○ "Light the lights and let in some light."
○ "Hope is what we hope for, and hope is what we fight for."
○ "Time is precious, don't waste your time."

Key Differences:

● Repetition: Anadiplosis repeats the exact word or phrase, while Glacatio uses different grammatical forms of the
same word.
● Position: Anadiplosis focuses on the repetition across sentence boundaries, while Glacatio can occur within a
single sentence or clause.
● Effect: Anadiplosis creates a sense of connection and flow, while Glacatio emphasizes different aspects of the
word's meaning or creates a musical effect.

Antistasis- repetition of a word or phrase in order to create emphasis and rhyme.(often with a different meaning each
time it's used)
● All for one and one for all
- useful when the poet wants to emphasize a point or convey a strong emotion
● "Nothing can be made out of nothing,” a line from William Shakespeare’s King Lear.

Diacope - from the Greek word diakopē, meaning “to cut into two.”
● To be or not to be - Hamlet
Vocative Diacope: repeats a phrase for emphasis.
“He’s a good man! What a good man!“
Here, “a good man” is repeated and separated by “what,” while the repetition of “a good man” emphasizes this aspect of
the man’s character.
“The horror! Oh, the horror!“
In this example, the repetition of “horror” emphasizes how horrific something is. This can show that a character is
emotionally overwhelmed.

Elaborative Diacope: repeats a phrase with an additional adjective or description that clarifies, describes, or further
emphasizes a certain aspect of the subject
“He’s my man! And he’s a good man! A good, kind man!”
In this example, the addition of the adjectives “good” and “kind” describe a man that is a moral and kind person.
“The horror! The screaming, terrifying horror!“
Here, the adjectives “screaming” and “terrifying” serve to further emphasize how horrific the subject is.

Epanalepsis - the beginning of a clause or sentence is repeated at the end of that same clause or sentence, with words
intervening
● "The king is dead, long live the king!”
- It can also refer to repetition that occurs very close to the start or end of a sentence or clause, as well as across
two separate sentences.
- Repeating phrases at the beginning and end of a sentence or phrase still count as epanalepsis even if they aren't
perfectly identical:
● No matter where I end up, I never seem to feel any different or any better—no matter where I land.
- Epanalepsis Doesn't Have to Involve the Very First or Final Words
● T.S. Eliot's "The Lovesong of J. Alfred Prufrock":
Do I dare
Disturb the universe?
In a minute there is time
For decisions and revisions which a minute will reverse.
this is considered a case of epanalepsis because the key phrase ("a minute") appears very close to the beginning and end
of the sentence.
- Can Occur Within a Clause of a Sentence

Epistrophe - when a certain phrase or word is repeated at the end of sentences or clauses that follow each other
● Last week, he was just fine. Yesterday, he was just fine. And today, he was just fine.
● I’m tired of this job. I’m over this job. I’m done with this job!

Epiphora - a word or a phrase is repeated at the ends of successive clauses

● “I am an American, he is an American, and everybody here is an American
- debates and persuasive writings are also rich with epiphora examples
- Exact counterpart of anaphora

● The Tempest by William Shakespeare

“Hourly joys be still upon you! Juno sings her blessings on you … Scarcity and want shall shun you, Ceres’
blessing so is on you.”

Mesodiplosis - Repetition of a word in the middle of every line of clause.

● “We are perplexed, but not in despair; Persecuted, but not forsaken; cast down, but not destroyed.”
● She was nervous yet excited; she was uncertain yet prepared; she was hesitant yet anticipatory.

Epizeuxis or Pahlogia -Repetition of the same word or phrase without any words in between.

Epizeuxis- a word or phrase is repeated consecutively for emphasis or emotional impact.

-often used to create a sense of urgency, excitement, or intensity
● "We can't wait, we can't delay, we can't afford to stand still!" (Barack Obama)

Pahlogia - the same word is repeated in close proximity but in different grammatical forms (e.g., noun, verb, adjective).
-It's used to highlight different aspects of the word's meaning or create a playful effect.