Module 2:

Instructional
Planning
 Things to
The Consider in Instructional
Teaching Planning Planning
Cycle Instruction in Model
Math in the IG
 1.
The Teaching Cycle
 Learning outcomes
At the end of the lesson, the students should be
able to:

○ demonstrate an understanding and

appreciation of the instructional planning
cycle
The teaching process is not a linear activity that
starts with planning and ends with testing.

Instead, it is a cycle of repeating stages until the

students acquire an understanding of the
targeted concepts and skills.
 stages of the learning cycle

✘ Identify objectives
✘ Plan instruction
✘ Implement plan
✘ Check for understanding
✘ Reflect on teaching
✘ Assess learning and reflect on results.
 1. Identify objectives

What knowledge and/or skills do the students

need to learn?

You must be guided by the content standards,

performance standards, and the learning
competencies that are found in the curriculum
guide.
 2. Plan instruction

What strategies must be implemented for the students to

achieve the objectives targeted in the previous stage?

In planning instruction, it is important that you have

mastered the content of the lesson that you are about to
teach. It is also beneficial to be familiar with your
students- what they know, how they learn, etc.
 3. Implement plan

This is the stage where you conduct the learning

activities that you have prepared during the
planning stage.

A word of advice: even though you have carefully

and delicately planned for the lesson, you must be
flexible with the possible changes that you need
to accommodate.
 4. Check for understanding

Teaching is about helping students learn. During the

implementation of the lesson plan, you must every now
and then check whether the students have understood
what you have covered so far.

Facial reactions and verbal cues help in assessing whether

or not the students can move on to another concept or
skill.
 4. Check for understanding

If not, you might need to give a more elaborate

explanation, more examples, or whatever you think is
needed based on the students’ reactions.

This stage also makes use of formative assessments.

 5. Reflect on teaching

You must evaluate every teaching period that you finished.

Were the objectives achieved?
Were the implemented strategies effective?
How can instruction be improved?
 6. Assess learning and
reflect on the results

This stage gives you a concrete measure of what the

students have learned.

In math, this is usually through a paper-and-pen

examination. However, some authentic assessments
may also be implemented.

Take note that this stage does not end in assessing

learning. You need to reflect on the results.
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 6. Assess learning and
reflect on the results

What can you learn about student learning and

teaching practice based on the results?

After assessment and reflection, you will once again

identify the next learning goals and so
the cycle continues.

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 Teacher Gina identified
“multiplication of whole numbers
1. Identify objectives up two digits” as the goal of her
next lesson.

Teacher Gina thought it is best to apply a

constructivist approach to help her students
2. Plan instruction learn techniques in multiplying whole
numbers. She planned a lesson that
incorporates the problem-solving strategy.

The class went on smoothly. The activities that

3. Implement plan Teacher Gina prepared were successfully done
by her students.
 To make sure that her students
understood the lesson, Teacher
4. Check for understanding Gina gave a three-item exercise
as an exit pass.

Based on the exit pass, Teacher Gina found out that

many of the students have difficulty multiplying numbers
that involve the digit 8. So, she decided to do a find-your-
5. Reflect on teaching
error-activity the next day for the students to realize their
mistakes. She also planned to give a short drill on skip
counting by 8.

Teacher Gina, later on, gave a multiplication quiz. Ninety

6. Assess learning and percent of the students passed. She planned to give
remedial exercises to those who failed. This teaching cycle
reflect on the results taught Teacher Gina that the students can discover
concepts on their own. However, they must still be guided
by a teacher because misconceptions ma arise.
 thanks!
Any questions?
You can find me at
april.custodio@vsu.edu.ph

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