The PNP's community-oriented policing system (COPS) has made significant progress in

offering the public proactive police services (PNP, 2009). The barangay is the center of the
COPS policing structure. The precincts are situated within the community, where residents and
police work together as partners to maintain peace and order and encourage the prevention of
crime (Kraft, 2010). The Barangay Peacemaking Action Team (BPAT) was established with the
goal of giving the community improved police services.
The BPAT then executes the PNP's barangay peacekeeping operations (BPO). The PNP's BPAT
is a nationwide initiative that empowers community members to handle emergency situations in
real time, whether they involve security, peace and order, or rescue operations (Williams, 2001;
Rochon, 2014; Pajarillo-Guadamor, 2016).

Curfews are presented as advantageous to law enforcement, providing extra control over street
presence and behavior during curfew hours. They are seen as a beneficial addition to parental
supervision, offering community support to parents who limit their children's nighttime
activities. According to Galabin (2018), studies of curfews undertaken by municipalities may
have serious methodological errors, which does not necessarily imply that these regulations are
ineffective. Curfew rules might be viewed as treatments; thus, analyzing their effects is critical.
Indeed, since, according to basic economic theories, crime is a deliberate action, curfew should
only reduce delinquency if the technology employed to induce this behavior is imperfectly
substitutable between curfew and non-curfew hours.

Curfews and BPATs serve an important role in society, not only in reducing crime but also in
preventing people from becoming victims of crime. This study was conceptualized and carried
out in light of this perspective. It is then necessary to examine the implementation of curfew
hours and the efficiency of BPAT to evaluate whether these are well observed and whether there
is room for improvement.

Figure 1 illustrates the study's paradigm. It describes how the researchers intend to conduct the
study, which will serve as the foundation for the development of a suggested action plan. Data in
the respondents' profiles, the level of curfew implementation, the effectiveness of the Barangay
Peacemaking Action Team, and any issues identified during implementation. The survey
findings, implications, and insights will be utilized as a foundation for developing a suggested
action plan for the effective implementation of curfew hours and suggested activities for the
BPAT to carry out.
 Profile of Level of effective
Respondents Possible problems
encountered implementation of
curfew hours.

Level of effectiveness
of BPAT

Data Analysis

Formulation of an Suggested Action Plan for

the Effective Implementation of Curfew
Hours and Suggested Activities the BPAT
would do.
The PNP’s community-oriented policing system (COPS) has made significant progress in
offering the public proactive police services (PNP, 2009). The barangay is the center of the
COPS policing structure. The precincts are situated within the community, where residents and
police work together as partners to maintain peace and order and encourage the prevention of
crime (Kraft, 2010). The Barangay Peacemaking Action Team (BPAT) was established to give
the community improved police services.
The BPAT then executes the PNP's barangay peacekeeping operations (BPO). The PNP's BPAT
is a nationwide initiative that empowers community members to handle emergencies in real-
time, whether they involve security, peace and order, or rescue operations (Williams, 2001;
Rochon, 2014; Pajarillo-Guadamor, 2016).
Curfews are presented as advantageous to law enforcement, providing extra control over street
presence and behavior during curfew hours. They are seen as a beneficial addition to parental
supervision, offering community support to parents who limit their children’s nighttime
activities. According to Galabin (2018), studies of curfews undertaken by municipalities may
have serious methodological errors, which does not necessarily imply that these regulations are
ineffective. Curfew rules might be viewed as treatments; thus, analyzing their effects is critical.
Indeed, since, according to basic economic theories, crime is a deliberate action, a curfew should
only reduce delinquency if the technology employed to induce this behavior is imperfectly
substitutable between curfew and non-curfew hours.
Curfews and BPATs serve an important role in society, not only in reducing crime but also in
preventing people from becoming victims of crime. This study was conceptualized and carried
out in light of this perspective. It is then necessary to examine the implementation of curfew
hours and the efficiency of BPAT to evaluate whether these are well observed and whether there
is room for improvement.
Figure 1 illustrates the study’s paradigm. It describes how the researchers intend to conduct the
study, which will serve as the foundation for the development of a suggested action plan. Data in
the respondents’ profiles, the level of curfew implementation, the effectiveness of the Barangay
Peacemaking Action Team, and any issues identified during implementation. The survey
findings, implications, and insights will be utilized as a foundation for developing a suggested
action plan for the effective implementation of curfew hours and suggested activities for the
BPAT to carry out.
Figure. 1 Research Paradigm