Albert Einstein was a German-born theoretical physicist who is widely con-
sidered to be one of the most important figures in the history of science. Born in 1879 in Ulm, Germany, Einstein showed an early aptitude for mathematics and science, but struggled in school due to his rebellious nature and disdain for authority. After graduating from high school, Einstein applied to the Swiss Federal In- stitute of Technology (ETH Zurich), where he studied physics and mathematics. After graduating in 1900, Einstein struggled to find work in his field, working as a clerk and tutor to make ends meet. It wasn’t until 1905, when he was just 26 years old, that Einstein published a series of papers that would revolutionize our understanding of the universe. In his first paper, Einstein proposed a new theory of light that showed that it could behave both as a wave and as a particle. In his second paper, Ein- stein introduced the idea of special relativity, which fundamentally changed our understanding of space and time. In his third paper, Einstein proposed the famous equation E = mc2 , which showed that mass and energy are two sides of the same coin. Einstein’s work in these papers laid the foundation for modern physics and earned him worldwide acclaim. In 1921, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on theoretical physics. Throughout his life, Einstein was a vocal pacifist and advocate for world peace. He spoke out against the use of nuclear weapons and urged leaders to work towards disarmament. In 1933, Einstein emigrated to the United States to escape Nazi persecution, and he later became a citizen. Einstein continued to work on theoretical physics throughout his life, but also became a public figure and a symbol of scientific genius. He died in 1955 at the age of 76, leaving behind a legacy that continues to inspire scientists and thinkers around the world.