FACULTY OF DAIRY

TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF DAIRY CHEMISTRY
SUBJECT- HUMAN NUTRITION (DC – 234)
TOPIC – DIET CHART OF A 65 YEAR OLD MAN SUFFERING FROM
ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE HAVING 62KG WEIGHT

SUBMITTED BY –
1) BIBHASH ROY(D/2021/07)
2) RUHUL AMIN(D/2021/30)
3) SAMRIDDHAA GHOSH(D/2021/32)
4) RUPAK SHIT(D/2021/31)

INTRODUCTION
To study the tendency of Alzheimer’s disease among 65 years old woman.
Alzheimer’s related issues and problems in her body & giving her a detailed
recovering diet chart are described in this case study
Balance Diet and diet chart
 What is Balanced Diet ?
A diet consisting of a variety of different types of food and providing
adequate amount of nutrients necessary for good health.
Main elements of balance diet-Proteins, Carbohydrates,Fat,Vitamins,
Minerals ,Water.
 What is Diet Chart ?
A diet chart is basically a guideline of what to eat and what not to eat
throughout the day. This diet chart varies from individual to individual
depending on age, gender, weight, physiological status and whether the
individual is suffering from any disease or not.

Profile of the Patient

AGE- 65 Years
WEIGHT :- 62 KG
HEIGHT :- 5’5’’
GENDER :- FEMALE
CALORIE REQUIREMENT :- 2100 CALORIES/DAY
ACTIVITY :- Moderate Intense Activity
WATER REQUIREMENT :- 2-3 LITRES/DAY
BMI (Body Mass Index) ;- 22.23 KG/m^2 i.e NORMAL WEIGHT

ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
Alzheimer’s disease also called as senile dementia is a disease where brain cell
connections and the cells themselves degenerate and die,eventually destroying
memory and other important mental functions.
This disease occurs mainly in people of age 65 and above; more commonly
seen in woman. In INDIA, there is about 1million cases of this disease per year.
CAUSE:-
The main cause of this disease is abnormal build-up of proteins in and around
brain cells. One of the proteins involved is called amyloid, deposits of which
form plaques around brain cells. The other protein is called tau, deposits of
which form tangles within brain cells.

Types of Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s
Disease

AGE ON SET HERITABILITY

EARLY ONSET LATE ONSET FAMILIAL SPORADIC

SYMPTOMS :-
● Loss of spontaneity and sense of initiative
● Memory loss that disrupts daily life.
● Poor judgement, leading to bad decisions.
● Taking longer to complete normal daily task.
● Repeating questions or forgetting recently learned information.
● Inappropriate Use of word.
● Inability to recognize and Use familiar objects.

EFFECTS OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE:-

This disease disrupts processes vital to neurons and their networks, including
communication, metabolism and repair.
It also, effect the mental health it mainly results in mental decline behaviour.
Such as:- aggression, depression and hallucination , mood swings , loss of
appetite and restlessness.
[Since, we want to understand the diet plan for who has suffering the disease,
we must know What we eat effects our body and Brain, we must understand
the meal plan for there Who are Suffering].

MEAL PLANNING:-
Q. WHAT IS MEAL PLANNING?
ANS. This is mainly the action of deciding meals in advance keeping in mind
the individuals schedule, preferences as well as medical conditions.

Importance of meal planning :-

It helps to ensure eating a proper balanced diet that reduces the risk of chronic
lifestyle diseases.
 DAILY DIET CHART
TIME FOOD AMOUNT OF CARBOHY - PROTEIN FAT (GM) CALORIES
SERVING DRATE (GM) (GM) (CAL)

6:00- 6:30 Herbal Tea 1 Cup 7 0.4 0 12

(AM) Biscuit 2 Piece 17 1.8 4.9 117

8:00- 8:30 Bread 2 Piece 17 3 2 130

(AM) Boiled Egg 1 Piece 0 7 6 77

10:30-11:00 Blueberry 1 Cup 22 1 0 84

(AM) Apple 1 Piece 25 1 0 95

12:00- 12:30 Rice(Boiled 1 Cup 41.16 4.6 0.58 195

(PM) ) 1 Cup 26.18 10.36 6.32 120
Dal 1 Cup 21 3.8 13 100
Leafy
vegetables
curry 1 Piece 0 89 11 110
Fish 1 Cup
Curd

2:30- 3:00 Soup 1 Cup 4.6 4.0 3.1 65

(PM)

4:30- 5:00 Fruit cake 2 Slice 72.7 9.2 5.42 160

(PM) Roasted 1 small bowl 14 15 71 167
peanut
5:30- 7:00 Milk Shake 1 Glass 21.7 7.3 13.8 129
(PM)

8:30- 9:00 Roti 2 Piece 44.65 7.68 1.04 211

(PM) Paneer 1 Cup 1.2 18.3 20.8 250
Mixed 1 Cup 6 4.2 4.2 64
veg,Sabji

Total 49.3 27.1 23.6 2086 Kcal

The graphical representation of required
food constituents

FAT (23.6%)

PROTEIN (27.1%) CARBOHYDRATE

(49.3%)

TOTAL CALORIE REQUIREMENT : 2086Kcal

OVERVIEW OF DAILY BASIS DIET CHART:-

This is the Daily diet chart of an alzheimer’s disease women. We gave her 8
serving of meals starting at 6-6:30 am to 9-9:30 pm.
 Herbal Tea: Herbal tea is rich source of natural bioactive compunds such
as carotenoids, phenolic acids flavonoids, coumarins, alkaloids and so some
minerals like Cu, Mg, Na etc.

 Whole wheat bread with butter+ Boiled egg: Combining whole

wheat bread with butter and boiled egg provides a balanced mix of
carbohydrates, protein, and fats, which can sustain energy levels.

 Blueberry & Apple: Blueberries are the good source of flavonoids, fiber,
vit.C ,vit.K, manganese, potassium. Apple contain fiber, antioxidant and many
vitamins like vitamin C, E and B6.

 Boiled rice+ dal+ mixed vegetable curry+ fish curry+ curd: A

meal consisting of boiled rice, dal, vegetable curry, and fish curry and curd
provides a well-rounded combination of carbohydrates, protein, healthy fats,
fibre, vitamins, and minerals, contributing to a balanced and nutritious diet.

 Soup: Soup contains protein, healthy fats, fibre, carbohydrate, vitamins and
minerals.

 Fruit cake and Roasted peanut: Fruit cakes are made with dried fruits,
nuts, flour, sugars. It is the good source of carbohydrate,fibre and also healthy
fats. Roasted peanuts are rich in niacin and vit.E.

 Milk Shake: Milk is a complete food. It contains vitamins, fats and

nutritional elements.

 Roti+ Paneer+ Mixed Veg Sabji: - Roti has good source of soluble fibre
which help us in digestion and constipation. Paneer is full of mineral elements
like Ca, Mg, K, vit.B12, vi.D, vit.C . A diet rich in vegetables can help in lowering
the blood pressure, reduce the risk of heart disease and diabetes.
 WEEKLY DIET CHART

Days 6:00 - 6:30 8:00- 10:30 -11:00 12:00 - 2:30 - 4:30 - 6:30 - 7:00 8:30 - 9:0
(AM) 8:30 (AM) 12:30 3:00 5:00 (PM) (PM)
(AM) (PM) (PM) (PM)

Monday Herbal tea Oats Blueberries Rice Sandesh Almonds Fruit cake Roti
Vegetable Tea
Biscuits Dal Roasted Mixed Sab
Leafy peanut
vegetable Milk
Fish
Curd
Tuesday Green tea Bread Orange juice Rice Raita Nuts Muri Roti
Chicken Mixed ve
Biscuits Boiled Curry Raspberry Milk Tea Grilled Fis
Egg Salad

Wednesday Warm Poha Apple Grapes Khichuri Sujir Milk Herbal Tea Bread
Honey Labra Halwa Shake
Lemon Green Biscuit Chicken
Water chutney Soup
Almonds Curd
Thursday Harbal Tea Bread & Pomegranate Rice Sandesh Banana Horlicks Roti
Boiled Juice Dal Mixed sabj
Biscuit Egg Fish Almond Biscuit Paneer
Salad
Curd

Friday Milk tea Chirer Berries Dalia Raita Egg poch Sujir Rice
polauo Papad Nuts or Halwa Chicken
Biscuit Kiwi Green Rosted Curry
chatni peanuts Salad

Saturday Green Tea Masala Orange Juice Khichuri Soup Channa Milk Shake Roti
Oats Mixed veg Coconut Mixed Sab
Biscuit Curd water Grilled Fis

Sunday Warm Idli Blueberries Rice Sujir Nuts Pudding Roti

Honey Chutnay Pear Chicken Halwa Dates Mixed Sab
lemon Curry Milk
Water Salad
Tomato
Chutny
OVERVIEW OF WEEKLY BASIS DIET CHART:-
• This is the Weekly diet chart. Here we also give 8 servings of meal from
Monday to Sunday (at 6-6:30 am to 9-9:30 pm). Some food items are same as
in daily diet chart. But we add some other food items also so that she can enjoy
her food without getting bored from it.
 1. In early morning 6-6:30 am from Monday to Sunday, we gave herbal tea,
green tea, warm water with honey lemon and biscuit. Water or water based
drinks are being given as early morning meal which is to mainly promote
hydration and help in detoxification.
• 2. At 8 am, we add some other foods like oats, bread & boiled egg, poha,
chirer polauo, idli with chutney. This foods are wheat and grain based which
have their own nutritional benefits and packed with fibers and other essentials
nutrients.
 3. At 10:30-11 am we gave her different types of fruits and fruit juice. Various
types of berries like blueberry, raspberry, orange, apple, grapes, pomegranate,
kiwi, pear etc. Pomegranate contain antioxidants, fibre, vitamin C, which to
promote brain function and improve heart health. Orange and kiwi are the
good source of vit.C. Blueberries are the good source of flavonoids, fiber,
vit.C ,vit.K, manganese, potassium. Apple contain fiber, antioxidant and many
vitamins like vitamin C, E and B6.
• 4. In the lunch time at 12 pm we add boiled rice, dal, leafy vegetables curry,
fish, chicken, salad, kichuri, dalia, papsd, tomato chutney and curd. By these
food, it gives her a balanced nutrition like carbohydrate, protine, fat, vitamins
and minerals and also elements. Curd contains probiotic, which helps to break
down the food and absorb the nutrients.
• 5. For post lunch at 2 to 2:30 pm we add dessert itmes like raita, Sandesh,
sujir halwa etc for her taste and flavourable experience of food.
• 6. For afternoon snacks at 4:30 to 5 pm we mostly gave various nut (almonds,
peanuts) some fruits like dates, banana, raspberry. Nuts are the great source
of nutrients like fiber, protein, vitamins, minerals and healthy fats. It can help to
improve our health by reducing the risk of heart disease, diabetes and lowering
the cholesterol level & support immune system. For her hydration coconut
water also needed. Coconut water is an excellent source of hydration due to its
high water content and natural electrolytes and various essential nutrients,
including vitamins (such as vitamin C, B vitamins, and vitamin K), minerals (such
as potassium, magnesium, calcium, and sodium), and antioxidants. These
nutrients play crucial roles in maintaining overall health and well-being. We
also give her channa which is good source of Ca, Mg, K, vit.B12, vit.C and vit.D.
• 7. In evening at 6:30 to 7 pm, we provide a light snack. Muri, fruit cake,
biscuits, milk shake, tea, pudding are added in her diet chart.
• 8. During dinner time at 8:30 to 9 pm, mainly roti and bread are given which
is a wheat based food and with it, various types of curry like mix vegetable
curry, panner curry are given which contains proper amount of proteins, fats,
essential vitamins and minerals. The fish and chicken are the source of
protiens, healthy fats and omega-3 fatty acids.

Importance Of Vitamins & Minerals Of Alzheimer's

disease :-
Vitamins B: B vitamins, particularly B6, B12, and folate (B9), play important
roles in brain health and may help reduce levels of homocysteine, an amino
acid associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease.
Vitamin D: There is evidence to suggest that vitamin D deficiency may be
linked to an increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. Maintaining
adequate levels of vitamin D through sunlight exposure, dietary sources, or
supplements may be beneficial for brain health.
Vitamin E: Some studies have shown that vitamin E, a powerful antioxidant,
may help slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease in some individuals.
However, more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness.
Omega-3 fatty acids: Omega-3 fatty acids, found in fatty fish like salmon and in
fish oil supplements, have been studied for their potential benefits in reducing
the risk of Alzheimer's disease and cognitive decline.
Magnesium: Some research suggests that magnesium deficiency may be
associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease. Consuming
magnesium-rich foods or taking supplements may help support brain health.
Antioxidants: Antioxidants such as vitamin C, flavonoids, and polyphenols
found in fruits, vegetables, and other plant-based foods may help protect the
brain from oxidative stress and inflammation, which are thought to contribute
to Alzheimer's disease.

Treatment of Alzheimer’s disease:-

•By avoid smoking.
•By avoiding excessive alchohol drinking.
•By regularly exercising.
•By eating a healthy balanced diet including fruits and vegetables every day.

Treatment of Alzheimer’s disease:-

•Gene therapy Nanoparticles
•amyloid Beta Immunotherapy
•contemporary therapeutic approach

Medicine for Alzheimer’s disease:-

1 Aduhelm
2 Donecept 10
3 Leqembi
4 Revastigmin beta
5 prometax

How to differentiate Normal Brain & Alzheimer Brain?

A brain ravished by Alzheimer's disease has folds that are much more narrow
than a normal brain, and the gaps that are between the folds are significantly
wider.
Why is an Alzheimer’s brain smaller?
In Alzheimer’s , as neurons are injured and stop working properly throughout
the brain, connections among networks of neurons may break down and many
brain regions begin to shrink.

FOOD LIMITATIONS:-
The person suffering from Alzheimer’s disease should strictly avoid the
following-
Food with high saturated fat and cholesterol should be avoided.
Fats that are harmful for heart health like butter or solid, shortening, lard and
fatty cuts of meat should be avoided.
If the patient is suffering from any allergy from any sort of food; then that
particular food item should be avoided.

CONCLUSION

PREVENTION:-
Alzheimer’s disease can be prevented by maintaining the following habbits in
our daily lifestyle:
• By avoiding smoking
• By eating a healthy balanced diet including fruits and vegetables every day.
• By regularly exercising for at least 150 minutes every week.
• By sleeping enough i.e at least 8 hours per day.
• By avoiding excessive alchohol drinking.
References:-
The presentation has been prepared from the following information sources:-
• Wikipedia.
• Books on nutrition like Nutrition and Dietetics.
• Websites regarding Alzheimer’s disease (www.Alz.gov.in).
• Guidance from our teacher.