EFFECTIVENESS OF SMALL GROUP TUTORIAL IN ENHANCING

PROFICIENCY IN IDENTIFYING CAUSE AND EFFECT AMONG

GRADE 1 PUPILS IN INDIANA INTEGRATED SCHOOL

A Research Study Presented to the

Faculty of the College of Teacher Education
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bambang, Nueva Vizcaya

In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirement for the Degree
BACHELOR IN ELEMENTARY EDUCATION

Alpha Joyce S. Ocampo

Gerlyn Gay R. Rambac
Rhealyn G. Soliven
Judy Ann B. Castro
Jelean Jill R. Cajimat
Schwarmagne A. Dilan

December 2023
 Chapter I
Background of the study

In the realm of early education, fostering proficient reading

comprehension skills in young learners stands as a crucial turning point in

their academic journey. The development of fundamental reading skills begins

in grade one, which is frequently the start of formal education. A child’s

academic achievement and lifetime learning are both based on reading

comprehension, which is a fundamental skill. Early literacy development,

especially in the first grade, is crucial as it forms the basis for future academic

achievement. Reading comprehension not only allows students to excel in

language arts but also plays an essential role in their ability to comprehend and

analyze information across all subjects.

Identifying cause and effect relationships is a fundamental skill

crucial for critical thinking, problem-solving, and scientific reasoning. Young

learners, particularly in their early years, are constantly bombarded with

information and experiences that require them to connect events and

understand their underlying causal relations. Mastering this skill early on

becomes a bedrock for their intellectual development and academic success

(De Jong et al 2019). Developing the ability to identify cause and effect
relationships is a