Research-Revised Group

Escuela San Gabriel de Colegio de San Gabriel
Arcangel Foundation, Inc. Arcangel of Caloocan, Inc.
Phase 10 Pkg. 6 Blk. 1 Lot 1-5 Bagong Silang, Caloocan City
The Impact Of Extra-Curricular Activities To The Self-Esteem Of

Elementary Students Of Escuela San Gabriel Arcangel Of Caloocan.
A Research Paper
in Fulfillment of the Requirements for
RESEARCH IN TEACHING A
Submitted to:
MA’AM RIA VILLACASTIN
Teacher
Submitted by:
ALMENIANA, IVY D.
BULASA, ANN GELYN G.
GALVAN, LEARA MARIE
GARSULA, EVELYN J.
LOPEZ, JUMAR B.
VINLUAN, ANNALYN I.
BEED- IV
DECEMBER
2022
Ambersome.simplesite.com 1
CHAPTER I
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Many students have times when they feel like they're “not good at
anything.” Their challenges can lower their self-esteem and make school a
stressful place. But extracurricular activities are a great way for students to focus
on their strengths and passions instead.
These activities can build up a child’s confidence. They can help students
improve their social skills, develop their interests, and inspire them to try new
things. They’re also a good way for kids who struggle in school to learn in a fun,
low-stress environment.
Self-esteem activities can boost a student’s confidence. It takes more than
just saying encouraging words to a student about how they should feel better
about themselves. Through activities, the mind is rewired through one exercise
at a time and the student builds self-esteem. As a faculty member, you have an
opportunity to help students improve their self-esteem by leading them through
different activities. According to Tariq (2018) students participating in some
extracurricular activities increase their confidence and have a positive effect in
the academic subject. They get a high grade and develop consistency in

themselves. Meanwhile, extra-curricular activities may have a negative effect
when they produce an overloaded schedule.According to Dr. Moreillon (2020),
"fun with a purpose is education for life”. Self esteem of students in doing
extracurricular activities, in fact, an educational process and it could be the most
effective companion of the home and the school in the proper upbringing of the
children facing distractions in their own growth and development. Thus,
participation of teachers in encouraging students to joined the extra Curricular
Activities help student to get out of the comfort zone and socializes into others,
scouting is necessary to acquire learning in scouting to integrate this knowledge
of scouting activities such as quiz bee,drawing, poetry, declamation which are
relevant to the needs of the students to apply real-life situation.
Timothy 1:7 - For God hath not given us the spirit of fear; but of power, and
of love, and of a sound themselves primarily by their activities rather than as
students.
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
James Coleman's Multiple role theory posits that extracurricular activities provide
additional, complimentary roles for a student that benefits the students
academically and increase self-esteem and overall participation/ interest in
school. (Hunt 2005)

An extracurricular Activity, Extra curricular activity is any activity beyond the
school standard curriculum. this activities are based on their personal interests
that can help develop a new skill. Extracurricular focused on the child's interest
can give a push to their self esteem and confidence,it allow kids to follow their
passion and nurture a new skills. The improve level of self- esteem can provide
confidence to the students for better expressing their thoughts and forming
options. Self-esteem and passion further fuel better mental and psychological
development in children,a study also talks about how extracurricular activities
reduces screen for them, resulting in a better mental state.
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Figure 1: Conceptual framework

The Conceptual framework shows the relationship between the independent
and dependent variables. The output presents the overall results of the study.
Start with the Elementary grade 1-6 students followed by the impact of
extracurricular activities to the Self-esteem of the students it can be result as
positive effects or negative effects.
The output presents the overall results of the study followed by the feedback
that reflects the recommendations of the respondents and researchers including
other concerns of this study.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The main purpose of the study is to identify the Impact of Extra-curricular
Activities to the Self-esteem of Elementary students.
Specifically, it aimed to answer the following questions:
1. What is the demographic profile of each Respondent?
a. Name (Optional)
b. Gender
c. Age
d. Grade level
2.What are the impact of extra-curricular activities to the self-esteem
of the Elementary student?

3.What are the activities that they participated in?
4.How does this extra-curricular help them to boost their self-esteem?
5.How many students are participating in activities?
6.In what activities are the students choosing?
7. What are the barriers faced by students to participation in
activities?
HYPOTHESIS
Students who always participating in the Extracurricular Activities have the
benefits of high self-esteem and confidence.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study will be an effective help for the following:
To the Teachers: This research will be beneficial for the teachers because this
will help them know what the impact of extracurricular activities to the self-
esteem of elementary students are.
To the Parents-This study will help the parents to understand the impact of
extra-curricular. Parents will help them to realize that supporting their children
will help them to grow.

To the Students-This study will also benefit the students; they will become
aware on the environment that they are in and also help them to realize that
joining the extracurricular will help them to boost their self esteem
To the School -This research will help the school to emphasize the student’s
capabilities and passion.
To the Future Researcher - the results of the study can be a basis for the
further studies and may be used as related literature.
SCOPE AND LIMITATION
Study Is Limited Only for The Elementary Students Grade 1-6 Of Escuela San
Gabriel de Arcangel During the Academic Year 2022-2023.
Determining the impacts of extra-curricular activities to the self-esteem of
elementary students of Escuela San Gabriel de Arcangel of Caloocan. The
information needed will be gathered using the survey questionnaire. All
information and conclusions drawn from this study were obtained only to this
grade level.

DEFINITION OF TERMS
Activities- students something do or participate with state of doing.
Confidence - the feeling or belief that one can rely on someone or something
firm trust.
Collaboration-the action of working with someone to create something.
Development - the process of starting to experience ailment or feeling.
Extracurricular - Provide student with a genuine chance to develop their social
identities and skills.
Faculty members/ Educators-The one who encourage students to participate
extra-Curricular Activities.
Impact - The action of one object coming forcibly into contact with another and
a marked effect or influence.
Interaction - the action or influence of people, groups, or things on one another.
Passion- Strong and barely controllable emotion.
Participation-the action of taking part in something.
Performance- the action or process of carrying out of accomplishing an action.
Peer Social Support - Positive peer association motivator for academic success
-Develop positive peer association.
Self-actualization- Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Person take full

advantage of their talents while being mindful of their limitations.
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
This chapter promotes the impact of extra-curricular activities to the self-
esteem of the students and a few resources that address to the positive and the
negative effects of participation in extra-curricular activities. The researcher
attempts to address both sides of argument to gain deeper perspectives of the
impact of extra-curricular activities participation among elementary students. The
purpose of the research is to educate faculty members, parents, and students
about the impact of extra-curricular activities to the self-esteem of the students.
Extra-curricular Activities
According to Villarin 2022 School coordinator "The Extracurricular Activities
commenced with cheering crowd. Shouting at the top of their lungs Yelling in
different grade levels.
Joining extracurricular is a great way for children to take a break from academics
and release the pent-up energy. It also helps them lead fuller and happier lives
as a student joining some activities offer have proven to provide not only
physical benefits but also social and self-esteem for the children. It is a good

start to deal and live with the new normal. Making the students active not just in
mind but also physically, and socially that could improve their mental health.
The Department of Education (DEPED) “Our learners need outlets through co-
curricular or extra-curricular activities to ease their stress, tension, and anxieties
brought by the health crisis. Co-curricular activities have been proven to bring
positive impact on the health and well-being of our learners,” (Areola,Leila
2022) Bureau of learning delivery
Extracurricular activities are a vital element in any child’s development, often
building on lessons and learning’s that begins during school hours. Creativity is a
key asset for further education and beyond.
Alexander N. Kosarikov & Natalia G. Davydova said that an analysis of statistical
data that described the dynamic of structural changes in the economy and
investment in the public education showed a demand for the implementation of
extracurricular education programs that can synchronize the values of education.
By employing the principles of social-emotional learning, the combination of the
extracurricular program and the contest played a key role in the development of
the development of the creative and divergent capabilities.

This article analyzes the experience gained during the development and
implementation on extra-curricular program that combined project-based
learning with the national contest of their research project.
According to Dr. Moreillon (2020), "fun with a purpose is education for life”. Self
esteem of students in doing extracurricular activities, in fact, an educational
process and it could be the most effective companion of the home and the
school in the proper upbringing of the children facing distractions in their own
growth and development. Thus, participation of teachers in encouraging students
to joined the extra Curricular Activities help student to get out of the comfort
zone and socializes into others, scouting is necessary to acquire learning in
scouting to integrate this knowledge of scouting activities such as quiz
bee,drawing, poetry, declamation which are relevant to the needs of the
students to apply real-life situation.
Extracurricular activities are just that, extra to the curriculum. In the case of
education, extracurricular activities can enhance daily-taught subject areas or
individual interests. Extracurricular activities offer all students the opportunity to
excel in an area that does not directly involve academics. These activities can
boost a student’s confidence and help diminish any anxious feelings caused by
possible academic demands. Activities outside of school also allow for much

needed unstructured socialization for students. Many students develop
friendships with peers through outside activities. Many extracurricular activities
lend students a chance to develop a sense of leadership as the activity could
involve growth with leveled challenges for advancement within it. The
development and growth of student confidence is another benefit of
extracurricular activities. extracurricular activities for school age children provides
great benefits toward the development of a well-rounded child; going without
these activities, even temporarily, can cause adverse reactions in a student’s
developmental growth (Michelle Snoke 2021).
Extracurricular activities are necessary, expected, and valuable for students of
all ages. Students need the opportunity to achieve success outside of the
classroom or attempt an activity that sparks students’ interests and may later
ignite a future passion that could inspire a career.
A famous saying goes, “It is easier to build stronger children than to repair
broken men.” Extracurricular Activities helps to provide an opportunity of hands-
on experience to the students as well as to develop leadership qualities, personal
integrity etc. Hence, making time for their passion will help them learn time
management and lot of the skills that lie at the heart of extracurricular activities
can be used during core academic subjects. This type of education requires solid

problem-solving skills, memory, creativity, and critical thinking. Education breeds
success, while Extracurricular Activities breeds confidence & confidence turns
mirrors to windows (Minhas,Sumita P. 2021).
Participation in extracurricular activities helps children to improve their
communication & crisis management skills.
Effects of extra curricular activities
According to Winstone et al (2019). Students' participation in extracurricular
activities can help them develop a sense of belonging and well-being while also
helping them develop a sense of identity. Individual characteristics such as
sociability, on the other hand, may influence the likelihood of students
participating in extracurricular activities.
Moreover Buckley and lee (2018). emphasized that Many different skills are been
developed by extra curricular activity such us confidence, sense of belongings
and teamwork.
Winstone (2019) and Buckley and lee (2018) both stated and prove through
their research that extra extra curricular activities have an effect to the self
confidence, and sense of belongings of the students

It was supported by the statement of Dutton (2019) that extra curricular activity
participants are vulnerable to behavioral and academic performance changes.
Extra curricular activities has a positive and negative impact to the students.
And according to Tariq (2018). students who actively participate in
extracurricular activities get a lot of benefits including higher grades, higher
educational achievements, greater consistency in class attendance and increased
self confidence. Extra curricular activities may also help to develop the students
leadership and teamwork skills.
And according to the studies of Bringham young universities (2017) extra
curricular activities may have positive effects on the academics, especially to the
self-confidence and sense of belonging. Extra curricular activities may have
negative effect when students students' schedules are overburdened and they
don't know what to prioritize
In Altun, mustafa (2019) research study they found out that extra curricular
activities encourage students to be more active and helps the students grow and
develop their skill especially the self-confidence, teamwork and leadership skills
Based to the study of Prada Creo et al. (2021) through a variety of extra-
curricular activities, including sports, music, volunteering and etc. Helps the

students to acquire and enhance their skills and linked to collaboration. Through
extra - curricular activities students may also develop their sociability and
leadership skills.
And according to Optimistic youth development (2020) studies through extra
curricular activities students are become more active in academics performances.
And develops their sociability and collaboration skills
based on these related studies it proves that extra curricular really has an effect
to the students especially in their sociability, collaboration and leadership skills.
In the study conducted by Fujita(2017) that effects of extracurricular

activities on the academic performances of students is to found out that
students who participate in extra-curricular activities benefit academically, and to
be aware of the effects that participation in extra-curricular activities has
improved the academic performance of the students and has a good result.
According to Al-Omri and Ahmed. (2019) they identified the impact of extra-
curricular activities on the improvement of oral performance of the students like
in English subject the results of this study showed a positive correlation between
the effect of extra-curricular activities and the oral performance of the students.
The study discussed that the impacts of extracurricular activities on academic
achievements of students. who were actively participating in out-of-school

activities secured higher grades and standardized test marks, they had higher
educational achievements, they were more punctual and regular in their class
attendance and had a greater self-perception.
Burt et al. (2011), the students who participate in co-curricular activities
regularly demonstrate a higher level of leadership skills development. They can
manage complex tasks, are more organized, and more efficient in their
performance. Besides, the exposure to a more significant number of diverse
people, including creative and talented individuals, with whom veteran students
might interact during the extra-curricular practices, enhances their
communicative and socialization abilities.
We all know that the effects of extracurricular activities are we encourage
students to have active social inclusion and enhance self-representation to build
their personal and professional connections with others. And despite such a
broad discussion of the numerous benefits of extra-curricular activities in the
educational and personal spheres of the student’s life, there are significant
barriers to the implementation of such interventions in many institutions.

Self-esteem in the extracurricular activities
For a Children's,Self esteem can be a fragile concept, learning how to build it
safely is key. Students participation should be met with encouragement and
freedom of choice. Pressure to excel need to be removed and replaced with
support (Alice Kassotaki 2022) .
Expand Social skills one of the benefits of Extra-curricular activities is team
bonding it is great ways of participating social skills in a relaxed safety.
Encourage personal growth connecting self-esteem and extracurricular activities
can help your child in the future,this experience can encourage them to follow
their dreams and work towards their dream career. Reduce stress,low self
esteem without a way to relieve it,may resort to destructive behavior, luckily
extracurricular is a great stress buster. Discover new Interests that old saying
"Winners never Quit" allow students to explore many different interests and try
new pursuits. It relieves the pressure of having to be good at everything and
allows them to enjoy the process of discovery.
Extracurricular activities have brought a lot of positive effects not only on
students academic but also soft skills that are applicable in real society (Ho Chi
Minh 2022)

The Researchers believe that there is an impact of Extra-curricular activity to the
self esteem of the students, whenever they participated and get involve; they
will be confident and motivated as also they can see a lot of participants and
their classmates that enjoying the event together with their parents.
Getting Involved in extracurricular is a great way to meet new people and ensure
you strike a healthy balance between studying and your social life (Swain,Rachel
2021).
Many kids have times when they feel like they’re “not good at anything.” Their
challenges can lower their self-esteem and make school a stressful place (Osen
foss Jen 2022)
Extracurricular activities are a great way for kids to focus on their strengths and
passions instead. These activities like Foundation day, English week, Sports
fest,Buwan ng wika,Quiz bee,Slogan,Poster making etc. These Curricular
Activities can build up a child’s confidence. They can help kids improve their
social skills, develop their interests, and inspire them to try new things. They’re
also a good way for kids who struggle in school to learn in a fun, low-stress
environment.

According to AlHashemi (2018). The use of extracurricular school activities in
English language allows students to express their tendencies and aspects of their
personality, and satisfy their needs, which contributes to attracting them to
school, reducing their absence. Students can be provided with social,
moral,scientific, and practical skills and experiences by using extracurricular
activities. School activities provide students with educational situations that are
similar to life situations,if not similar to them, which helps students to easily
benefit from the knowledge they learn through the school in the external
community and their impact on their future life.
According to Makarova &Reva (2017). Co-curricular activities are the true and
practical experiences received by learners. The theoretical knowledge gets
strengthened when a relevant co-curricular activity is organized related to the
content being taught in the classroom. Intellectual aspects of personality are
solely accomplished by classroom, while aesthetic development,character
building, spiritual growth, physical growth, moral values, creativity, are
supported by co-curricular activities. It helps to develop co-ordination,
adjustment,speech fluency, extempore expressions, among learners at the
school.

According to Haroona Qurban, Hassan Siddique,Jin Wang and Tony Morris
(2018) studied the relationship between sports participation and academic
achievement: the mediating role of parental support and self-esteem. The study
found no direct relationship between sports participation and academic
achievement. The study found parental support and self-esteem as mediators in
the relationship between sports participation and academic achievement. The
mediational models suggested a focus on the vital role of parental support and
self-esteem to have better academic performance.
According to Al-Ghamdi’s Study (2017). Aimed to identify the difficulties of use
the student guide for extra-curricular activities to develop social skills for primary
school students, and identify the role of social worker to reduce obstacles that
prevent the use of extra-curricular activities in developing social skills of the
students , the activation of extra-curricular activities reflects positive results in
the educational field. According to upbility (2022) which discussed the
improvement in self-concept caused by involvement in physical exercises.
Participation in physical extracurricular activities reduce the stress caused by low
self-esteem coupled with LD symptoms can cause heavy stress for children .and
also encourage personal growth connecting to self -esteem to self-confidence
and a better view of their appearance.

CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
This chapter will present the methods of research that be used by researcher in
conducting the study which include research design, population of the study,
research instrument and its development establishing its validity and reliability,
data gathering procedures, and the appropriate statistical treatment of data.
RESEARCH DESIGN
This research study will used quantitative research design to determine the
impact of extra curricular activities to the self -esteem of elementary students of
Escuela san Gabriel de archangel of Caloocan
According to Sis International Research (n.d.) quantitative research is a
structured way of collecting and analyzing data obtained from different sources.
Quantitative research involves the use of computational, statistical, and
mathematical tools to derive results. It is conclusive in its purpose as it tries to
quantify the problem and understand how prevalent it is by looking for project-
able results to a larger population

POPULATION AND SAMPLING
The respondents of the study is composed of students of Escuela san gabriel
archangel of caloocan academic year 2022-2023. One of the critical processes for
the success of this study. Random sampling was used to select all of these
participants. This sampling method is used when every member of a population
has the potential to become a member of the sample. the chosen respondents
are containing (50) respondents from the elementary students of Escuela San
Gabriel de archangel of Caloocan who joined to the extra curricular activities they
are chosen by the researchers because they are suitable and applicable to the
study.
INSTRUMENT
The survey questionnaire was used as the main data gathering instrument. The
instrument to be prepared focused answering the statement of the problem the
impact of extra curricular activities to the self-esteem of elementary students in
ESGA. The questionnaire contains 10 question. the questionnaire will be
distributed to the respondents.

One of the critical processes for the success of this study. Random sampling was
used to select all of these participants. This sampling method is used when every
member of a population has the potential to become a member of the sample.
Research study will used qualitative research method to determine the impact
of extra curricular activities to the self -esteem of elementary students of Escuela
San Gabriel de archangel of Caloocan.
DATA GATHERING PROCEDURES
Upon the approval of the research instrument, the researcher will formally
write the a letters to respective school heads of Escuela San Gabriel de Arcangel
foundation inc. For their consent to conduct study and request to get the number
of all the students to facilitate the research instruments and interview via survey
questionnaire.
After establishing the validity and reliability on how gather-data,
formulating questions appropriate for the study and all doing necessary
modification to the chosen respondent. And to conduct the survey researcher will
used likert scale questionnaire and fifty (50) copies of questionnaires will
be distributed to the elementary students of Escuela san Gabriel de archangel of

Caloocan. Thus their corresponding answer to the question are kept in
accordance with the agreement of the respondents and the researchers.
The data gathered was organized and tabulated according to the result of the
statistical treatment done. In this stage, the service of a statistical
consultant was needed
DATA PROCESSING AND STATISTICAL TREATMENT
To analyze and Interpret the data, the researcher employed the following
statistical procedure:
1. Frequency, percentage and ranking
Will help the researcher to easily tally the data that they gathered. This
percentage and ranking will a big help in the researchers to analysis the data.
2. Frequency, weighted mean and ranking.
Weighted Mean. This tool was used to provide answer to the questions. The
formula is:
WM= xf + xf + xf
∑ N
Where:
WM = weighted mean
X = number of respondents

F = weight given to each respondent
N = number of cases.
Using the data that we gather , The data analysis plan would include a
number of procedures leading to the findings or the result of the study about the
Impact of extra curricular to the elementary students of Escuela San Gabriel de
archangel, the procedures to be observed are as follow:
1. Summarizing the numerical data. This would be done through a tally that will
be based on the certain answer of the respondent in the survey questionnaires
using frequency and percentage.
2. Mathematical/Statistical Interpretation of the summarized data using the
weighted men and ranking.
3. Verbal Interpretation of the produced outcome will be determining the
hypothesis of our topic. Is there significant effect of extra curricular activities to
the self-esteem of the elementary students of Escuela San Gabriel de archangel
of Caloocan and are there no significant effects of extra curricular activities to
the self-esteem of the elementary students of Escuela San Gabriel de Archangel
of Caloocan.
Likert scale type questionnaire was used by the researchers it used a 4-point
scale, in which point correspondents.

Legend scale interpretation
Points Scale Verbal interpretation
4 3.50 - 4.0 Strong Agree
3 2.50 - 3.49 Agree
2 1.50 - 2.49 Disagree
1 1.00 - 1.49 Strongly disagree
Formula used in treating the data gathered.
x̄ = ∑ M , X + W 2 X + W 3 X + W 4 X + W 5 X
Where:
X̄ = weighted mean
X = total number of respondents per question
N = total number of respondents
W = Respective legend points ( 4, 3, 2, 1 )

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Escuela San Gabriel de Colegio de San Gabriel

Arcangel Foundation, Inc. Arcangel of Caloocan, Inc.

Phase 10 Pkg. 6 Blk. 1 Lot 1-5 Bagong Silang, Caloocan City

The Impact Of Extra-Curricular Activities To The Self-Esteem Of

in Fulfillment of the Requirements for

MA’AM RIA VILLACASTIN

BULASA, ANN GELYN G.

GALVAN, LEARA MARIE

Phase 10 Pkg. 6 Blk. 1 Lot 1-5 Bagong Silang, Caloocan City

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

on their strengths and passions instead.

Self-esteem activities can boost a student’s confidence. It takes more than

opportunity to help students improve their self-esteem by leading them through

different activities. According to Tariq (2018) students participating in some

extracurricular activities increase their confidence and have a positive effect in

Phase 10 Pkg. 6 Blk. 1 Lot 1-5 Bagong Silang, Caloocan City

when they produce an overloaded schedule.According to Dr. Moreillon (2020),

extracurricular activities, in fact, an educational process and it could be the most

children facing distractions in their own growth and development. Thus,

participation of teachers in encouraging students to joined the extra Curricular

scouting is necessary to acquire learning in scouting to integrate this knowledge

of scouting activities such as quiz bee,drawing, poetry, declamation which are

relevant to the needs of the students to apply real-life situation.

of love, and of a sound themselves primarily by their activities rather than as

additional, complimentary roles for a student that benefits the students

academically and increase self-esteem and overall participation/ interest in

school. (Hunt 2005)

Phase 10 Pkg. 6 Blk. 1 Lot 1-5 Bagong Silang, Caloocan City

development in children,a study also talks about how extracurricular activities

reduces screen for them, resulting in a better mental state.

Figure 1: Conceptual framework

Phase 10 Pkg. 6 Blk. 1 Lot 1-5 Bagong Silang, Caloocan City

extracurricular activities to the Self-esteem of the students it can be result as

positive effects or negative effects.

that reflects the recommendations of the respondents and researchers including

other concerns of this study.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The main purpose of the study is to identify the Impact of Extra-curricular

Activities to the Self-esteem of Elementary students.

Specifically, it aimed to answer the following questions:

1. What is the demographic profile of each Respondent?

2.What are the impact of extra-curricular activities to the self-esteem

of the Elementary student?

Phase 10 Pkg. 6 Blk. 1 Lot 1-5 Bagong Silang, Caloocan City

4.How does this extra-curricular help them to boost their self-esteem?

5.How many students are participating in activities?

6.In what activities are the students choosing?

7. What are the barriers faced by students to participation in

Students who always participating in the Extracurricular Activities have the

benefits of high self-esteem and confidence.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study will be an effective help for the following:

esteem of elementary students are.

will help them to grow.

Phase 10 Pkg. 6 Blk. 1 Lot 1-5 Bagong Silang, Caloocan City

capabilities and passion.

further studies and may be used as related literature.

SCOPE AND LIMITATION

Gabriel de Arcangel During the Academic Year 2022-2023.

Determining the impacts of extra-curricular activities to the self-esteem of

elementary students of Escuela San Gabriel de Arcangel of Caloocan. The

information needed will be gathered using the survey questionnaire. All