Table numbers

Acceptance levels
Defect type Acceptance levels plate and pipe macro only

Remarks Maximum allowance Remarks

At no point shall the excess

weld metal fall below the
Excess weld
1 outside surface of the parent
metal
material. All weld runs shall
blend smoothly.
Slag inclusions are defined as
non-metallic inclusions trapped
Slag/silica
2 in the weld metal or between
inclusions
the weld metal and the parent
material.
Undercut is defined as a grove
melted into the parent metal,
3 Undercut at the toes of the weld excess
metal, root or adjacent weld
metal.
Trapped gas, in weld metal,
Porosity or elongated, individual pores,
4
Gas Cavities cluster porosity, piping or
wormhole porosity.
Excess weld metal will not exceed H = 2mm
As for plate and
in any area on the parent material, showing
pipe
smooth transition at weld toes.
The length of the slag inclusion shall not
Slag and silica not
exceed 50mm continuous or intermittent.
permitted
Accumulative totals shall not exceed 50mm
No sharp indications Smooth blend required.
The length of any undercut shall not exceed No sharp
50mm continuous or intermittent. indications
Accumulative totals shall not exceed 50mm. Smooth blend
Max D = 1mm for the cap weld metal. required
Root undercut not permitted.
Individual pores ≤ 1.5 max. Cluster porosity not
Cluster porosity maximum 502mm total area. permitted.
Elongated, piping or wormholes Individual pores
15mm max. L continuous or intermittent. acceptable.

Cracks or Transverse, longitudinal, star or

5 Not permitted Not permitted
Laminations crater cracks.

Incomplete fusion between Surface breaking lack of side wall fusion,

Lack of fusion the weld metal and base
6 Laps material, incomplete fusion
Cold lap between weld metal.
(lack of inter-run fusion)
Damage to the parent material
or weld metal, from an
unintentional touchdown of the
7 Arc strikes
electrode or arcing from poor
connections in the welding
circuit.
Damage to the parent material
Mechanical or weld metal, internal or
8 Not permitted
damage external resulting from
any activities.
Mismatch between the
9 Misalignment
welded or unwelded joint.
lack of inter-run fusion continuous or
intermittent not to exceed 15mm. Not permitted
Accumulative totals not to exceed 15mm
over a 300mm length of weld.
Not permitted Not permitted
No stray tack welds permitted
Parent material must be smoothly blended
General corrosion permitted. Max. D =
1.5mm. Only 1 location allowed
As for plate and
Max H = 1.5mm
pipe

Excess weld metal, above the

As for plate and
10 Penetration base material in the root of the Max H ≤ 3mm
pipe
joint.

The absence of weld metal in

Lack of root
11 the root area, two root faces Not permitted Not permitted
penetration
showing.

Lack of root Inadequate cross penetration of Lack of root fusion, not to exceed 50mm total
12 Not permitted
fusion (one) root face. continuous or accumulative.

Excessive penetration, collapse

13 Burn through Not permitted Not permitted
of the weld root

Angular Distortion due to weld

14 5mm max. Plate only Accept
distortion contraction
Weld metal below the surface of 50mm maximum length
15 Root concavity Accept
both parent metals 3mm maximum depth

WIS5-90516b
Appendix 3 Pipe Reports and Questions A3-22 Copyright © TWI Ltd