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Procedia Computer Science 115 (2017) 182–187

7th International Conference on Advances in Computing & Communications, ICACC-2017, 22-

24 August 2017, Cochin, India

Performance Analysis of Backward Multipumped Raman Amplifier

in DWDM System
Dipika D.Pradhana*,Abhilash Mandloib
a
Electronics and Tele Communication Engineering Department,JSPM,NTC,Pune-411041,India
b
SardarVallabhbhai National Institute of Technology,Surat,Gujarat-395007,India

Abstract

In this paper to increase the capacity of Dense wavelength division multiplexing system (DWDM) system, a C band ranging from
1530-1625.4nm is designed. The performance of the system is analysed in terms of input power, output power, Gain, Noise
figure and Quality factor, the coverage distance found is 50km SMF and 20km Raman amplifier. The system is designed with
10Gbps data rate non return to zero modulation formats. It offers high gain is about 53.3 dB and less noise figure is 9dB.The
Quality factor for equal spacing at 10km SMF is 16.6 and BER is 1.4e-62.

© 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 7th International Conference on Advances in Computing &
Communications.

Keywords:Dense wavelength division Multiplexing(DWDM);Single mode fiber(SMF);Non return to Zero(NRZ).

1. Introduction

Raman amplifiers are widely deployed as optical devices in the long haul optical communication system. Distributed
Raman amplifier provides high gain and improves noise figure near to zero dispersion wavelength. Higher data rate
transmission can be possible with less fiber loss attenuation. In the year of 1990s, the long haul transmission uses
Raman amplification.
Gain profile optimization has been achieved for multipump broadband hybrid amplifiers under residual pump
cycling in WDM system [1].Previous work reported, the design optimization of EDFA in DWDM system using
optisystem simulation software 14.1[2].

* Corresponding author. Tel.:+91-8275597442

E-mail address:deepika01513@gmail.com

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10.1016/j.procs.2017.09.124
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2 Dipika D.Pradhan et al./ Procedia Computer Science 00 (2017) 000–000

Design of 100nm bandwidth ranging from 1416 to 1502nm has been reported [3].Genetic algorithm has been
proposed in 320 channel broadband DWDM system at reduced channel spacing is about 25GHZ [4].Design
optimization of hybrid communication system for bit rates of 16Gbps/channel,100Gbps/channel and
40Gbps/channel has been done[5].The multiparameter optimization of Raman amplifier has already reported [6].The
Gain variation of <4.5 dB has been obtained for L band Raman-EDFA hybrid optical amplifier for DWDM
system[7].A backward multi-pump propagation of RAMAN amplifier has been experimented [8].A new model has
been reported for the analysis of for Noise figure and RIN transfer in fiber Raman amplifiers [9].The average power
analysis Of Raman amplifier has been efficiently formulated [10].A 20 channel S band Raman amplifier is
analyzed[11].A novel high gain wide band hybrid amplifier has been reported [12].

In this paper, performance analysis of Raman amplifier in terms of Gain, NF, Quality factor and BER in the DWDM
system has been investigated. A 10Gbps 45 channel WDM system with 0.8nm channel spacing is designed. Raman
amplifier is analyzed with backward multi-pump signals at different channel spacing’s.
The second section is focuses on BER and Quality factor analysis of Dense-wavelength division multiplexing
(DWDM) system.

2. Mathematical model of Raman fiber amplifier for DWDM system

The Raman fiber amplifier enables the amplification of 45 channel DWDM system. The proposed model can be
described as the analysis of Gain and NF with the application of backward pump signal at various frequency
spacing. The broadband Raman amplifiers enable amplifying several channels simultaneously. The following
equation describes the wave propagation of backward pumped Raman fiber amplifier.

dPs n+m
= −αspS +  g (vp,vs)PpPs (1)
dz P=1
Where s=1, 2…n+m, For the above equation (1),n is the number of pump waves, m is the number of pump signals.
Where Ps, vs and αs are represents power, frequency and attenuation coefficient of signal for sth wave respectively.
The plus sign left side of equation (1) represents forward wave i.e. for s=n+1, n+2……..n+m and minus sign
represents backward wave i.e. s=1, 2…n.

The power transfer is due to stimulated Raman scattering Pthand Sth wave is denoted by g(VP,VS).

g (vp, vs) = {(1/ keffAeff ) gp(vp − vs)} for vp > vs (2)

g (vp, vs) = {(1/ keffAeff ) (vs / vp) gs(vs − vp)} for vs > vp (3)
Where effective area of the fiber is Aeff and polarization factor is Keff

The following equation is used to calculate the Gain for multipara meter optimization.

Ps(L) n+m
Gs= = exp(−α sL) +  g (vp,vs )Sp (4)
Ps(0) P=1
where s=n+1,n+2..............n+m;Sp= 0L Pp ( z )dz for P=1,2,.....n+m
Sp is the power integral of the pump and other signal channels.
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184 Dipika D. Pradhan et al. / Procedia Computer Science 115 (2017) 182–187

3. Experimental Setup

Fig.1. Experimental setup of multipump Raman amplifier in DWDM system

In this section we are designed the multipump backward propagation of Raman amplifier. The simulation setup
consists of a 45 channel DWDM system ranging bandwidth from 1530nm to 1565.4nm in a 0.8nm interval. Where
1565.4nm is 191.5THz (first channel) and 1530 nm is 195.9THz (last channel).The NRZ modulation format is used
at 10Gbps data rate.

Table 1.General simulation parameters

Parameters Value Unit

Input signal Power -17 dBm

Data rate 10 Gbps
Bandwidth 1530-1565.4 nm
Band utilized 35 nm
Channel spacing 0.8 nm

Table 2. Simulation parameters of SMF

Parameters Value Unit

Length 10-50 Km
Dispersion 16.75 ps/nm/km
Reference wavelength 1550 nm
Effective Area 80 µm2
Attenuation 0.2 dB/km
Dispersion 16.75 ps/nm/km

Table 3. Simulation parameters of Raman amplifier

Parameters Value Unit

Length 20 Km
Dispersion 16.75 ps/nm/km
Effective Area 72 µm2
Attenuation 0.2 dB/km
Length 20 Km
Dispersion 16.75 ps/nm/km
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Science Science 115000–000
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Table 4. Frequency spacing of pump signal Pump

signal Pump signal Pump signal frequencies Pump signal frequencies

Power frequencies with equal with unequal spacing with semi equal spacing
spacing

1190mW 209.2THz 209.2THz 211.8THz

420mW 211.8THz 206.4THz 214.4THz
450mW 217THz 203.4THz 217.2THz
504mW 219.6THz 200.8THz 220THz

4. Result and Discussion

To increase the transmission capacity, gain and quality factor a backward multi-pumped Raman amplifier is
designed in DWDM system. The length SMF is varies from 10 to 50 km with the Raman amplifier length is
20Km.The following figure1 (a) and (b) shows the Gain and NF analysis of multi-pumped equal pump signal
spacing gives high Gain is about 53.3dB and low NF is 9dB.Simillarly Fig 2 and Fig 3 shows the Gain and NF

(a) (b)
Fig. 2.Frequency vs Gain/NF of multi-pumped Raman amplifier with equal pump signal frequency spacing (a) 10km at 10Gbps;
(b) 20km at 10Gbps

(c)
Fig. 3.Frequency vs Gain/NF of multi-pumped Raman amplifier with un equal pump signal frequency spacing (a) 10km at 10Gbps;
(b) 20km at 10Gbps
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186 Dipika D. Pradhan et al. / Procedia Computer Science 115 (2017) 182–187

Analysis of un- equal and semi-equal pumping signal frequency spacing. The above Fig 5. Shows the Quality factor
and BER analysis of multi pumped equal pump signal spacing at 10Gbps data rate. The Q factor is obtained about
16.6 and the BER is 1.4e-62 and Q is 10.9 and BER is 5.17e-26for 10km and 20km of Transmission distance in
DWDM system.

Fig. 4.Frequency vs Gain/NF curve of multi-pumped Raman amplifier with semi-equal pump signal frequency spacing (e)10km at
10Gbps;(f)20km at 10Gbps

Fig. 5.Distance vs Output Power of multi-pumped Raman amplifier with equal channel frequency spacing

Fig. 6. Eye diagram of multi-pumped Raman amplifier with equal pump signal frequency spacing (a) 10km at 10Gbps ;(b)20km at 10Gbps
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5. Conclusion

To increase the transmission capacity of DWDM system a multi-pump Raman amplifier is designed with
various pump signal frequency spacing. It is observed that the performance of Equal multi-pump signal
frequency spacing is better than un-equal and semi-equal spacing. The quality factor is better than other type
of spacing. As the transmission distance increases the output power decreases. The received power is higher
is about 44.9dB for 10Km transmission distance and 37.6dB for 50Km transmission distance. The least BER
is achieved in the order of 10-62.

References

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