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Technology and Livelihood Education

Technical Drafting
Module 3
Use of Tools and Equipment
 Technology and Livelihood Education — Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Week 3, Module 3: Use of Tools and Equipment
First Edition, 2020

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ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education – Division of Gingoog City

Division Superintendent: Jesnar Dems S. Torres, PhD, CESO VI

Development team of the module

Author: Virra Jill V. Durado
Editors:
Reviewers: Elvira A. Almonte, EPS – Kindergarten, SPED, TLE Designate
Illustrator: Jonie Mar D. Rebucas

Jesnar Dems S. Torres, PhD, CESO VI

Management Team Chairperson:
Schools Division Superintendent

Co-Chairperson: Conniebel C. Nistal, PhD

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Pablito B. Altubar
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division
Members: Elvira A. Almonte, EPS-Kindergarten/SPED/ TLE Designate
Narcisa G. Sabello, PSDS
Imelda R. Fabe, PSDS
Himaya B. Sinatao, EPS/LRMDS
Jay Michael A. Calipusan, PDO II
Mercy M. Caharian, Librarian II

Department of Education – Division of Gingoog City

Office Address: Brgy. 23, National Highway, Gingoog City
Telefax: 088-328-0108 / 088 328-0118
E-mail Address: gingoog.city@deped.gov.ph
 Table of Contents
What I Know.................................................................................................................. i
I. Multiple Choice................................................................................................... i
II. Matching Type.................................................................................................... i
What I Need to Know....................................................................................................1
What’s In.......................................................................................................................1
Activity 1: Recall........................................................................................................... 1
What’s New.................................................................................................................. 1
Activity 2: Drafting Tools and Materials........................................................................1
What Is It...................................................................................................................... 2
What I Have Learned....................................................................................................3
What I Can Do.............................................................................................................. 4
Activity 4: Draw to Complete........................................................................................ 4
Scoring Rubrics............................................................................................................ 5
What I Need to Know....................................................................................................6
What’s In.......................................................................................................................6
Activity 1: Recall........................................................................................................... 6
What’s New.................................................................................................................. 6
Activity 2: Drafting Equipment...................................................................................... 6
What Is It...................................................................................................................... 7
What I Have Learned....................................................................................................9
Activity 3: Generalization..............................................................................................9
What I Can Do............................................................................................................10
Activity 4: Word Tiles..................................................................................................10
Activity 5: Where does it belong?...............................................................................10
Assessment: (Post-Test)............................................................................................11
I. Multiple Choice................................................................................................11
II. Matching Type.................................................................................................11
Key to Answers...........................................................................................................12
References................................................................................................................. 13
 What I Know

I. Multiple Choice
Directions: Read and answer the questions below. Choose the drafting materials, tools,
and instruments applicable to a particular job.

1. A tool used to draw vertical lines which becomes more convenient when used with T-
square.
A. Eraser B. Compass C. Erasing shield D. Triangle

2. A tool used to shield the remainder of the drawing when you are erasing
unwanted pencil lines.
A. Ruler B. Compass C. Erasing shield D. Drawing pencil

3. A drafting material used to safeguard the drawing paper on the table or board.
A. Eraser B. T-square C. Ruler D. Masking tape

4. A tool used in replicating a drawing to enlarge or reduce its form to various regular
proportion.
A. Triangular scales B. T-square C. Ruler D. Masking tape

5. It is a semi-circular device that is divided into 180-degree equal components.

A. T-square B. Protractor C. Compass D. Ruler

II. Matching Type

Directions: Match column A with column B. Write the letter ONLY of your selected answer.

Column A Column B
1. It is a type of T-square where the top is adjustable and A. Divider
commonly used just for occasional drawing.
2. A drawing instrument used to transfer B. Detachable Head
measurements, dividing lines and arcs into the
specified range of equal components.
3. It removes the dirt off the drawing making it clean. C. Pencil sharpener
4. A type of T-square that is specifically designed for comfort D. Eraser
in carrying various drafting instruments.
5. Pencils ought to be sharpened every time they show E. Adjustable Head
signs of dullness. F. Drawing pencil

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 Lesson
Hand tools in Technical
1 Drafting

What I Need to Know

At the end of this lesson, the learners are expected to:
LO 1.1. List hand tools and equipment based on job requirement;
LO 1.2 Identify appropriate hand tools and equipment.

What’s In

Activity 1: Recall
Direction: Complete the name of the given abbreviation and give one example for each of
the given names.
Description/Name Example
Example: The store is located near the highway
S Strength street therefore customers can easily
see and visit our store.
W
O
T

What’s New

Activity 2: Drafting Tools and Materials

Directions: Identify and name the different drawing tools and equipment shown below. Write
your answer to a separate sheet of paper.

Drawing Tools/Instruments Drawing Tools/Instruments

1. 2.

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 3. 4.
Jonie Mar D. Rebucas, 2020

5.

What Is It

The drafting materials and tools mentioned in the previous lesson include the basic
ones but essential for your initial understanding of technical drawing.

DRAFTING MATERIALS AND TOOLS, ITS USES/FUNCTIONS

PICTURE/ILLUSTRATION DESCRIPTION
Drawing Paper

There are varieties of drawing papers available

in the market. Hard and soft surface drawing
D. Rebucas,
2020 papers are extremely suggested to be the most
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effective. This sort of paper does not hollow
easily when pressure is applied to the pencil.
By convention, Oslo paper is used but you can
also
use bond paper.
Masking tape

This is used for fastening the paper on the work

table as a result it will keep the paper steady so
Jonie Mar D. Rebucas, 2020
it is easier to move the tools around while
drawing.
Pencil sharpener

Pencils ought to be sharpened whenever they

0
02
u ca
s,
2
show signs of dullness. There are different
b
Re
M
ar
D. kinds and styles available in the market you
nie
Jo
can purchase.

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 Eraser
It cleans the dirt off the drawing. Soft ones are
advantageous in removing smudges and pencil
marks, whereas, a solid eraser is beneficial for
creating changes and correcting errors within
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Jonie Mar
D. Rebucas, the drawing.

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 Ruler

A ruler is the preferred measuring tool,

especially for beginners. Most rulers are 6 or
12 inches long. It is required when drawing
sizes and distances.

What I Have Learned

Activity 3: Crossword puzzle

Directions: Complete the crossword by filling in a word that fits each clue.

1 2 3 4

6
R U L E R
5

Across
2. This is used for fastening the paper on
the work table as a result it will keep the
paper steady so it is easier to move the
tools around while drawing.
5. It cleans the dirt off the drawing.
Example:
6. Preferred measuring tool especially
for beginners. It is 6 or 12 inches long.
Down
1. It is a material use to draw on by a pencil or
pen.
3. Pencils ought to be sharpened whenever
they show signs of dullness.
4. This is a tool typically used in reproducing a
drawing to enlarge or reduce its form to some
regular proportion.

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 What I Can Do

Activity 4: Draw to Complete

Directions: Complete the table below by drawing the tools and equipment used in drafting.
An example is given for your guidance.
No. Drawing Function/Description
Example: Drawing Paper

Drawing paper is a material use to draw

Jonie Mar D. Re
bucas, 20
20
on by a pencil or pen.

1. Ruler

2. Erasing Shield

3. Eraser

4. Pencil

5. Triangular Scales

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Scoring Rubrics

Criteria 4 3 2 1
Have written the Have written all Have written 2-3 Have written only
correct functions 4 correct correct functions 1 correct function
Content of all tools/ functions of of tools/ of tool/
equipment. tools/equipment. equipment. equipment.

All drawings are Completed 4 Completed 2-3 Completed only 1

completed as drawings of drawings of tool/ drawing of tool/
Completeness
required. tool/equipment. equipment. equipment.

All drawings are There are four There are two- Only 1 drawing is
accurate. (4) drawings three (2-3) accurate.
Accuracy
that are drawings that
accurate. are accurate.
Drawings are The drawings Only a few Neither neat nor
exceptionally are neat and drawings are good at all.
Neatness
neat. good. neat and good.

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Lesson
Equipment in Technical
2 Drafting

What I Need to Know

At the end of this lesson, the learner is expected to:
LO 1.3. Classify hand tools and equipment according to function and task
requirement.

What’s In

We have learned in Lesson 1 about the different materials and hand tools used in
drafting. These are the most basic hand tools but essential in technical drafting.

Activity 1: Recall
Directions: Read each statement carefully. Identify what tool or drafting material is being
described.
1. It is a material use to draw on by a pencil or pen.
2. Pencils ought to be sharpened whenever they show signs of dullness.
3. This is a tool typically used in reproducing a drawing to enlarge or reduce its form to
some regular proportion.
4. This is used for fastening the paper on the worktable as a result it will keep the
paper steady so it is easier to move the tools around while drawing.
5. It cleans the dirt off the drawing.

What’s New

Activity 2: Drafting Equipment

Directions: Name the different drawing tools and equipment shown below.
No. Drawing Tools/Instruments No. Drawing Tools/Instruments
1. Jonie Mar D. Rebucas, 2020 2.

Jonie Mar D. Rebucas, 2020

7
8
 3. 4.
Jonie Mar D. Rebucas, 2020

2020
D. Rebucas,
Jonie Mar

5.

Jonie Mar D. Rebucas, 2020

What Is It
DRAWING EQUIPMENT
These are varieties of equipment employed in drafting. It is essential for drafters to
accurately draw objects, lines, and curves with precise dimensions. Measurements should
be uniform so individuals have common understanding and application within the production
and use of constructed objects.

PICTURE/ILLUSTRATION DESCRIPTION
T-Square

Drawing equipment used to draw horizontal

lines. Additionally, it can be used for guiding
triangles in drawing vertical lines. It is made
from wood, plastic, or a mix of each.

Types of T-square:

Fixed Head - the top is mounted to the

Jonie Mar D. Rebucas, 2020

blade. This type of T-square is used for

normal work.

Movable Head or Adjustable Head - the top

is adjustable and used just for occasional
drawing.

Detachable Head or Removable Head -

designed for comfort in carrying the drafting
instrument.

Source: K to 12 BEC Learning Module – Mechanical Drafting Grade 7/8 Exploratory Course

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Source: K to 12 BEC Learning Module – Mechanical Drafting Grade 7/8 Exploratory Course

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PICTURE/ILLUSTRATION DESCRIPTION
Triangle

A three-sided ruler that has usually two equal

sides with a 90-degree angle and its third
side is at 30, 45, or 60-degree angle. Made
of plastic and comes in numerous sizes. If in
use, the bottom of the Triangle should rest
on the T-square's blade. Drawing vertical
2020
lines should start from the bottom going
D. Rebucas,
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upward.

Commonly used triangles are:

a) 30x60 degrees
b) 45x45 degrees

Compass

Drawing arcs and circles is easier to draw

when using this equipment. It is identical to a
2020
divider; however, the compass has a pen leg
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and a needlepoint on another leg bind with a
handle. This drawing instrument is used for
penciling and inking.

Divider

Drawing equipment used to transfer

measurements, dividing lines, and arcs into
the specified range of equal components. It
simply transfers correct measurements by
2020
Rebucas,
Jonie Mar
D.
adjusting the divider points. Constant
practice is critical before doing an actual and
final drawing so that you can use it with
ease.

Protractor

It is a semi-circular instrument divided into

180-degree equal components. It determines
the gradations of the degrees in calculating
arcs, angles, and circles. Prime quality of
D. Rebucas,
2020 protractors is typically made from plastic.
Jonie Mar

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 What I Have Learned

Activity 3: Generalization
Directions: Answer the following questions. Write your answers on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. What is the purpose of technical drafting?

2. Why is drafting equipment important?

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 What I Can Do

Activity 4: Word Tiles

Directions: Rearrange the letter to create a word that best describes each of the given
statements below. An example is given for your guidance.

No. Equipment Function/Description

Ex Drawing equipment used to draw
horizontal lines. Additionally, it can be
Q T U S R A E
used for guiding triangles in drawing
Answer: T-SQUARE vertical lines.
1. A three-sided ruler that has usually two
equal sides with a 90-degree angle and its
third side is at 30, 45, or 60-degree angle.
E G A R T E N L

2. Drawing arcs and circles is easier to draw

when using this equipment.

3. It determines the gradations of the degrees

M O P C A S S in calculating arcs, angles, and circles.

4. Drawing equipment used to transfer

measurements, dividing lines, and arcs
T R O O P C R A R T
into the specified range of equal
components.

R E D D I V I

Activity 5: Where does it belong?

Directions: Group the tools and equipment according to their function and task requirement

Ruler Pencil Compass

Eraser T-square Paper

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 Basic Materials and Tools Measuring Tool
1. 4.
2. 5.
3. 6.

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 Assessment: (Post-Test)

I. Multiple Choice
Directions: Read and answer the questions below. Choose the drafting materials, tools,
and instruments applicable to a particular job.

1. Type of pencils that are very helpful in making designs and artwork of assorted kinds.
A. Eraser B. Compass C. Protractor D. Soft pencils

2. Type of pencils that are used for general purposes in drawing.

A. Eraser B. Pencil sharpener C. Medium pencils D. Soft pencils

3. A material that comes in variety and is used to draw on.

A. Divider B. Protractor C. Compass D. Drawing paper

4. Type of pencils used when extreme accuracy is needed particularly when drawing
graphs, diagrams, and charts.
A. Hard pencils B. Soft pencils C. Ruler D. Eraser

5. Type of T-square where the top is mounted to the blade and is used for normal work.
A. Divider B. Fixed Head C. Triangle D. Protractor

II. Matching Type

Directions: Match column A with column B. Write ONLY the letter of your chosen answer.
Column A Column B
1. Drawing arcs and circles is easier to draw when A. T-square
using this instrument.
2. It is a drawing instrument used to draw horizontal B. Drawing pencil
lines.
3. A tool most preferred for measuring especially for C. Triangle
beginners.
4. This is the foremost vital tool in drawing. It comes in D. Ruler
varied grades.
5. A three-sided ruler that has usually two equal sides E. Compass
with a 90-degree angle and its third side is at 30, 45,
or 60-degree angle. F. Eraser

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Key to Answers

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References
Dante B. Bernas and Mirasol F. Dasig; K to 12 BEC TLE Learning Module - Mechanical
Drafting for Grade 7/8; Module

Lamberto Dionisio, et al; K to 12 BEC TLE Learning Module - Mechanical Drafting for Grade
7/8

Drafting Equipment: http://kmhs.typepad.com/files/ch_03.pdf

Technical Drawing Tool: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technical_drawing_tool

Ned Millis; What Tools Are Used for Technical Drawings?

https://careertrend.com/list-6570934-tools-used-technical-drawings-.html

Technical Drawing by Northern Architecture

https://www.northernarchitecture.us/building-codes/technical-drawing.html

FlipHTML5 – Fundamentals of Engineering Drawings

http://online.fliphtml5.com/rmjj/cfsj/#p=1

Drawing Practice: Drawing Instruments and Materials (with video)

http://basictechnologynotes.blogspot.com/2013/10/jss-1-topic-5-drawing-practice-
drawing.html

Introduction to Engineering Drawing (video clip)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z4xZmBpXIzQ

Drafting Tools by Alvin Drafting (video clips for tutorials)

https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLJ7jO-mt2Ya9p6DaywhUijQZsrapLHmCD

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