Foundation of Special and Inclusive Education

Speech Impairment And Multiple Physical Impairment

Speech Impairment
People who have speech impairments have a hard time pronouncing different
speech sounds. They might distort the sounds of some words and leave other
sounds out completely.

Three general categories of speech impairment

FLUENCY DISORDER
This type can be described as continuity, smoothness, rate, and effort in
speech production.

VOICE DISORDER
A voice disorder means you have an atypical tone of voice. It could be an
unusual pitch, quality, resonance, or volume.

ARTICULATION DISORDER
If you have an articulation disorder, you might distort certain sounds. You
could also fully omit sounds.

Types of Speech Impairments

Childhood apraxia of speech - This can happen to children when it’s time for
them to start talking.

Dysarthria - This type of speech impairment happens when the muscles you
use to talk are too weak, and can’t form words properly.

Orofacial myofunctional disorders (OMD) - OMDs are characterized by an

abnormal pattern of facial muscle use. OMD interferes with how the facial
muscles, including the tongue, are used.

Speech Sound Disorders - It’s normal for children to struggle to pronounce

certain sounds as they learn to talk.

Stuttering - Stuttering can mean repeating words or sounds like “uh” and “um”
(disfluencies) involuntarily.

Voice - A voice disorder can mean you “lost” your voice because you stressed
it too much.

Multiple Physical Impairment

Multiple physical impairments (MPI) refer to a condition in which an individual
experiences limitations or difficulties in multiple areas of physical functioning.
These impairments may affect various parts of the body, such as the limbs,
muscles, joints, or other bodily systems. MPI is a broad term that
encompasses a range of physical disabilities and challenges.

Types of Multiple Physical Impairment

Cerebral Palsy
Muscular Dystrophy
Spina Bifida
Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita (AMC)
Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita (AMC)
Orthopedic Impairments
Traumatic Injuries