Name :Tanishi Sunha

Regn.. no. i Z 0 06OS S

Ecenems Aut.
DNatenal Sncon i
Concepls &vansus melkal
measusment
Nationaincome o any counby m
value o qood,'a soee fhaducedmeans he canple
y any
ceneguance of all ecanlme aclites that ase
s valuad n counby duny tho pensd oflya.d
delenniiny the prognes th nnby.
dome concehls f national income cludo:
GDP CGs6s Doate Prhodutl
gaoda A soes :Money alua all
hscdued wthin the damestu domain wih the
arailallses wrces
GDP= Pice x
C (Consunsion )+I
+[X-MI Cnet Cinestment) +Gh lonoreaperdla
2. forein capoa)
GNPCanes Natonal Product): Market vauof benal
qoeda &seNe Jraduced in ayh. bythe sudents he
gurbs wthia the domee torsitoy u welas alhoad.
GaN- GnDP + NÉIA (Net factn ncome fom alnoad)
3 NNP CNet Natnal trsduct l at meket hice:
Mosket alue f
Anet factos incomt tsm alhsad
NNPs NP- Detiaton-IIinduct taxes)
NNatonal lncone)i Total ncame arned y rasouhcas for
thes contiblon land, alau, cafai Lmgangdend ablty
NINNP +Susds-Intiest Iae

6 PC (fen (sfia lncome): toal Natonal lncsne / To

Naten al pop
 Jhere a 3 melhods
melhods
. Vale Addecd fcalulatng
/Pxsduct mthod
natonal incone :
to
calculato
tkie the value added Lea national
jsoduet dusing incone by
th vaigu
of hhsducten n aLcSt. According to this, the sages
fosmula lecomes.:
N=GNP-CosfcafalPrecaten -Indiseet tames
2.afendise metkod
We cancalenlato N by
NI=National Paoduct - Natonal npendia
3. Lncemu metho
It ubased nth mcome qennateed by the induidal l
prording srices ts tho other hasfle in the coubhy eike
indudually nby wsung the ase Za at diasal. st can be
calculatad as
NI= Comjematon fnplayas theraing suháu
aWaqes d balaries t Rental InLGnet hafit + Mined lncomel+
Net income t Net factor àcama franahoad
facto incan
bome flour chet dahidag. cinculas fleur incene d
Bendituse in an eLonony
Sine
Menytfon
g 4fna
)
Fms
Heuse
Money fornputa)

Facts inuta
 Househelds

Othen
antie Spending Tones tncoms
theotmet
loedeLenomies ae smlas to ohen economls, u

Infloten Theories
Sn cconmics, inflalon refes to the stained inchease
in the general pic luel o goods 4 servie in an
svn a hvisd of me, hes in a deoease in the huchaing

These
Demand Pall o fsay Thesy sf
Cmmna yhe
fifaiant situakon in which
i a
inflatonMot
aggregao damandat tbe astng hrice levelfaneeeds
agegat wuhhly. besda mayle in shet uhhly eithes lecavse
ae fuly wtiliged on pnoduchion can t be inclased
rafudly meet the inercasng demandi
I
2.Cot push infaten iJho iasie cuse fcat push nflatonie
the sie ln
many wnges mose hafidiy than
of lalondse knaun as utfly ide inflatonthe jhodu~i
tate that inflaton oduen by incneo in the cat o
preduein,
duchas iing wnge o haur maeial prices When buinewes
hiaho sadchem cos,toy oftn pas these csst on o Conmessface
tngh highea posces.
Jem ths theoies include
Meneasy troy of infaon Thia theeny is claaly asaislud ailh he
quantity
y
they 4 meney-t nques that inflaian i pauiztasihy cased
an inlaye in the money suhhly that exeedo the qnuih nate af
ecn omy When theb
money avnilalte nalatiely te the jusduckamf
 wll ie n

, thay may adyust tnin behsuiow by damandng hgh

Jea making hinchases eanlis,which can cobnde to
3.
Suctual inflaln: Shseme asea, wlain studunas focor in
can lead to hansistant inflalisn .Thia might include
an

like
kke safjsy chain bottlaneck, gort þolcia, segulatio
that unhilit conhetitin
4Built in inflaioni dometna, nflaton Lacan becenu DY
ohatuatng due fudback loeu. fa instance ,atin soien
domand
bhanessesinhease fosuies to cara these highn lalsen costo

Demad pull inflation

AS,
nhsducien te lruscs cycle
cConomie acturiy inin aaqutneconony
gutn econony An ebnony
GDP CBtases. oweer, while they economc
gAsuth hahena, it iw flincyinersyhted
y a seies montidarily
uses usnss cls whese ecenomic
declnes acbiiy
Jhe tu hw of
facton & winess cycles
ycles include ycls cawed yeaagensu
includd
hae causcd by
kefea to tzose facto thatae inlonal facos. Eaogensuqailou
not vnheunt tos the ecs
Lhtanal
Intonal
the factos
ecenomic on he olten hard, efu to
sysom
facleu that ase aihin
These ahe 44 tages of a
businos cycl Ihee includs th heak,
The heak hafus te tho esod
Monalasy magimum. Ataheak when economáe actiity has eached
almest achiaed full the economy hao achiaed on
enplaymenA,
egual to itt potantiaé sulput. The
its acal outhut isu nean
an ase in
nchease
juuze luel. oemy tyially cafusin
A. seesin follous a heak Dusing aheceon, these
ahalidceclinein isa
the
mly mnt Aese, Hemationalolpat stut, incame 4
acwityn sthu wde, cconsic cothactie feeconic
nomic actuity shinku, and ceslain
setossheduce in
chasoclesged
lertls of uneny loymant s busnesses shsink by hgh
d t deu thais
Afa bas heackad t
wwhe enmic
aduity loetThis nens thal thes can
Gnlyce a hise Ln eensnic
econsnc aclay goa donthesdeu, theit wasnata
aue at then Louotfa he cycle
An ecpanslen ia the neet met. ofcconemie activiyaate
 aeie atiy as he the natie
thtinceme Aembloymet all begn la suea
fuit emplayment. Tnthis phak, Iounndy
hahidly
This Assulb in a
angay
hoduaisn
utpace the phodcn
hafud incALase n
the
in the ineee
ecommy
aama
psCe laned
whchu ta as

Peak
Peak

TDeresien

Sone causes aine ay les includ

ghsequlan innaaken
ChangeA in fheduuriy
Montasy fecto
)Palitcal eresta
finanial instali