HUSSAINI ADAMU FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC KAZAURE

P.M.B 5004

COLLEGE OF ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

(C E S)

TECHNICAL REPORT

ON

STUDENTS INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME (SIWES)

AT

MARCX AND CONSTRUCTION COMPANY LIMITED, 136, MARMARA QRTS, KANO,

KANO STATE

BY

MUHAMMAD AUWAL UMAR

ND/ARCH/19/023

SUPERVISED: BY

ARC.ABUBAKAR NURA MAIWADA

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURAL TECHNOLOGY

DECEMBER,2021
 DECLARATION

I declared that this technical report was done by MUHAMMAD AUWAL UMAR with my registration
number ND/ARCH/19/023 under the Supervision of ARC.ABUBAKAR NURA MAIWADA of
ARCHITECTURAL TECHNOLOGY in Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University. Bauchi state.
 DEDICATION

In the name of Allah the most beneficent the most merciful all praise due to Allah,may Allah pray to the
prophet Muhammad (S.A.W) peace be upon him and his companion with his great family. This SIWES
Technical report is dedicated to my beloved father,mother,my Head of Department,my Supervisors and
the remaining lecturers.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

My Sincere thanks and grateful goes to Almighty Allah who has given me the health,wealth,and
Opportunity to attend this course.This SIWES Technical report Could not have been possible without the
Contribution,Assistance,Cooperation and Understanding of my head of department ARC.SAMUEL PETER
of Architectural technology Department,Who nominated me for this report.

I am grateful Indebted to my Supervisor ARC.ABUBAKAR NURA MAIWADA For his Suggestion and
Correction of the technical report Script as well as his Guidance and help.

My Uncountable Sincere thanks goes to Parents Who gave Courage,and Assistance for the Completion
of this report.
 ABSTRACT
This report is a summary of the experience I acquired during my 4 months Students' Industrial Work
Experience Scheme (SIWES) in MARCX AND CONSTRUCTION COMPANY LIMITED, 136, MARMARA QRTS,
KANO.

highlights majorly on Architectural technolog,Construction and Project Management, giving a full

enlightenment on equipment’s used in Construction, as well as variou Residential Building and
processes, giving a clear idea of the student involvement in all operational activities carried out in the
Construction Firm.
 APPROVAL PAGE

This SIWES Technical report has been critically Approved as meeting the Requirement for the Award of
National Diploma in Architectural technology.

Supervisor. Signed & Date...................…....

SIWES Coordinator. Signed & Date............................

H.O.D. Signed & Date.............................

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page……………………………………………………………………………………….............................…..i

Declaration…………………………………………………………………………………..…...............................ii

Dedication..………….………………………………………………….……………………................................iii

Acknowledgement…………………………………………………………………………..............................iv

Abstract……………………………………………………………………..…………...…...................................v

Table of Content…………………………………………………………………….......................................vi

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Introduction............................................................................................................0

1.1 Definition of Siwes.................................................................................................1

1.2 Important of siwes.................................................................................................2

1.3 Students industrial work experience scheme......................................................3

1.4 Aims and Objectives...............................................................................................4

1.5 Agencies of siwes...................................................................................................5

1.6 Role of ITF in siwes.................................................................................................6

1.7 Siwes duration..........................................................................................................7

1.8 Funding of siwes.......................................................................................................8

CHAPTER TWO

2.1 Introduction...............................................................................................................1
2.2 Major function of constructin.................................................................................2

CHAPTER THREE

3.1 Materials...................................................................................................................1

3.1.1 Cement...................................................................................................................2

3.1.2 Sand or Fine Aggregate:........................................................................................3

3.1.3 Coarse aggregate:...................................................................................................................4

3.1.4 Water:........................................................................................................................................5

3.1.5 Timber:......................................................................................................................................6

3.1.6 Reinforcements:.......................................................................................................................7

3.1.7 Concrete: ..................................................................................................................................8

3.2.1 Excavation................................................................................................................................9

3.2.2 Excavated Material.................................................................................................................10

CHAPTER FOUR

4.1 Construction of plaza................................................................................................................1

4.2 Construction of residential building at hotoro kano..............................................................2

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0 Siwes challenge.........................................................................................................................1

5.1: Conclusion.................................................................................................................................2

5.2: Rmecommendation..................................................................................................................3
 CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

The Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) is a skill training programmed, which forms
part of the approved minimum academic standards in the various Degree/Diploma/NCE programs for all
Nigerian tertiary institutions. It seeks to bridge the gap existing between theory and practice of
engineering, technology, science and others professional educational programs in Nigerian tertiary
institutions.

It is aimed to exposing students to machines and equipments, professional work methods and ways of
safeguarding the work areas and workers in industry and other organization. The scheme is a tripartite
programmed involve the tertiary institution and industry (employers of labor) and Industrial Training
Fund (ITF).

1.1 DEFINITION OF SIWES

SIWES Is a skill development program designs to prepare students of Universities,Polytechnics and

college of Education for transition from the college environment to work.This work Experience program
gives Students the Opportunity to be part of an actual work Situation outside the Classroom.SIWES is a
cooperative industrial internship program that involves institutions higher learning,industrial,the federal
government of Nigeria,Industrial training fund (ITF),Nigeria Universities commission (NUC) and
NBTE/NCCE in Nigeria.Students that participate in this work experience program include those Studying
engineering,library science,vocational,technological and related courses in institution of higher
learning.SIWES Forms part of the approved Minimum Academic Standards in this institution.

1.2 IMPORTANT OF SIWES

1. It exposes students to more practical work methods and techniques in architectural technology.
2. It provides students in architectural technology with an opportunity to apply their theoretical
knowledge to real life situations.

3. It enables students in architectural technology to gain experience in handling equipment and

machineries.

4. It provides an environment whereby students in architectural technology can develop their creativity
and interpersonal skills through software design techniques.

5. It is one of the requirements for the award of Bachelors of Science Degree (B.Sc.) in architectural
technology.

1.3 STUDENTS INDUSTRIAL WORKING EXPERIENCE SCHEME

The word SIWES means Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES). This scheme is wholly
organized, funded and directed by the ITF for undergoing students in such discipline as area of
Engineering, Science, Technology, Architecture and other relate courses all over the country.

1.4 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE SIWES

The Following are some of the main aims and objectives of SIWES is to:

 To provide opportunities for students in Nigerian Universities and Polytechnics by impacting and
great deal of industrial skills and experiences in their different field of studies.
 To expose students to different equipments and machinery that they were not be able to
handle in their respective schools.
 To give students opportunities to apply their theoretical knowledge on and there by bringing the
gap between class work and practical field work.
 To make transition from Polytechnics to the world of work easier and thus enhance students
contact later job placement after graduation.
 To enlist and strengthen employer’s involvement in the entire educational process of preparing
Polytechnics graduate for employment in industry.
  To give students the Ability to try and apply the given knowledge.
 To provide students with industrial skills and needed experience while in the course of study.
 To prepare Specialists who will be ready for any working situations immediately after
graduation.
 To create conditions and circumstances,which can be as close as possible to the actual work
flow.
 To teach students the techniques and methods of working with facilities and equipment that
may not be available within the walls of an educational institution.

1.5 AGENCIES OF SIWES

ITF has solicited the collaboration and assistance of the under listed bodies to maximize the benefits
from SIWES as well as ensure full participation of targets students.

 The National Universities Commission ( NUC)

 The National Board for Technical Education (NBTE)
 The Commission for College of Education (NCCE)

These bodies were charged with certain responsibilities among which are:

To improve SIWES placements submitted to them by respective school.

To approve student’s names on placement list submitted to them for the purpose of employment.

1.6 ROLES OF ITF IN SIWES

Gideon (1990: 12) posted out that the main roles of ITF in SIWES are to:

Liaise with the SIWES agencies to ensure prompt receipt and processing of placement list.
Coordinate direct and finance the SIWES program in all it is ramifications.
Provide funds for the payment of student’s attachment stipend and lecturer supervisory
allowance.
Supervise students on attachment in different organization across the country.
 Encourage establishment of SIWES in all National Universities and other institutions of high
learning so as to provide for easy and effective coordination of all SIWES matters.

1.7 SIWES DURATION

The duration of SIWES depend on the academic calendar of each school and differs from school to
school. In any Polytechnics in the country covered a period of four months in SIWES.

1.8 FUNDING OF SIWES

The Federal Government of Nigeria is responsible for providing the funds necessary for the overall
implementation of SIWES. So far the Federal Government has lived up to it responsibility by paying each
student an attachment the sum of ₦2,500.00 every month and a supervisory allowance to the students
institutions.

CHAPTER TWO

2.1 INTORDUCTION

Construction supervision of Architectural project involves checking the setting out,maintainingsite

records, verifying quality of materials and workmanship valuing works, holding site meetings, handling
design and budget changes certifying works, handling dispute and claims. Construction supervision
ensures that projects are built according to design and specifications taking care of the quality of works.
The client after all the procurement processes awards the construction to the contractors: for the
actualization of the project. Architectural infrastructure in a district project includes provision of roads
of various grads, bridges, culverts, surface water drainage, waste water drainage systems, water

distribution networks, electrical power supply and street lighting and telecommunication ducts.

2.2 Major function of construction & project management department

It involves Specifying project objectives and plans including , budgeting, scheduling, setting performance
requirements, selecting project participants and maximizing the resource efficiency through procurement
of labor, materials and equipment.

The units/section I fully participated in during the time of my six-month internship under Construction &
Project Management Department are:

Structural Section: This section demands proper understanding and calculations involving the stability,
strength and rigidity of built structures and nonbuilding structures, to develop designs and integrate their
design with that of the designers, and to supervise construction of projects on site.

Reinforcement & Steel Worker Section: This section is responsible for laying out and fabricating
structural steel and metal sheet in order to build metal structures. Welds and cuts steel, interprets
blueprints, and works with concrete reinforcing steel bars.

Quantity Surveying Section: This section provides expert advice on construction costs. They help to
ensure that proposed projects are affordable and offer good value for money, helping the client and the
design team assess and compare different options, and then track variations, ensuring that costs remain
under control as the project progresses.

Carpentry Section: This section involves the principal work performed by carpenters in the cutting,
shaping and installation of building materials during the construction of buildings and concrete formwork,
etc
 CHAPTER THREE

3.1 MATERIALS

3.1.1 Cement: A fine gray powder of calcined limestone and clay, which when mixed with water and
sand to make mortar, or with water, sand (fine aggregate), and coarse aggregate (gravel) to form
concrete. It is also called a binder used to bind sand, coarse aggregate together when mixed with water.
Cement is a commonly used binding material in construction; cement is obtained by burning the mixture
of calcareous (calcium) and argillaceous (clay) material at very high temperature, and then grinding the
clinker so produced to fine powder.

3.1.2 Sand or Fine Aggregate: material made of tiny grains, consist of fine loose grains of rocks or
minerals, usually quartz fragments, found in souls which is used as a building material.

3.1.3 Coarse aggregate: they are loose sediments of sedimentary rocks, or small rocks used for paths or
for making concrete. They can be of differences sizes prior to their place of application.

3.1.4 Water: clear colorless liquid, odorless, and tasteless when pure, that occurs as rainfall, (H 2O) which
is the chemical formula, used in building construction in the production of concrete, mortar, and curing
of various structural elements.

3.1.5 Timber: these were provided for the construction of formworks to Slabs, Columns, Beams Ramps
and Staircases. Some

3.1.6 Reinforcements: these are provided in concrete to take care of tensile stresses, they are made of
steel and are provided to Beams, Columns, Staircases, retaining Walls etc. they are of different
diameters such as 25mm, 20mm, 16mm, 12mm, 10mm etc. reinforcements are of different grades Y/T
specify the reinforcement to be of High Yield strength while R specifies the reinforcement to be of Low
yield strength.

3.1.7 Concrete: a mixture of cement, sand, aggregate and water in specific proportion that hardens to a
strong stony consistency over varying length of time. The introduction of reinforcements to concrete
gives the concrete the required tensile property it needs and this could either be Reinforced Concrete
(RCC) and Pre-Stressed Concrete (PRC).

Reinforced concrete columns underground level C35/45 - XC2, XD1- dmax=22mm - Cl<2%-S4

Reinforced concrete perimeter walls underground level C30/37 – XC2, XA1, XD1 - dmax=22mm-Cl<2%-S4
Reinforced concrete walls (communication areas) underground level C30/37 - XC2, XD1 - dmax=22mm -
Cl<2% - S4
Reinforced concrete walls (communication areas) upper levels C30/37 – XC1 - dmax=22mm - Cl<2% - S4
Reinforced concrete slabs C30/37 – XC1 - dmax=22mm - Cl<2% - S4

Reinforced concrete foundations C25/30 - XC3, XA1, XD1 - dmax=22mm - Cl<2% - S4 - Xypex
Reinforced concrete of precast staircase elements C30/37 – XC1 - dmax=22mm - Cl<2% - S4
Reinforced concrete piles C25/30 - XC3, XA1 - dmax=22mm - Cl<2% - S4

3.2.1 Excavation

Before any excavation, including the removal of any areas of unsuitable materials, cross-sections should
be taken of the undisturbed ground. From this information, and the cross sections taken of the
completed road, earthwork quantities can be calculated. No existing material, which will remain in the
completed works, should be loosened unnecessarily during excavation. Excavation works, along with all
construction activities, must be undertaken in as safe a manner as possible to minimize the dangers to
road users and the contractors personnel.

3.2.2 Excavated Material

Excavated materials need assessing as suitable or unsuitable. Suitable materials should be used when
possible in the works. The excavated materials can be temporarily stockpiled, but must cause no
damage to roads, services or property and not prevent water draining from the road or from the
surrounding land.

Any excess suitable material, which is not required for the construction of the Works or any material
classified as unsuitable is the property of RHD. The Contractor should stockpile these materials
separately, as directed, or place the

material in an approved location on site. To be suitable as fill material the soil must not contain any
vegetable matter. To be suitable as road pavement the requirements for sub base or base materials
must be met. Materials excavated from existing road pavements may meet the necessary requirements
directly, or after breaking and mixing with other materials.
 CHAPTER FOUR

5.1 Construction of plaza

1: Be Thoughtful About the Plaza Location

Ideally, you want your plaza to be located “where the action is,” such as in your downtown or a
neighborhood commercial center. A public gathering place that is situated in an isolated, out-of-sight
location is less likely to be successful.
It is also helpful to have your plaza situated next, or adjacent to, land uses/businesses that attract
people. Examples include:

Pedestrian-Oriented Retail (or other businesses that appeal to a lot of people), such as:

Eating and drinking establishments, such as restaurants, coffee shops, and brewpubs; and

Small-scale retail.

Buildings Used by Large Numbers of People, such as

Libraries

Community Centers

Administrative Centers (e.g., City Hall)

When locating a new civic building, think about whether locating it next to an existing public gathering
place would help “activate” the space and result in greater usage by the public. Conversely, it may be
more feasible to incorporate an active plaza into the site design of a new civic use. A good location will
draw people into a small park or plaza, which in turn will make them feel comfortable being there and
want to use it on a regular basis.If the adjacent buildings don’t have windows or doorways opening onto
your public gathering place, then encourage the addition of physical structures or activities that will
attract people, such as an outdoor seating area related to an adjacent restaurant or coffee shop.
Another option may be to encourage a small food/beverage stand to locate within your public plaza, or
a mobile food cart to operate in the right-of-way next to the plaza.

3: Program Your Public Space

Another way to make a plaza lively and attractive to people is to provide a program of different activities
within it. Programmed events and activities will draw people to a public space. If you are interested in
increasing the use of a public gathering place, you should consider establishing a regular series of
activities, including but not limited to:

Music and theatrical performances;

Outdoor movie nights;

Major cultural and holiday celebrations;

A farmers market; and

The list goes on…

2: Encourage Visual and Physical Connections with Adjacent “Active Use” Buildings

Having a public plaza be visible from nearby “active use” buildings’ windows will increase a plaza’s
appeal, because an outdoor space will feel safer if it can be seen by people sitting in an adjacent
restaurant or working in a nearby business. This “eyes on the street” condition allows for natural
surveillance of a public gathering space, which increases the perceived and actual safety of that space.
Having the entrances of adjacent, pedestrian-friendly businesses open onto a plaza can help increase
foot traffic activity through the area.

5.2 Construction of residential building at hotoro kano

Residential building in Letnany in Prague is designed. The building is located in the outer border area of
Prague in a newly developed residential area. The residential building is designed economically and
utilizing modern ways of design and construction. The project emphasizes on good quality. The project
utilized orthogonal architecture to blend in with the surrounding. Czech and Euro codes were used during
design.
Building is also equipped with balconies. Entrance to the garage is from the level of Outside Street.
There is no ramp. Underground level floor is in the same height as surrounding street level. Entrance to
the building is from the intermediate level of staircase. It is one staircase wing downstairs to the garage
and one staircase wing up to the apartment areas. In the entrance area there is common residential
building equipment such as cleaning room and staller room. Underground floor is used mainly for
parking, there is also storage areas and technical room. The building is not designed specifically for use of
disabled people. Disabled people will be in the building not permanently, only occasionally.Underground
level of the building is not fully and whole under surrounding ground, but it is only half underground.
Therefore there is no need of entering the object via ramp from the street but the garage is in the same
level as the pavement of the street.
 CHAPTER FIVE

5.0: SIWES CHALLENGE.

1. A week strike occurred during the internship program which principally was a general strike for all
construction workers in the country there by, a week without work elongated the project time for
completion.

2. Due to long hours of transporting materials needed on site (shipping imported materials), there were
days whereby petite activities took place, thus limiting work progress on site.
3. Inadequate equipment to carry out some tests in the quality control section limited my experience
concerning test for rear.

4. During my first few weeks, I had difficulties understanding a lot of the terms and terminologies that
was used at the office because a lot of them were very new to me. This made it hard for me to follow
the procedures.

5. I wasn’t able to visit other on-going projects by Marcx and construction company limited
136,Marmara Qrts,kano.

5.1: CONCLUSION

This report has been able to x-ray an account of the entire work – experience garnered by me during my
SIWES program at Marcx and construction company limited 136, Marmara Qrts, kano which is a core
scheme in ITF and which is saddled with the responsibility of strengthening the effective teaching and
learning of skill based course such as Architectural Technology. I therefore concludes that SIWES is of
great benefit to students in tertiary institutions. It therefore implies that the proper and effective
administration of SIWES will go a long way in boosting and enhancing the competencies of the
workforce of the country. I also concluded that SIWES is confronted with series of challenges and this
may have hindered the realization of the goals and objectives of the scheme and it therefore needs to
be given attention by all concerned stakeholders. Also, my general relationship withpeople and also
work ethics has increased greatly.

5.2: RECOMMENDATION

In view of the relevance of the SIWES program, it is important that it is sustained by the government
through the Industrial Training Fund (ITF) as it exposes the student to work tools, facilities, and
equipment that may not be available in their respective institutions in relation to their course of study.

To this end, I recommend that the following under-listed points should be implemented:

i. Students’ Industrial Works Experience Scheme (SIWES) needs to be strengthened by all concerned
stakeholder in order for its objectives to be fully realized.

ii. Regular monthly allowances for students on attachment should be paid promptly.
iii. Organizations should always accept students for SIWES and subsequently assign them to relevant
jobs.

iv. Experience staff should always be made to train the students on attachment

v. There should be more funding of the scheme by the government in order for it to be more effective.

vi. The companies should put in place all the necessary facilities needed to enhance the knowledge of
the student in industrial attachment.

vii. It will be of great benefit if the institution can create a platform whereby student can obtain pre-
siwes knowledge or excursion programs.

REFERENCES

 Craig, R. L. (1987). Training and development handbook: A guide to human resource

development (3rd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.

 Structural Use of Concrete. Part 1: Code of Practice for Design and Construction. BS 8110.

(1985). London: BSI.

 Loading for buildings. (1997). London: British Standards Institution.

 COREN (1991). Supervised Industrial Training Scheme in Engineering (SITSIE). Council of

Registered Engineers of Nigeria.

 Ekpenyong, L.E. (2011). Foundations of Technical and Vocational Education: Evolution and

Practice for Nigerian Students in TVE and Adult Education, Policy Makers & Practitioners.

 Ekwue, K.C. & Eluro, D.C. (2002). Business Education for industry. The SIWES Experience.

Business Education Journal, 11(5), 9-14.

 ITF (1973). Policy Document No 1. Industrial Training Fund, Jos, Nigeria.

 Oyenuga, V. O. (2011). Simplified Reinforced Concrete design, (2nd ed.), chapters 3 - 7.