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SYLLABUS

• Empathetic Listening
• Considerate Speaking
• Analytical Reading
Informed Writing

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Effective communication is the ability to convey your thoughts, ideas, and
feelings to others in a clear and concise way, and to understand the thoughts,
ideas, and feelings of others. It is an essential skill in all aspects of life, from
personal relationships to professional success.
There are many different elements of effective communication, but some of the
most important are :-

Active listening is more than just hearing what the other person is saying. It
involves paying attention to their body language, facial expressions, and tone
of voice, as well as their words. It also involves asking clarifying questions and
summarizing what you have heard to ensure understanding.

When you are communicating, it is important to be clear and concise in your

message. Avoid using jargon or technical language that your audience may not
understand. Be specific and to the point, and avoid rambling.

Empathy is the ability to see things from another person's perspective. When
you are communicating, try to put yourself in the other person's shoes and
understand their needs and wants. This will help you to communicate in a way
that is more likely to be effective.

It is important to be respectful of your audience, even if you disagree with

them. Avoid using personal attacks or insults. Instead, focus on the facts and
your own perspective.

Nonverbal communication is just as important as verbal communication. Make

sure that your body language, facial expressions, and tone of voice are
consistent with your message.
Empathetic listening is the ability to listen to and understand another person's
feelings and perspectives. It is the process of making an emotional connection
with someone who is speaking.

It is therefore an extension of active listening, but requires a conscious

and much stronger focus on feelings. Crucially, empathic listening
gives the speaker space to feel heard and validated.
The main aim of empathic listening is usually to provide support or
encouragement to the speaker.
This therefore sets it apart from other forms of
active listening, where the goal is to
understand the communication and respond in
whatever way seems most appropriate.
There are many benefits to empathetic listening. It can help you to
build stronger relationships, improve communication, and resolve
conflict. It can also help you to learn and grow as a person.
It is a skill that can be learned and improved with practice.

First of all, of course, empathic listening requires empathy. This means trying
to see the world from the other person's perspective and understand how they
are feeling.

Empathic listening requires you to give the speaker your full attention. This
means putting away your phone, making eye contact, and focusing on the other
person. For example, when you are focused on someone, you tend to mirror
their body language. Nodding is also a way to encourage speaking.
This means paying attention to the other person's words, body
language, and tone of voice. It also means asking clarifying
questions and summarizing what you have heard to ensure understanding.

Empathic listening requires you to put aside your own opinions and views, and
concentrate wholly on the speaker. Importantly, you need to show that you
accept the speaker’s message, even if you don’t necessarily agree with it.

If your partner is having a bad day, you can listen empathetically by

asking them what's wrong, listening to their response without judgment,
and offering support.
If you are having a disagreement with a colleague, you can listen
empathetically by trying to understand their perspective and explaining
your own perspective in a calm and respectful way.
If your child is misbehaving, you can listen empathetically by trying to
understand why they are misbehaving and helping them to find a more
appropriate way to express their feelings.

Considerate speaking is the practice of communicating with others in a way

that is mindful of their feelings, needs, and perspectives. It means being aware
of the impact that your words can have on others, and choosing to speak in a
way that is respectful, supportive, and inclusive.
Considerate speaking can be a powerful tool for effective communication in
everyday life. When we speak considerately, we are more likely to be heard
and understood, and we are more likely to build trust and rapport with others.

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Your tone of voice can communicate just as much as your words, so it's
important to be aware of how you're sounding. Avoid speaking in a tone that
could be perceived as aggressive, dismissive, or mocking.

Even if you disagree with someone, it's important to listen to their perspective
with respect and try to understand where they're coming from. Avoid
interrupting or talking over others, and avoid using personal attacks or insults.

Avoid using language that is discriminatory or offensive to certain groups of

people. This includes avoiding stereotypes, generalizations, and slurs.

Consider who you're speaking to and what they may already know about the
topic. Tailor your language and approach accordingly.

Avoid bringing up sensitive topics at inappropriate times or places. For

example, it's probably not a good idea to start a difficult conversation with
your boss right before a meeting.

When giving feedback to someone, be specific and constructive, and

avoid making personal attacks.
When having a difficult conversation with someone, try to see things
from their perspective and be respectful of their feelings.
When speaking to someone who is different from you, avoid making
generalizations or assumptions about them.
 When speaking in a group setting, be mindful of the different
communication styles of the people in the group, and try to
include everyone in the conversation.
When using social media, be mindful of the impact that your words
can have on others, and avoid posting anything that is offensive or
harmful.
Instead of saying "You're so stupid," you could say "I don't understand
that. Can you explain it to me?"
Instead of saying "I'm so busy, I don't have time to talk," you could say
"I'm really busy right now, but can we talk later?"

Analytical reading is a high-level cognitive skill that involves critically

examining a text to understand its meaning, purpose, and significance. It goes
beyond simply comprehending the literal words on the page to exploring the
author's intent, the evidence and reasoning they use, and the implications of
their ideas.
Analytical reading is an essential skill for students, professionals, and anyone
who wants to get the most out of their reading.

Analytical readers are able to identify and absorb the key ideas in a text, even
complex or challenging ones. They can also connect new information to what
they already know, which helps them to build a deeper understanding of the
subject matter.

Analytical readers are able to evaluate the evidence and reasoning presented in
a text, and to identify any potential biases or fallacies. They can also form their
own informed opinions and conclusions, even if they disagree with the author.
Analytical readers are able to synthesize information from multiple
sources and to present their own ideas in a clear and concise way.
They can also support their arguments with evidence and reasoning, and to
anticipate and address counterarguments.

.
Before you start reading, take a few minutes to skim the text and identify the
main topic, subtopics, and supporting evidence. This will give you a general
overview of the text and help you to focus your reading.

.
As you read, engage with the text by asking yourself questions, such as:
What is the author's main point?
What evidence and reasoning does the author use to support their claim?
Do I agree with the author's argument? Why or why not?
What are the implications of the author's ideas?

.
As you read, take notes on the main ideas, supporting evidence, and your own
thoughts and reactions. This will help you to remember what you have read
and to develop your own analysis of the text.

Informed writing is writing that is based on accurate and up-to-date

information. It is writing that is well-researched and that presents the facts in a
fair and objective way. Informed writing is essential in many different
contexts, including academic writing, professional writing, and journalistic
writing.

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When you are researching a topic, it is important to choose sources that
are credible and authoritative. This means avoiding sources that are biased,
poorly researched, or simply outdated.

Don't rely on just one source to support your claims. Instead, gather evidence
from multiple sources to provide a more complete and balanced perspective.

Not all sources are created equal. It is important to evaluate the evidence you
gather critically to determine its accuracy and relevance. This means
considering the author's credentials, the methodology used, and any potential
biases.

When you use information from other sources, it is important to cite them
correctly. This gives credit to the original authors and allows your readers to
track down the original sources if they want to learn more.

Your thesis statement should clearly state the main point of your essay or
article. It should be specific and arguable, meaning that it should take a stand
on a particular issue.

Don't just make assertions; back up your claims with evidence from reliable
sources. This evidence can include facts, statistics, expert opinions, and
personal anecdotes.

Avoid stating your opinions as facts. Instead, present the facts and let your
readers draw their own conclusions.
Avoid using jargon and technical language that your readers may
not understand. Instead, write in a clear and concise style that is easy
to read.

Before you submit your writing, proofread it carefully to catch any errors in
grammar, spelling, or punctuation.

 A research paper written by a student for a class assignment.

The student would be expected to research a topic thoroughly and to
present their findings in a clear and concise way, using evidence from
reliable sources to support their claims.

 A business proposal written by a professional to a potential client.

The proposal would need to be well-researched and informative, and it
would need to present the client with a clear and compelling solution to
their problem.
 A news article written by a journalist. The article would need to be
accurate and objective, and it would need to present the facts in a way
that is easy for readers to understand.

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