Science 9 Fourth Quarter Learning Activity Sheet

MELC: Describe the horizontal and vertical motions of a projectile (S9FE-IVa34)

Day 1: Differentiate uniform motion and uniformly accelerated motion.

Introduction:
Motion, in physics, change with time of the position or orientation of a body. When a body moves in one
direction at a constant speed or its velocity is constant, it shows a Uniform Motion. Since there is no change in its
motion, therefore the body is not accelerating in a uniform motion. (shown in Figure 1)
Meanwhile, if a body changes its velocity or either speeds up or slows down in one direction, it is accelerating. Yet in this
example shown in Figure 1, the acceleration is uniform and constant, this is called Uniform Acceleration or Uniform
accelerated motion.

Figure 1: A body that is in Uniform Motion and Uniform Acceleration

PART I: Instructions: Differentiate Uniform Motion and Uniformly Accelerated Motion by sorting the following phrases
or statements in the Venn diagram.

Equal distances in Constant

Constant speed Not Accelerating Linear Motion
equal time intervals acceleration
Increasing distances
Changing velocity Constant velocity Changing directions Decreasing distances
as time goes
Negative
Constant Velocity Zero acceleration Positive Acceleration
acceleration

Uniform motion Uniformly

Accelerated
Motion

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PART II: Instruction: Analyze the picture. Determine if the situations are in uniform motion or uniformly accelerated
motion.

The ball is in
Diagrams Questions
UM? UAM?
A. The ball is moving 3m/s in each second. A1. The distances in each second is ___
A2. The initial velocity of the ball is ___
A3. The final velocity of the ball is ___
A4. Is the ball accelerating? ___
(Yes? No?)

B. The ball is moving A1. The distances in each second is ___

A2. The initial velocity of the ball is ___
A3. The final velocity of the ball is ___
A4. Is the ball accelerating? ___
(Yes? No?)
A5. The acceleration of the ball is ___

Picture Source:
Uniform motion and Uniformly Accelerated motion. https://www.chegg.com/learn/physics/introduction-to-physics/constant-acceleration.
Retrieved March 7, 2024
Web sources:
Uniform Motion. https://byjus.com/physics/uniform-motion-and-non-uniform-motion/. Retrieved March 7, 2024
Uniformly Accelerated Motion. https://byjus.com/physics/uniformly-accelerated-motion/. Retrieved March 7, 202

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 Science 9 Fourth Quarter Learning Activity Sheet
MELC: Describe the horizontal and vertical motions of a projectile (S9FE-IVa34)

Day 2: Solve problems related to uniform motion and uniformly accelerated motion.

Uniform Motion Introduction:

In order to solve uniform motion, based on the concepts, using the equations of speed or velocity, and average
speed. Notice that we don’t use the equation of acceleration because there is no acceleration in a uniform motion.
The G.U.E.S.S method will help to step by step process solve motion problems and other physics problems. Example is
provided below.

UM Sample problem: A car travels a distance of d which is 1300 m in 60 seconds and a distance of 2d in 120 seconds.
What is its average speed? Is there an acceleration?

Step 1. Given: Step 3. Equation Step 5. Solve

d1=1300m 𝑑1 + 𝑑2 3900 𝑚
𝑎𝑣𝑒 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 = 𝑎𝑣𝑒 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 =
t1=60 s 𝑡1 + 𝑡2 180𝑠

d2= 2 x 1300m = 2600m *You can also get the speed individually (s1 and s2) 𝑎𝑣𝑒 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 = 21.67 𝑚/𝑠
and average them (divide the (s1+s2)/2) .
t2=120 s
Answer & analysis:
Step 4. Substitute The average speed of the car is 21.67 m/s. the
Step 2. Unknown: 1300 𝑚 + 2600𝑚 car did not accelerate because if we get the
Ave. speed=? 𝑎𝑣𝑒 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 = speed in each time has passed (the speed is
60𝑠 + 120𝑠
Acceleration? still 21.67 m/s)

PART I: Instruction: Analyze the problem using speed, velocity and average speed.

Problem 1:
A newbie cyclist biked 2 km in 1 hour to the north and another 4 km after 2 hours the same direction. What is his
average speed? What is his average velocity for the whole journey? Is there an acceleration?

Step 1. Given: Step 3. Equation Step 5. Solve

Step 4. Substitute
Step 2. Unknown: Answer:

Uniformly Accelerated Motion Introduction:

The motion of an object in a uniform accelerated motion can be horizontal (rectilinear) or vertical (which is also called as
freefall motion). The equations to be used in uniformly accelerated motion.

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UAM Sample Problem 1: From rest, a car accelerated at 8 m/s2 for 10 seconds. a) What is the position of the car at the
end of the 10 seconds? b) What is the velocity of the car at the end of the 10 seconds?

Q: is this a horizontal or a vertical UAM? Step 3. Equation Step 4-5. Substitute and Solve for b
Answer: Horizontal UAM 1 b) 𝑣𝑓 = 𝑣𝑖 + 𝑎𝑡
a) 𝑑 = 𝑣𝑖 𝑡 + 𝑎𝑡 2
2 𝑚
b) 𝑣𝑓 = 𝑣𝑖 + 𝑎𝑡 𝑣𝑓 = (0) + (8 )(10𝑠)
Step 1. Given: 𝑠2
𝑣𝑓 = 80 𝑚/𝑠
𝑣𝑖 = 0 (started from rest – initial velocity)
𝑎 = 8 𝑚/𝑠2 Step 4-5. Substitute and Solve for a
a) 𝑑 = 𝑣𝑖 𝑡 + 12 𝑎𝑡 2 Answer:
𝑡 = 10 𝑠 The position of the car after 10s is 400m while
1 𝑚
𝑑 = (0)(10𝑠) + (8 2 )(10𝑠)2 the velocity at the end is 80 m/s
2 𝑠
Step 2. Unknown:
1 𝑚
𝒅 =? (position) 𝑑= (8 )(100𝑠)2
2 𝑠2
𝒗𝒇 =? (final velocity)
1 𝑚
𝑑= (8 ) (100𝑠 2 )
2 𝑠2
𝑑 = 400 𝑚

UAM Sample problem 2: A ball is dropped from a building with a height of 200m in 10 seconds. Determine the velocity as
it hit the ground.
Q: is this a horizontal or a vertical UAM? Step 3. Equation Step 5. Solve
Answer: vertical UAM or freefall motion 𝑣𝑓 2 = 𝑣𝑖 2 + 2𝑔ℎ 𝑚
𝑣 = √2(−9.8 )(−200𝑚) 𝑓
𝑠2
𝑣𝑓 = √𝑣𝑖 2 + 2𝑔ℎ 𝑣𝑓 = √3920 𝑚2 /𝑠 2
Step 1. Given:
𝑣𝑖 = 0 (dropped – initial velocity) 𝑣𝑓 = 62.61 𝑚/𝑠
Step 4. Substitute
𝑔 = −9.8 𝑚/𝑠2 𝑚
𝑡 = 10𝑠 𝑣𝑓 = √(0)2 + 2(−9.8 )(−200𝑚) Answer:
𝑠2
ℎ = −200𝑚 (displacement from top to bottom) The velocity of the ball as it hits the
ground is 62.61 m/s.
Step 2. Unknown:
𝒗𝒇 =? (final velocity)

PART II: Instructions: use the kinematic equations below in solving the quantities asked in the problem.

Kinematics equation in Uniformly Accelerated Motion

Equation 1 1
𝑑 = (𝑣𝑓 + 𝑣𝑖 )𝑡
2
𝑣𝑓 = 𝑣𝑖 + 𝑎𝑡
Equation 2 𝑣𝑓 −𝑣𝑖
(from equation of 𝑎 = )
𝑡
Equation 3 1
𝑑 = 𝑣𝑖 𝑡 + 𝑎𝑡 2
2
Equation 4 2 2
𝑣𝑓 = 𝑣𝑖 + 2𝑎𝑑
Note: for vertical UAM or freefall motion, replace a to g (acceleration due to
gravity) which has a constant of ( 𝑔 = −9.8 𝑚/𝑠 2 )

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Problem 2: A race car accelerated at 11m/s2 for 22 seconds with an initial velocity of 33 m/s. What is the position of the
car at the end of 22 seconds? What is the position of the car at the end of 18 seconds?

Q: is this a horizontal or a vertical Step 3. Equation Step 5. Solve

UAM?

Step 4. Substitute
Step 1. Given:

Step 2. Unknown:

Problem 3: A bucket of paint was accidentally dropped from top of the building. The height of the building is 1200
meters. It took 30 seconds to reach the ground. What is the velocity of the paint bucket as it reached the ground?

Q: is this a horizontal or a vertical Step 3. Equation Step 5. Solve

UAM?

Step 4. Substitute
Step 1. Given:

Step 2. Unknown:

Websources:
UAM Sample Problem 1 and 2 : http://problemsphysics.com/mechanics/motion/unif_acce_motion_problems.html.
Retrieved April 3, 2024

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