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ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATE: System Disorder

Nicholas Au
STUDENT NAME _____________________________________
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
DISORDER/DISEASE PROCESS __________________________________________________________ 32
REVIEW MODULE CHAPTER ___________

Alterations in Pathophysiology Related Health Promotion and

Health (Diagnosis) to Client Problem Disease Prevention
Result of an acute of chronic n the heart muscle is unable to pump Maintain an exercise routine to remain physically active
effectively, resulting in inadequate cardiac and consult with provider before starting any exercise
cardiopulmonary problem. output, myocardial hypertrophy, and regimen
consume a diet low in sodium along with fluid
pulmonary/systemic congestion restrictions and consult with the profvider regarding diet

ASSESSMENT SAFETY
CONSIDERATIONS
Risk Factors Expected Findings Fall Risk,
Older adults have an increased risk for Dyspnea, orthopnea, nocturnal dyspnea, Risk of infection
heart failure and can have worse fatigue, displaced apical pulse, frothy
manifestations due to increased systolic sputum, pulmonary congestion, jugular
blood presure and some medications vein distention, ascending dependent
edema, weight gain, polyuria, nocturia

Laboratory Tests Diagnostic Procedures

Human B-type natriuretic peptides
(hBNP) elevated hBNP confirms a
diagnosis of heart failure in clients who
have dyspnea and rules out respiratory
illnesses
Hemodynamic monitoring - mixed venous oxygen
saturation is directly related to cardiac output. a
drop in SvO2 indicates worsening cardiac function
Ultrasound - used to measure the systolic and
diastolic functioning of the heart
Transesophageal echocardiagraphy. Gives a
detailed view of cardiac structures

PATIENT-CENTERED CARE Complications

Nursing Care Medications Client Education Acute pulmonary
Use techniques to promote effective breathing
edema
Monitor daily weight and I/Os assess Diuretics - techniques understand prescribed medications and
Cardiogenic shock
forshortness of berath and dyspnea on how to administer them continue to take
exertion administer oxygen as furosemide medications even if feeling better follow instructions
Pericardial
for reasons to contact the provider remain on
prescribed monitor vital signs and Afterload low-sodium diet
tamponade
hemodynamic pressures position the
client to maximize ventiliation reducing Pulmonary edema
agents - ACE
inhibitors
Inotropic
Therapeutic Procedures Agents - digoxin Interprofessional Care
Ventricular assist device - a mechanical pump that Beta blockers - Cardiology and pulmonary services
assists a heart that is too weak to pump blood
Respiratory services for inhalers,
through the body used in clients who are awaiting carvedilol breathing treatments, and suctioning
heart transplants or who have severe end-stage
heart failure. Vasodilators - Cardiac rehab for prolonged weakness
Heart transplant- a possible option for end-stage
and assistance with increasing level of
heart failure nitroglycerin activity
Nutrition for diet modification

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