UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE INGENIERIA

RECINTO UNIVERSITARIO “PEDRO ARAUZ PALACIOS”

DEPARTAMENTO DE IDIOMAS
CARRERA DE INGENIERIA MECÁNICA

Hydraulic system of agricultural tractors

Practice
OF THE SUBJECT OF ENGLISH

AUTHORS:
• Br. Eduardo Leonel Rocha Mendoza
• Br. Jenner David Molina Castillo

TEACHER:
• Milton Calderon

Managua, September 25, 2023

 Outlining
Introduction
Title: Importance of hydraulic systems in agricultural tractors
Hook: Without hydraulic systems, tractors will not have strength, making work
difficult.
Background information: This type of hydraulic systems serve in the same way
to grant linear or rotary force, since this type of machinery needs force and at the
same time speed to operate.
Thesis statements: There are three reasons why hydraulics are important in
agricultural tractors: hydraulic pump, remote taps, oil hydraulic
III) Body paragraph.
Topic sentences: The most important part of a hydraulic system is the hydraulic
pump
Supporting sentences
1. generates volume where suction occurs
2. transforms mechanical energy into hydraulic energy
3. generates a constant flow of hydraulic oil at high pressure
concluding sentences: As tractors increase in size and complexity, hydraulics
become more important.
III) Body paragraph 2
Topic sentence: Operation of remote outlets
Supporting sentences
1. drag
2. actuate
3. push

concluding sentence: An energy-generating machine used for different

agricultural tasks, such as transporting inputs and products, and for field
operations, such as soil preparation, cultural work and crop harvesting.
IV) Body paragraph 3
Topic sentence: Advantage of hydraulic oil
Supporting sentences
1. lubricate
2. cool
3. Helps components work together

concluding sentences: Running out of hydraulic fluid is not an option for us, as
this paralyzes your hydraulic apparatus and the steering of some models.
V. conclusión
As it has been possible to observe the hydraulic system, It gives the versatility of
mechanical movements converted to a force governed by therefore the ease of
working expanding the branches of the systems and mechanisms in agricultural
machines with air and liquid fluids
 operation of a hydraulic pump
Before starting, it is necessary to know that a hydraulic pump for power

take-off is a vital element of the hydraulic system of a tractor. It works through a set

of gears that are connected to the engine of your tractor, responsible for extracting

the oil that is housed in its respective tank and send it with high pressure to a valve

through a hydraulic cylinder, each of these cylinders are capable of converting the

pressure or power of the fluid into force so that the tractor can perform a particular

mechanical work.

At that moment, using mechanical energy, the pump will push the fluid

through the hydraulic circuit until it reaches the hydraulic transmission devices that

operate. The hydraulic pumps, therefore, determine the flow rate that flows through

the circuit. But, the pressure does not depend on the pump, but on the complexities

that the fluid encounters throughout such a circuit. The pump takes oil from a

storage reservoir (for example, a tank) and sends it as a flow to the hydraulic

system. All pumps produce oil flow in the same way. A vacuum is created at the

inlet of the pump. The higher atmospheric pressure pushes the oil through the inlet

passage to the pump inlet chambers.

Hydraulic pumps transform mechanical energy into hydraulic energy. The

energy transformation process of the hydraulic pump is carried out in two phases:

suction and discharge. During the suction phase, the mechanical exercise of the

pump generates a vacuum in the suction, which allows

 A tractor hydraulic pump operates in a system under three key principles: a

liquid that cannot be compressed; resistance in flow as the only way to create

pressure in a system; and the energy created under pressure hydraulic tractor

pump that will produce heat and in turn will make the entire system work.

The heart of this system is a positive displacement tractor hydraulic pump

that typically comes in two modes: a fixed displacement style and one with variable

displacement. Any of these hydraulic pump styles can come in the form of a gear,

vane, or piston design.

A tractor hydraulic pump consists of a fixed displacement that moves the

same volume of hydraulic oil with each cycle. Only the speed of the pump modifies

the output.

On the other hand, a variable displacement pump can alter the volume of oil

moved with each cycle, even if the operating speed remains the same. This design

is used in applications where a specific pressure or flow must be maintained.

It is important to remember that tractor hydraulic pumps cause oil to flow but

do not create pressure. Pressure is the result of a restriction to flow.

 Operation of remote outlets

The 3-point coupling system consists of two side arms and a lower bar that

connects to the attachment. The two side arms connect to the tractor at the rear

and the bottom bar extends into the implement. This lower bar is adjusted in height

by a hydraulic mechanism to adapt to different heights of implements.

according to (inf tractors.2013) It is important to keep the 3-point hitch

system in good condition to ensure its safety and optimal performance. If the hitch

system fails while an implement is being used, it can cause damage to both the

tractor and the implement.

In summary, 3-point hitch systems are a critical part of agricultural

machinery that allows easy and quick connection of implements to the tractor. It is

important to keep the system in good condition to ensure its safety and optimal

performance.
 Oil hydraulic

These machines, equipped with a hydraulic system, help farmers perform

tasks quickly and efficiently. However, to ensure the proper functioning of the

tractor's hydraulic system, it is necessary to use the correct type of oil. In this

article, we will discuss the type of oil suitable for the tractor hydraulic system. We'll

look at the pros and cons of different tractor oils and offer recommendations on

how to choose the right oil to avoid damage to the hydraulic system.

Hydraulic oils are liquids specially designed for use in hydraulic systems.

These oils are designed to provide adequate lubrication, reduce wear, decrease

friction and increase efficiency in the system. These oils are made from liquid

materials such as petroleum oil, mineral oil, tar oil, and synthetic oil. Hydraulic oils

are divided into three main types:

1. Mineral oils: These oils are made from refined petroleum oil and contain

chemical additives. These oils offer good wear resistance and good oxygen

resistance.

2. Synthetic oils: These oils are made from synthetic materials such as

ethylene propylene polymer, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) polymer, and

polyalphaolefin (PAO) polymer. These oils have better wear and oxygen resistance

than mineral oils and can withstand higher temperatures.

4. Tar Oils: These oils are made from a mixture of mineral oil and tar. These

oils have excellent wear and oxygen resistance, but can also be a little more

expensive than the other two types of oils.

In conclusion, to maintain the optimal performance of a hydraulic tractor, it is

necessary to use a specific oil for hydraulics. The right oil for this purpose

should be selected taking into account the engine manufacturer, ambient

temperature and specific application. The use of the right oil ensures a long

service life of the tractor and its safe operation.