Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

HANDOUT

NAME: _______________________ REF: 2021-22/

2022-23/ HIN/STD 10/ HANDOUT

CLASS: ____10___________ SUBJECT: HINDI-L2

DATE: /03/2021 TOPIC: ‘kbaIrdasa’

³k´ inamnailaiKt p`SnaaoM ko ]%tr dIijae¹

P`aSna 1 maIzI vaaNaI baaolanao sao AaOraoM kao sauK AaOr Apnao tna kao SaItlata kOsao p`aPt haotI hOÆ
]%tr kbaIrdasa khto hOM ik maIzI vaaNaI baaolanao sao ]sao saunanaovaalaa sauK ka AnauBava krta hO.
maIzI vaaNaI ka p`Baava hmaaro )dya pr haota hO. kD,vao vacana tao tIr ko samaana cauBato hOM AaOr
duK doto hOM. maIzI vaaNaI baaolanao sao kovala saunanao vaalao kao hI sauK kI p`aiPt nahIM haotI bailk
baaolanao vaalao kao BaI SaItlata ka AnauBava haota hO @yaaoMik maIzI vaaNaI hmaaro mana ko AhMkar kao
naYT kr dotI hO.AhMkar naYT haoto hI hmaaro tna AaOr mana ko saaro ivakar dUr hao jaato hOM AaOr
hmaoM SaItlata p`aPt haotI hO.
P`aSna 2 dIpk idKa[- donao pr A^MiQayaara kOsao imaT jaata hOÆ saaKI ko saMdBa- ko saMdBa-- maoM spYT
kIijae.
]%tr kbaIrdasa khto hOM ik ijasa trh dIpk jalaanao pr A^MQakar samaaPt hao jaata hO¸ zIk
]saI p`kar )dya maoM &ana $pI dIpk ko jalanao pr A&ana $pI AMQakar dUr hao jaata hO. jaba
tk manauYya ko )dya maoM A&ana rhta hO¸ tba tk ]samaoM AhMkar AaOr Anya p`kar ko dugau-Na
ivad\yamaana rhto hOM. vah Apnao hI )dya maoM inavaasa krnao vaalao [-Svar kao phcaana nahIM pata. jaOsao
hI ]sako )dya maoM &ana $pI dIpk jalata hO¸ ]saka )dya Apnao Aap p`kaiSat hao ]zta hO.
]sako )dya sao A&ana $pI AMQakar ³AhMkar´ dUr hao jaata hO. &ana ko dIpk ko jalanao pr
manauYya [-Svar kI p`aiPt ko maaga- pr cala pD,ta hO.
P`aSna 3 [-Svar kNa¹kNa maoM vyaaPt hO¸ pr hma ]sao @yaaoM nahIM doK patoÆ
]%tr kbaIrdasa maanato hOM ik [-Svar p`kRit ko kNa¹kNa maoM samaayaa huAa hO ikMtu ApnaI A&anata
ko karNa hma ]sao doK nahIM pato hOM. kiva ]dahrNa doto hue batata hO ik ijasa p`kar kstUrI

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maRga ApnaI naaiBa maoM hI basao hue kstUrI naamak saugaMiQat pdaqa- kao A&ana ko karNa jaMgala maoM
[Qar¹]Qar ZU^MZ,ta ifrta hO¸ ]saI p`kar manauYya BaI A&ana ko karNa Apnao )dya maoM basao [-Svar
kao doK nahIM pata AaOr ]sao maMidr¸ maisja,d¸ gau$d\vaaro¸ igairj,aaGar AaOr na jaanao kha^M¹kha^M Z^MUZ,ta
ifrta hO. kbaIrdasa khto hOM ik hmaara [-Svar hmaaro )dya maoM hI hO¸ ]sao doKnao ko ilae &ana
ka haonaa AavaSyak hO.
P`aSna 4 saMsaar maoM sauKI vyai@t kaOna hO AaOr duKI kaOnaÆ yaha^M ‘saaonaa’ AaOr ‘jaaganaa’ iksako
p`tIk hOMÆ [saka p`yaaoga yaha^M @yaaoM ikyaa gayaa hOÆ spYT kIijae.
]%tr kbaIrdasa yaha^M vyaMgya krto hue khto hOM ik jaao laaoga kovala saaMsaairk sauKaoM maoM DUbao rhto
hOM AaOr ijanako jaIvana ka ]d\doSya kovala Kanaa¸ pInaa AaOr saaonaa hO¸ vao hI [sa saMsaar maoM sauKI
hOM. [sako ivaprIt jaao laaoga saMsaar kI naSvarta kao doKkr raoto hOM¸ idna¹rat [-Svar ko Qyaana maoM
lagao rhto hOM AaOr saMsaar ka klyaaNa krnao kI p`aqa-naa krto rhto hOM¸ vao laaoga duKI hOM. yaha^M
‘saaonaa’ Sabd saaMsaairk maayaa¹maaoh maoM DUbao rhnao ka p`tIk hO AaOr ‘jaaganaa’ [-Svar ka Qyaana krnao
AaOr ‘&ana¹p`aiPt’ ka p`tIk hO. [na SabdaoM ka p`yaaoga kr kiva yah bataanaa caahta hO ik maUK-
laaoga Apnaa jaIvana yaU^M hI inaiScaMt rhkr¸ maayaa¹maaoh maoM f^Msao rhkr naYT kr doto hOM AaOr &anaI
vyai@t ]nakI [sa dSaa kao doKkr raota rhta hO. vah [-Svar ko saamanao sabako klyaaNa kI
kamanaa krta rhta hO. vah idna¹rat &ana p`aiPt ka p`yaasa krta rhta hO. @yaaoMik vah
jaanata hO saMsaar ka sabasao baD,a sa%ya [-Svar hI hO¸ baakI saba Claavaa hO¸ QaaoKa hO.
P`aSna 5 Apnao svaBaava kao inama-la rKnao ko ilae kbaIr nao @yaa ]paya sauJaayaa hOÆ
]%tr kbaIr nao kha hO ik Apnao svaBaava kao inama-la rKnao ko ilae hmaoM ApnaI inaMda krnao vaalao
vyai@t kao Apnao pasa hI rKnaa caaihe. eosaa krnao sao hmaara svaBaava svat: hI inama-la hao
jaaegaa. inaMda krnao vaalaa vyai@t hmaaro galat kayaao-M kI inaMda krogaa AaOr hma ApnaI kimayaaoM
kao jaanakr ]nhoM sauQaarnao ko p`yaasa krto rhoMgao. [sa p`kar inaMda krnao vaalao vyai@t ko saaqa
rhkr QaIro¹QaIro hma Apnao svaBaava kao ibalkula piva~ AaOr inama-la kr laoMgao.
P`aSna 6 ‘eokO AiYar pIva ka¸ pZ,O sau pMiDt hao[’ ¹ [sa pMi@t d\vaara kiva @yaa khnaa caahta
hOÆ
]%tr [sa pMi@t ko d\vaara kiva yah khnaa caahta hO ik jaao vyai@t Apnao ip`ya prmaa%maa ko p`oma
ka ek Axar pZ, laota hO¸ vahI saccaa &anaI hO. jaao [-Svar¹p`oma kao Apnaa laota hO¸ jaao [-Svar

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ko p`oma maoM DUba jaata hO¸ jaao saarI saRiYT maoM [-Svar ka vaasa doKkr ]sako p`it p`oma ka Baava rKta
hO¸ kiva ko Anausaar vahI vyai@t &anavaana hO. baD,o¹baD,o Qama- ga`MqaaoM kao pZ,nao sao¸ vaodaoM¸ puraNaaoM¸
]pinaYadaoM kao yaad kr laonao sao kao[- ivad\vaana nahIM khlaa sakta. yaid manauYya maoM [-Svar ko p`it
p`oma ka Baava nahIM hO tao [na sabakao pZ,naa vyaqa- hO¸ samaya ga^Mvaanao ko samaana hO.
P`aSna 7 kbaIr kI ]d\QaRt saaiKyaaoM kI BaaYaa kI ivaSaoYata spYT kIijae.
]%tr kbaIr kI saaiKyaaoM kI BaaYaa ‘saQau@kD,I BaaYaa’ hO. [samaoM AvaQaI¸ ba`ja¸ KD,I baaolaI¸ pUvaI-
ihMdI tqaa pMjaabaI ko SabdaoM ka sauMdr p`yaaoga huAa hO. khIM¹khIM kbaIr nao pairBaaiYak SabdavalaI
ka p`yaaoga BaI ikyaa hO pr AiQakaMSa saaiKyaaoM maoM p`aya: baaolacaala kI BaaYaa ka hI p`yaaoga idKa[-
dota hO. [nakI BaaYaa maoM khIM¹khIM baaOd\iQakta ko BaI dSa-na haoto hOM. saaiKyaaoM maoM ]pdoSaa%makta
hO. daoha CMd maoM ilaKI ga[- [na saaiKyaaoM maoM mau@tk SaOlaI ka p`yaaoga huAa hO. saaiKyaaoM maoM
gaOyaa%makta BaI ivad\yamaana hO. BaaYaa pr kbaIr ka jabardst AiQakar hO¸ [saIilae hja,arI p`saad
d\ivavaodI [nhoM ‘vaaNaI ka iD@ToTr’ khto hOM.
³K´ inamnailaiKt ka Baava spYT kIijae ¹
1 ivarhBauvaMgama tna basaO¸ maM~ na laagaO kao[.
Baava : kbaIr dasa khto hOM ik ijasa p`kar sap- ko ivaYa sao manauYya duK AaOr pID,a sao tD,pta
rhta hO ]saI p`kar kbaIr kI Aa%maa BaI Apnao p`Bau ko ivarh maoM tD,p rhI hO. ]sako AMdr
ivarh $pI ja,hr Bar gayaa hO AaOr iksaI BaI maM~ yaa ]pcaar ka kao[- Asar ]sa pr nahIM hao
rha. ]saka kYT tao Apnao p`Bau kI p`aiPt haonao pr hI dUr haogaa. jaba tk p`Bau kI p`aiPt nahIM
haotI¸ vah ivarhNaI Aa%maa eosao hI kYT sao CTpTatI rhogaI AaOr ]sa pr kao[- BaI ]pcaar safla
nahIM haogaa.
2 kstUrI kuMDila basaO¸ maRga ZU^MZ,o bana maa^Mih.
Baava : kiva spYT krnaa caahta hO ik ihrNa kI ApnaI naaiBa maoM hI kstUrI naama ka saugaMiQat
pdaqa- haota hO. A&anavaSa vah ]sa saugaMQa ka pICa krto¹krto ]sao Kaojanao ko ilae jaMgala maoM
[Qar¹]Qar Baagata ifrta hO¸ prMtu Kaoja nahIM pata. [saI p`kar manauYya BaI A&ana ko karNa
Apnao )dya maoM iCpo [-Svar kao [Qar¹]Qar Kaojata ifrta hO ifr BaI ]sao p`aPt nahIM kr pata.
vyaqa- maoM BaTkta ifrta hO.

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 3 jaba maOM qaa tba hir nahIM¸ Aba hir hOM maOM naaihM.
Baava : yaha^M kbaIrdasa khnaa caahto hOM ik jaba tk manauYya ko )dya maoM ‘maOM’³AhMkar´ kI
Baavanaa rhtI hO¸ tba tk vah [-Svar kao p`aPt nahIM kr sakta. manauYya jaOsao hI Apnao mana sao
AhMkar kao dUr kr dota hO [-Svar kao p`aPt kr laota hO. [-Svar kI p`iPt ko ilae mana sao
AhMkar kI Baavanaa kao samaaPt krnaa AavaSyak hO. jaba tk )dya maoM AhMkar hO¸ vaha^M [-Svar
ka vaasa nahIM hao sakta.
4 paoqaI piZ, piZ, jaga mauvaa¸ pMiDt Bayaa na kao[.
Baava : kbaIrdasa khto hOM ik Qama-ga`MqaaoM kao pZ,¹pZ, kr vyai@t ivad\vaana yaa baud\iQamaana nahIM bana
sakta. jaao vyai@t [-Svar¹p`oma ko ek Axar kao BaI jaana laota hO¸ vahI saccaa ivad\vaana hO¸ &anaI
hO. [-Svar ko p`oma kao jaananaovaalaa vyai@t Amar hao jaata hO. [-Svar ]sao Apnaakr Amar banaa
dota hO.

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