PLANNING

AND

URBAN DESIGN

SUBMITTED BY :

BLESSY MARIE SIAPNO

 TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE NO.

1 HISTORY OF SETTLEMENTS 2

2 THEORIES & PRACTICES IN CITY PLANNING 11

3 SETTLEMENT PLANNING IN THE PHILIPPINES 18

4 KEVIN LYNCH'S IMAGE OF THE CITY 23

5 IAN BENTLEY'S LEVEL OF RESPONSIVE ENVIRONMENTS 25

6 URBAN FORM & FUNCTION 28

T URBAN MODELS 31

8 URBAN DESIGN CONTROLS 34

9 EMERGING THEORIES IN URBAN DESIGN 37

10 URBAN SOCIOLOGY 39

11 OTROPICAL DESIGN
SITE PLANNING 42

12
.
BASIC LANDSCAPING DESIGN PRINCIPLES 45

LEGENDS :
TOPIC

LINKING WORD
SUBTOPIC

CONNECTION DEFINITION

MAIN TOPIC
PROPONENT/PERSON
LOCATION/PLACE EXAMPLE

1
 HISTORY OF
SETTLEMENTS

2
 LEGEND APPLIES TO ALL PAGES :

LEGENDS :
TOPIC

LINKING WORD
SUBTOPIC

CONNECTION DEFINITION

MAIN TOPIC PROPONENT/PERSON

LOCATION/PLACE EXAMPLE

HERDING &
DEFENSE
-
ANCIENT TIMES 11
FOR

CIRCULAR & RADIOLENTRIC

THERE ARE PLANNING
NATURAL THERE ARE

CALAMITIES T INFLUENCING
THE

L - ARE THE

INNOVATIONS FOLLOWING
7 DEVELOPMENT OF
:
T
X EARLIEST CITIES
NATURAL NATURAL FACTORS
- ~
RESOURCES
↑
PLOW & RECTILINEAR
AFFECTING

I
THE FARMING
ARE THE
FOLLOWING :
-
I
Scope
& W DEVELOPMENT OF
TERRAIN URBAN AREAS
CLIMATE

par
 · 7000-9000 B C . .

↓ There Are

LOCATED IN
L
EAR LY
LOCATED IN -
ISRAEL < JERICHO -
- SETTLEMENTS TURKEY < CATAL HOYUK

DURING THE
DURING THE

v
v
IS A
9000 B C
.
ENCLOSED
WITH 7000 B C
. .

IS A V
L -
LARGEST
CIRCULAR STONE LOCATED IN W NEOLITHIC CITY
D
WELL-ORGANIZL =

WALL
COMMUNITY
CYPRUS < KHIROKITIA
-

THAT HAS

THAT HAS

DURING THE WITHOUT -

- 10 , 000
3000 PEOPLE
v PEOPLE
L
5500 B C
.. - STREETS

1STDOCUMENTE WITH 7

2000 -
4000 .
BC
. . I

THERE ARE

V
L
CITIES IN -
DAMASCUS FERTILE CRESCENT
ERIDU

FORMED BY
ACKNOWLEDGED
ACKNOWLEDGED
As
As

L V W

OLDEST CITY TIGRIS & EUPHRATES OLDEST CITY

RIVER

CONTINUALLY
INHABITED
~
WITH
80 000
↑
,
BABYLONIA LARGEST CITY 7 INHABITANTS
ACKNOWLEDGED
As 4

P
 2500 B C . .

LOCATION

INDUE
VALLEY

-
MOHENJO-DARO
& HARAPPA

~
PAKISTAN HAS HAS AN ↓HOUSING S
T

ADMINISTRATE ↑
ADVANCED
CIVILIZATION BECAUSEOFOF

SENEES
WITH
E

-40 ,
000
IN HABITANTS
Nos

* 3000 B C .
.
1900 B C
. .

OF

CITIES - PREGTs W

THEBEL
TEL-EL-AMARNA
NAR) YELLOW RIVER
↓ALLEY
AN
EXAMPE
CENTRAL AREN -
1
CHARAG HAS
W OT THE
-

ALSO
KNOWN

NORTH SUBURB
(

E - EGYPTAN I SOUTH CITY ANYANG

~
MONUMENT
WITH THE
LARGEST
MONUMENES L FOLLOWING
CUSTOM'S HOUSE
-

CITY "LAND W/n

-

WORKER'S VILLAGE 15 THE

7 3

THE PASSES
-

TOMBS TEMPEE

T
 .C
B . TO A D .
.
800 BC
. .

LARGEST ZAPOTECS
CITIES W W
T T
CONSIDERED FLABORATE BEIJING
As
EXAMPLES -

ARE
CITY >
--
MEXTECS
NETWORK BUILT BY

L PRESENTFORM
AND IN
TEOTIJUACAN DII BILCHATUN
AZTECS y
MESOAMERICA

11 1
MING
DYNASTY

700 B C
. .

V DEFINED
L SPREAD - AS

AEGEAN THROUGH GREEK POLIS > CITY-STATE

REGION CITIES

SPARTA
-
- AND
< ~
/
- THENS
-
DENONITE
m

ACROPOLIS L
L
-
> GEOMETRIL
CONSIDERED NEOPOLI E
As
L AND
14
PALEOPOLIS
LARGEST LOCATED
CITIES
1 CONSIDERED
As
- AND
RELIGIOUS DEFENSIVE
L
-

- UP ON

HILLS
NEW & OLD
CITIES

niff
 ROMAN CLASSICAL - 400 B C
. . .

CITIES

ADOPTED L
GRID INTRODUCED -
W T THE
SYSTEM HIPPODAMUS
L MILETUS
W
GREEK FORUMS

I
AND INTRODUCED
FORMS ROMANS THE

1
CONSIDERED
AS AGORAL 1S THE

BUT WITH
3 SECTIONS
ENGINEERS V W
CONSIDERED
SOCIAL AS
1 STN OTED ARE THE
W
-

HEART URBAN PLANNER

DIFFERENT
INCORPORATED OF THE ~ W
PUBLIC
SCALE CITY OF MARKET PLACE ARTISANS
e & ROME FARMERS
ARTS IN TO
BUILT
W CITY DESIGN MILITARY

MONUMENTAL

V -
AND I

NOW

I
FIRST
LATER BECOME
-
BASILICA- COVERED AS
SOCIAL
AQUEDUCTS
- > MARKETS > LAW COURTS > CHURCH
HERARCHY

CONSIDERED
XS
-

WITH A
-
Rom AN CENTRAL
Domus
7 >
PUBIS - -
HOU SE ATRIUM

(S A WITH A
<

3 6

Y*
-

= INSULAE 7 APARTMENTS > STOREFRONT

-
FOUNTAINS CONSIDERED
XS LATER
=
-
-

CURIA
> MEETING > CAPITOL
HALL

Uppe
 n MEDIEVAL AGES

DECLINE
Of
CONSIDERED

URBAN COASTAL PORT XS

-

TOWNS
ROMAN L -
DESIGN 11th CENTURY
POWER
TOWNS

WAS AFFECTED GREW FROM

L
> MERCANTILIST
By

↳
CITIES -
SIENNA & MILITARY
CONSTANTINOPLE FORTIFICATIONS
FEUDALISM

HAVING

INTIMATE
7
AND
SEQUENCE VIEWS
WINDING
OF CATHEDRALS
SIGNIFIES ROADS
THE

~
RISE OF THE
CHURCH

RENAISSANCE &
BAROQUE PERIODS
CITY OF
7 CULTURE &
PROF
OPOSAL

L ARTS
15TH CENTURY L 1/
FRANCE -
ARTS & EMERGED
VIENNA AS
ARCHITECTURE GEOMETRICAL
7
1S THE FORM CITIES
> IST UNIVERSITY
L TOWN
MAJOR
DISPLAY ELEMENT OF
~
OF POWER
W
VERSAILLES , -
-
TOWN FRANCE
PLANNING

AND
-
URBAN
KARLSRUHE , -

DESIGN GERMANY
-
G

Mo
 PUEBLO
MILITARY CITIZEN'S NEW KING PRESIDIO
(CIVIL)
TOWN TOWN TOWNS FLEXIBILITY PHILIP 11
(MILITARY)
1

KNOWN AS
1 1 1 1
DEVELOPED
↑ y
KNOWN AS MEANS REFLECTING BY
3 TYPES OF
TOWNS MISSION
>
LAWS OF 7 (RELIGIOUS)
BOUG FAUBORG
BASTIDE
GRID/RADIAL
PLAN INDIES
T T
M
7 ITS CITY GUIDELINE
M PRODUCED

IN A

FROM FORM OF KNOWN AS

TAKEN AFTER
FRENCH WORD

MEDIEVAL THE SPANISH

MEDIEVAL
ORGANIC CITY TOWN
BASTIDE

# - T

SETTLEMENT IN THE
AMERICAS

L
-

1/ EUROPEAN > THE

DESIGNED L THE ENGLISH -

RENAISSANCE Y
d)

SPECULATORS
-
By
PLANNED CITY -

- SAVANNAH
JAMES < TOWN

-
OGLETHORPE
CONSIDERED DRIVEN BY
XS
-

-
L V
PHILADELPHIA

I
WORLD'S LARGEST >
- SPECULATION
HISTORICAL DISTRICT #
WILLIAMSBURG =
ANNAPOLIS L D
DESIGNE BUILT
BETWEEN

FOCAL POINTS
PLAN WAS
W
ARE
DESIGNED
By
ANCHORED BY
V
DESIGNED WILLIAM
L By
~ PENN DELAWARE

GOU'T GOVERNOR'S PALACE ↓ AND

BUILDINGS V
- STATE CAPITOL SCOOL
COL .
FRANCIS /

KILL
COLLEGE OF
NICHOLSON
WILLIAM & MARY

an
/
 ROBERT 800-1200
OWENS PERSONS

T T
DEVELOPED
BY
DESIGNED
FOR

TO
MANPOWER ASSEMBLY
LINES
REFORM SPECIALISTS
MOVEMENTS -
1 A CHANGE

M FROM

CONSIST OF

2 SCHOOL OF - MACHINE
-
THOUGHH TS 7 AGE

KNOWN AS

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

"OWENITE" UNE CITE

COMMUNITIES > INDUSTRIELLE

-I
L ~
BOOK FARM
-
ICARUS
DESIGNED

TONY
L
BY
ADOPTED
BY

-
SJPOUD-
NEW HARMONY, ,
GARNIER DUTCH AR
,

MASSACHUSETS RED RIVER

.

INDIANA

IN THE
DESIGN OF
DESIGNED DESIGNED DESIGNED
BY BY BY
W

W W W
ROTTERDAM
OWENS JR
, .
NEW ENGLAND CABET
PLANNERS

10
THEORIES & PRACTICES
IN CITY PLANNING
M

11
 "TOMORROW : A PEACEFUL
PATH TO SOCIAL REFORM"

-
EBENEZER
AUTHOR HOWARD
N

I DEVELOPER
By

↳
PEOPLE
PREFER
IDEALIZED
CITY of

OPEN SPACES
7 /PARKS
WITH

&
THREE MAGNETS CONT GARDEN CITIES PLANNED
ON A
CONCENTRIC WITH

PATTERN 6 RADIAL
>
BOULEVARDS

-
-
WELWYN

> HAMPSTEAD-
LETCHWORTH = G ARD En --

IS THE
SUBURBS
ONLY FOR

IS THE
2ND GARDEN CITY
MASTER PLAN
W BY >
DESIGNED Housing
1 ST GARDEN CITY BY

DESIGNED w
BY

BARRY PARKER
DESIGNED
BY

LOUIS DE SOISSON W
I
RAYMOND UNWIN

12
 CITY BEAUTIFUL MOVEMENT

MEANS
OFTEN CALLED

L
V
SOCIAL
ORDER DANIEL -
BURNHAM GOLDEN AGE
OF URBAN DESIGN
THROUGH

L FAMOUS
FATHER OF

BEAUTIFICATION WORD

CREDITED FOR
L THE DESIGNS OF -
"MAKE NO AMERICAN
"
LITTLE PLANS ...
CITY PLANNING

V
L

W v W
W W V
SAN
WASHINGTON PARIS CHAMP
CHICAGO MANILA
FRANCISCO RECONSTRUCTION D'ELYSTE
1 I
!
I 1 /

CLEVELAND v
BARON
HAUSMANN

WORKED ON
RECONSTRUCTION

~
conss PARIS LINEAR

MAGNIFICENT PARKS CONNECTION

GRAND BUILDINGS

WIDE BOULEVARD

PUBLIC SPACE WIFOUNTAINS

NETWORK OF PARKS

13
 CRITICIZED
FOR

MODERNIST ARCH. SIR EDWARD

LUCIO COSTA 7
ON GRAND SCALE &
LUTYES
T DESIGNED DESIGNED
BY BY

NEW DELHI
BRASILIA ,

INDIA
T
BUILDINGS T
L DESIGNED BY
BASED ON
NEUTRAL - OSCAR NIEMEYER
FEDER AL CAP ITAL -
- EAST-WEST
1S A
AXIS OF KINGSWAY

NEW CAPITAL'S

CHANDIGARH <
CANBERRA
↓ ,

ORIGINAL MASTER AUSTRALIA

PLAN CREATED BY
ONLY REALIZED
PLAN OF
REFLECTED
THE PRINCIPLE OF

V
PLAN
APPLIES THE -
ALBERT MEYER -
- LE CORBUSIER
CITY BEAUTIFUL
-
MOVEMENT
RADBURN
PRINCIPLE HAS
WFORMATION
TRIANGULAR
of

/
HAS

L Has
v
SUPER HOUSES
BLOCK CAPITOL
3 IMPORTANT -

BUILDING

I
SEPARATION BUILDINGS

/
GROUPED
MEASURING AROUND

I
↓
V

800 x 1200 V
/of ~

CUL-DE-SACS COURT OF
PARLIAMENT
HOUSE
METERS JUSTICE
VEHICULAR
AND

PEDESTRIAN

14
 STRICT

"TII
-
-TESF
337
RADICAL 7 DWELLINGS
TOTALITARIAN
↑
X
11
WITH

INI
CHARACTERIE
O
UNITE D'HABITATION
T
CONCEPMAUZE
LE CORBUSIER X CITY OF TOWERS EXAMPLES
ARE
-

INTENDED
-
T PESIGNNIN know
-

As TO BE A

LE
-

CONTEMPORAINE
ABUNTONCE OF L
V ~ WITH

GREEN SPACE X TRANSPORTATION 11

1)

THE RADIANT with E

1 GREENBELT OF
CITY" 3 , 000 , 000 PEOPLE

LACK OF
ONE ACRE
LAND
OF LAND

↑ LEDTOH
EIERYFAM
I

V CLARENCE CLARENCE
PERRY 1
STEIN
BROADACRES

N PROPONENTS
* RE

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT NEIGHBORHOOD UNIT

W TO HOUSE
CULTURAL
ELEMENTARY SOCIAL
L
MANHATIN
-

MILE HIGH SCHOOL

R
TO WL -
> W
OFREE
EASYREAC
15 THE
> 7
INTENDER
TO
N
W
-
HAVE BEEN
↑

> CHICAGO GREENFIELDS CENTER OF

- W
L DEVELOPMENT EDUCATIONAL COMMERCIAL
E

1 MILE WASDESCRIBE
HIGH
-
"A TESTAMENT"
15
 AND WIND
SOLAR
PANELS 1 MURB INES

ELIMINATE AUTOMOBILES RUNS ON

BUILT- IN

MULTI-USE BUILDINGS
"ZERO-CARBON BREATHABLE
,

WALKING ZERO WASTE" "S ECOND SKIN"

-

1 1 M
FORMS A
N/A PRINCIPLE

PAOLO SOLERI
I 1
T CRYSTAL
DUBAI ,
UAE < MASDHR > MoSCOW
PROPOSED CITY ISLAND
BY LOCATED
LOCATED
IN IN

3D CITY
1 DESIGNED
BY
N
-
15 THE
EXAMPLE FOSTER & UNDERWATER
PARTNERS CITIES
PARALLEL T
To RIVER ARCOLOGY -
-
ALTERNATIVE

I
SPANISH
SORIA Y MATA 1
ENGR
( .

↑ CITYWOULD
N
RUN

METABOLISM BIOLOGICAL
PROPOSED
BY
PROPOSED > CITIES
GROUP
LINEAR -
-
CITY
EXAMPLE -
PROPOSED

L BY

= STALINGRAD W >
AN URBAN CITIES IN
PLAN FOR

RADICAL
SCIENCE PYRAMID
L 7
-

URBAN
IDEAS CITIES

FORMATION

MOTOPIA <
> FLOATING -
-
CITY
PROPOSED ~ EARLY PROPOSED
BY TYPE OF BY

- BARBICAN
V - > PU
.D
.
L
CITY GROW ORGANICALLY
ED GAR KIYONORI LIKE
ONCE
CHAMBLESS
IT HAS
KIKUTAKE BECAME
1S A

- -
W L
WHERE IN MULTI-LEVEL ORGANISM
MIXED USE -

CIRCULATION TOO
L ~ DEVELOPMENT AGED

VEHICULAR PEDESTRIAN
BUILT IN IT WOULD
RESPONSE TO

~
WILL BE
WILL BE
ALONG ALONG
~
SINK
W W PRESSURES OF

ROOFTOPS STREETS AUTOMOBILE

16
 "FARM TO MARKET"
ROADS

IMPROVED
INFRASTRUCTURE

RON&STEE
L

ELECTRIC ELEVATOR

IMPROVED MEDICINE
EXCEPTION
- M

WERE THE
20TH
FACTORS THAT
-
LARGE CENTURY
PRODUCTIVITY
CONTRIBUTED TO
- -
CITIES
URBAN GROWTH
MASS
JOBS 1 DID NOT
MARKETS M WHEREIN
EMERGE UNTIL

T INCREASED
7
GENERATED

MILLI ONAIRE
OPENED
Up
CITIES
7
INDUSTRIAL
CONTEMPORARY WORLD
-
- REVOLUTION
I
-
7
URBANIZATION

"CITIES IN
> PATRICK
JEAN
-

V EVOLUTION" COINED BY
GEDD ES
GOTTMANN CONCEPTUALIZED
- BY

MEGALOPOLIS
>
FOR
URB AN L
"THE DECLINE OF OSWALD
COMPL EX ES
·
> SPENGLER
THE WEST" COINED BY

MASSIVE URBAN
REFERS TO
> "GREAT CITY"
<
CONCENTRATIONS

"THE LEWIS
CREATED ~ CULTURE
> MUMFORD
FROM
OF CITIES" COINED BY

STRONG PHYSICAL
LINKAGES

BETWEEN

3 OR MORE
LARGE CITIES THE HAGUE SAN DIEGO TOKYO
I

ROTTERDAM LOS ANGELES YOKOHAMA

AMSTERDAM SAN FRANCISCO NAGOYA

DUESSELDORF OSAKA
17
KOBE
SETTLEMENT PLANNING
IN THE PHILIPPINES

↓G
 HOME OF
SPANISH

M /
MANILA 1 2 SQ KM
. . .

I
CONSIDERED 1
AS
LOCATED
IN
WITH AN
AREA OF

INTRAMUROS > WALLED

CITY WITH A
PERIMETER OF
1
~
3 4km
.
.

SPANISH COLONIAL
TIMES
ROADS &
BLOCKS
I
↓I FOR

V
BASED
ON
>
GRECO-ROMAN
RENAISSANCE
D ESIGN
PRE-COLONIAL GRIDIRON
E
USES
LAWS OF THE
PATTERN
TIMES IND IES
PROCLAIMED
BY
LOCATED
ON VIACANT &
7 HIGH GROUND
RESULTS
L To W
~ KING
EARLIEST FILIPINOL BARANGAY
REDUCCI ONES
PCY
OLI PHILIP I
COMMUNITY PLAZA
ORIENTED

SUNWINDTEA
COMPLEX To ,

WERE FORMED WAS THE

AIMED To ESTABLISHES
>
FOR
v
UNIFORM
W CONSISTE SURROUNDED -
V OF GATHER BY STANDARDS
COMMUNITY
DISPERSED
SECURITY COMMUNITIES W ON/NEAR
UNIT FERTILE
CATHOLIC CHURCH
FOR >
LAND
~ I
OR TO BE MUNICIPAL
30-100 COLONIAL
"UNDER THE MARKETPLACE
FAMILIES SETTLEMENTS
V BELLS"
ELEM . SCHOOL
ACCESS TO

CLOSE TO SOURCES OF FUEL , TIMBER ,

"PRINCIPALIA" >
RES OUR CES & WATER
GOV'T BUILDINGS

19
 CHICAGO
EMPHASIS
ON
AESTHETIC AMERICAN
SANITATION HOUSING <
IMPROVEMENT AGENDA
SAN
M FRANCISCO

PARTS OF
DESIGNS
MANILA AS THE
- AMERICAN PERIOD >
DANIEL
BURNHAM
THE

7
WASHINGTON
1ST CHARTERED CITY I

ENCOMPASSED

W POPULATION INCORPORATED LUNETAI

WAS ON V
INTRAMUROS
L BURNHAM's
BINONDO - -

-
DESIGN FOR MANILA
190 , 000
TONDO JULY 31 , 1903
PEOPLE IT 19

STA CRUZ
.

BAGUIO =
INCLUDED w
MALATE DESIGNED
A
WITH
FRONTED
ERMITA MANILA BAY
PACO
W
AND A W SAME AS WHICH CITY's
PANDACAN CENTRAL
-
STRONG
GRAND FRONT ORIENTED
CIVIC LARGE BODY
CORE - BAROQUE
CIVIC AVENUES MALL > 7 OF WATER
PLANS

THE
ARRABALES
- GROWTH OF MANILA > LATER
SUBURBS

W W

QUIAPO BINONDO STA CRUZ

. SAN NICOLAS SAMPALOC SAN MIGUEL MALATE ERMITA PACO PANDANCAN

CONSIDERED CENTERED CONSIDERED CONSIDERED AS CONSIDERED

CONSIDERED CONSIDERED CONSIDERED IST TOWN BUILT FOR
AS AS
AS AS AS AS ON THE EARLY BUILT AROUND

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
~ ~ ~
ILLUSTRADO TRADING TWO REST- SUMMER EARLY TRAIN
MAIN COMMERCIAL OIL DEPOTS
TERRITORY P ORT CHURCHES HOUSES RESORT TOURIST BELT STATION
COMMERCIAL TOWN
DISTRICT
KNOWN AS
MANIFESTATION W/STREETS KNOWN DEVELOPED
FIRST FOR THE THEN
OF O BY

As
DEVELOPED BECAME
BY
W W W W W W W
FOLK CHINESE SPECIALIZED SPANISH FIR ST
"UNIVERSITY RED-LI GHT AMERICANS
RELIGIOSITY & ARABS CATEGORIES GOV'T FISHING DISTRICT
TOWN"

20
 BUILT HOMES
FOR THE

NATIONAL HOUSING
MASSES < BAGONG LIPUNAN
THESE ARE WALK-UP
AUTHORITY
SITE & SERVICES
7 DEVELOPMENTS
-
R
PRECURSO -
WHICH
MEANS

PHILIPPINE HOMESITE
AND HOUSING CORP .
BLISS

X 1
158 ha

HAVING

NOVALICHES
FURTHER SUBURBANIZATION WATERSHED
11 M
REFLECTED LOCATED
IN

CITY BEAUTIFUL
A
QUEZON CITY
< AS THE NEW-
PLAN
CAPITOL CITY < > CONSTITUTION
HILL
WAS
AUTHORIZED BY COMPLETED
INCLUDES
BY

W
A

L
V L
PHILAMLIFE ~
COMMONWEALTH JUAN ARELLAND 3 SEATS OF
HOMES 20 ha
ACT NO 457
.

GOVERNMENT CIVIC SPACE

↓
COMPLETED ICON OF
BASED ON WERE TO
IN
HARRY T FROST .
FORM A REFERRED
TO AS

W L - ~
I
1941
SUBURBAN DESIGNED suMIPPLENCLAS N
TRIANGLE
V
LOUIS CROFT DEVELOPMENTS BY
PLAZA OF
(CALIFORNIA)
THE REPUBLIC
I LOCATED

v AT THE

ENG A D WILLIAMS
.
.
.

CARLOS P . V
ARGUELLES CENTER OF
THE COMPLEX

21
GOVERNMENT RECLAIMED TO REVIVE
AND
LAND MANILA
PRIVATE SECTOR
M
M OF

OF THE

11 11 7
↓ 67 ha
11
JOINT L 15 A
FILINVEST BOULEVARD FORT BONIFACIO
VENTURE
7
HAS AN
CORPORATE CITY AREA OF
2000 GLOBAL CITY
T ↑ HAS AN
AREA OF
ACCESSIBLE
To
- OF
PRIME
~ 500 na
LAND
AND
TECHNOLOGICAL INDUSTRIAL
-

EMERGING
PARKS ESTATES CBDS

NATIONAL
PRESENT DAY
GOV'T METRO MANILA
M 979 ha
SEATS THE
T
HAS AN
AREA OF CENTER OF
-
MANILA CBD W METROPOLITAN
-
>
15 THE
7
- REGION
METRO MANILA MAKATI CBD
BEGUN BY
15 THE
CENTRAL BUSINESS THE

DISTRICTS
-
L
AYALA
CENTER OF CONGLOMERATE
-
BUSINESS & COMMERCE
> CUBAO CBD DURING
L -

= ORTIGAS (BD HAS AN

AREA OF ~
HAS AN
AREA OF > 1948
37 ha
DEVELOPER
DEVELOPED W BY
INTENDER
BY
1950 AS AN
600 ha
T W
DURING ~
ARANETA
ALTERNATIVE
W FAMILY
BUSINESS CENTER
ORTIGAS
CONGLOMERATE
IN THE

-
EASTERN SIDE
22
METROPOLIS
 KEVIN LYNCH'S
IMAGE OF THE CITY

23
 TRAVEL POINT
INTENSIVE GUIDES REFERENCES
FOCI M 1 EXTERNAL
TO THE
M
STRATEGIC JUNCTIONS OBSERVER
ACTING AS ARE
SPOTS & -
T CONCENTRATIONS
-
CONSIDERED AS

CONCEPT OF
LAND MARKS
PATHS
NODES
-

DIRECTLY RELATED
>
TO THE

CONCEPT OF
DISTRICTS

ELEMENTS OF A CITY

PATHS DISTRICTS
ALIGN
WITH
s
A
-

RECOGNIZABLE
> AS HAVING
-
LARGER
L ARE
"INSIDE OF
"

STRONG SYSTEM L
PATHS W IDENTIFYING
EDGES CHARACTER
CONCEIVED
CHANNELS OF AS
ARE
W

I
IMPORTANT
(
< MAY BE

~ ORGANIZING
ALONG WHICH
PHYSICAL
-
EA SILY
THE FEATURE
> BARRIERS/ CHARACTERISTICS
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24
 IAN BENTLEY'S LEVEL OF
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25
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26
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27
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28
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34
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36
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37
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39
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40
 URBAN
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42
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43
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44
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45
 LANDSCAPE ELEMENTS OF ELEMENTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF
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46
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47