TRIPURA INSTITUTE OF PARAMEDICAL SCIENCE

NURSING SECTION
HEALTH TALK
ON
CONTRACEPTIVE TECHNIQUES (According to the availability in the Hospital
and community areas- as per latest Govt. guideline)

Submitted To Submitted By
Ms.PIANKHI SAHA SUJIT KUMAR NATH
Associate Professor M.Sc (N) 2nd Semester
TIPS Roll No- 13

Submitted On
 GENERAL INFORMATION

Name of the student teacher : Ms. Piankhi Saha

Topic : Contraceptive techniques

Group : Women attending family welfare OPD
Venue : Family planning, IGM Hospital
Time duration : 30 minutes
Size of group : 10-15

Subject : Obstetrics and Gynaecology

Method of teaching : Health talk
Av aids : Charts, flash cards
Previous knowledge of the group : Group have some knowledge about family planning methods through their practices and knowledge
given by their elders
GENERAL OBJECTIVES

o According To Group Point of View: -

At the end of teaching group will be able to understand about the family planning and also able to implement those advices and clarify doubts.

o According To Student Teacher Point of View:

- At the end of health education, student teacher will

 Have in depth knowledge about the topic.

 Gain more confidence and skills in delivering health talk.
 Develop teaching skills.
 Counselling the mother on family planning.
 Gain skills in preparing audio-visual aids.
 Utilize A.V aids effectively.
 LEARMING AND TEACHING
ACTIVITY
TIME SPECFI CONTENT A.V AIDS EVALUATION
C Teachers Learner
OBJEC activity activity
TIVE
2min To Introduce I Sujit Kumar Nath student of M.sc 2nd
self and topic semester from TIPS of Nursing going to
to the group. present health talk on
“Contraceptive techniques”

Family planning services are defined as

educational comprehensive medical or
social activities which enables individuals,
including minors, to determine freely the
number and spacing of their children.

DEFINITION
1min To define Family planning methods are
family preventive methods to help women
planning avoid unwanted pregnancies. They
methods. include all temporary and permanent Define family
methods to prevent pregnancy resulting planning
from coitus. methods?

CRITERIA FOR IDEAL

CONTRACEPTIVE
2min To discuss the
criteria for ideal  It should be safe for use, means
free from any kind of side What are the
contraceptive.
effects. criteria for an
 It should be reliable. ideal
contraceptive?
 • It should be easy to administer and
convenient.
• It should be cost effective.
• It should be culturally feasible and
acceptable.

TYPES OF FAMILY PLANNING

To explain the METHODS:- The student Explain the
20min
types of family teacher explains types of
planning methods. The methods available currently in India the various types family
may be broadly divide into two of family planning
categories, spacing methods and planning methods?
permanent methods. There is another methods.
method (emergency contraceptive pill) to
be used in cases of emergency.

• SPACING MEHODS

These are the reversible methods of

contraception to be used by couples
who wish to have children in future.
This include:

A. ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE PILLS

These are hormonal pills which have

to be taken by a women, preferably
at a fixed time, daily. The strip also
contains additional placebo/iron pills
to be consumed during the hormonal
pill free days. The method may be
used by majority of women after
screening by a trained provider.

• Combined pill
It contains oestrogen and
progesterone. The pill is an effective
 and reversible contraceptive for
women wanting to delay her first
pregnancy or space the next child.
The pill is given orally for 21
consecutive days beginning on the 5th
day of menstrual cycle followed by a
break of 7 days during which period
mensturation occurs. eg:- MALA-N.
It is available free of cost at all public
healthcare facilities.

• Post coital pill/Emergency

Contraceptive Pill
• To be consumed in cases of
emergency arising out of
unplanned/unprotected
intercourse.
• The pill should be consumed within
72 hours of the sexual act and should
never be considered a replacement for
a regular contraceptive.
eg:- levonorgestrel (ezy pill)

c) Centchroman “Chhaya”
• It is the safest non-steroidal oral
contraceptive pill . It is available
free of cost in all Public Health
Facilities.
• Chhaya is taken from the 1st day of
cycle, starting twice a week for 3
months and from the fourth month
onwards, only one tablet once a week
is taken as long to avoid pregnancy.
B. PHYSICAL BARRIER METHOD

a) Condoms (Nirodh)
 It is a thin rubber sheath which is
used by men. It is rolled over the
erect penis before having sex.
This rubber sheath prevents the
entry of semen into the vagina.
 These are barrier methods of
contraception which offer the dual
protection of preventing unwanted
pregnancies as well as
transmission of RTI/STI including
HIV.
 The brand “Nirodh” is available
free of cost at government health
facilities and supplied at doorstep
by ASHA’s at minimal cost.

C. INJECTABLE CONTRACEPTIVE

Injectable contraceptives contain

synthetic hormones resembling the
natural female hormones. When
administered there is a slow release of
hormone into the blood stream and it
provides protection from pregnancy
for a long duration of time.

a) Depot MedroxyProgesterone
Acetate(DMPA/MPA)- 3 monthly
Injection
 Can be given through
intramuscular route(IM)
or subcutaneous
route(SC)
1. Intramuscular MPA: available as
 single dose vial with disposable
syringe and needle
 Prefilled syringe with needle
Dose:- one vial of 150mg per
100ml, aqueous suspension of
MPA

2. Subcutaneous MPA:
 Prefilled auto disable syringe in
uniject system (squeezing bulb
pushes the fluid through the
needle)
Dose:- 104mg per 0.65ml
suspension of MPA

D. INTRA-UTERINE
CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES (IUCD)

 It is a small, often T-shaped

birth control device that is
inserted into a woman's
uterus to prevent pregnancy.
 Copper containing IUCDs are a
highly effective method for long
term birth spacing.
 Should not be used by women with
uterine anomalies or women with
active PID or those who are at
increased risk of STI/RTI (women
with multiple partners).
 The acceptor needs to return for
follow up visit after 1, 3 and 6
months of IUCD insertion as
the expulsion rate is highest in
this duration.
 There are mainly two
types of IUCD which is
used: o Cu IUCD 380A
(10 yrs)
 o Cu IUCD 375 (5 yrs)

 New approach of method delivery-

postpartum IUCD (PPIUCD)
insertion by specially trained
providers to tap the opportunities
offered by institutional deliveries.
 Post Abortion IUCD (PAIUCD) –
Repeated unintended pregnancies
and unwanted births or abortions
contributes to increase morbidity
and mortality among mothers and
newborns. The provision of
effective post abortion services
helps in decreasing maternal
morbidities by averting unwanted
pregnancies.
E. MISCELLANEOUS

 Abstinence (withdrawl)- It is an
ancient method of contraception.
The male withdraws just before
ejaculation and thereby prevents
deposition of semen in the
vagina.
The risk of pregnancy is very high
because small amounts of pre-
ejaculatory fluid containing sperms
ooze out during intercourse.
 Rhythm method- A week before
and a week after the menses is
considered as the safe period.
During this period the women is
not fertile because she cannot
ovulate. For eg. If the day of
menstruation for a women is
Monday, the next Monday will be
 her first risky day. The period
between the first risky Monday
and last risky Monday will be the
unsafe period.
 Breast feeding- Breast feeding
has a natural contraceptive
effect. The mother should be
encouraged to breast feed their
babies for more than one year.
This will help in spacing the
birth of their children more
widely.

II. PERMANENT METHODS

These methods may be adopted by any

member of the couple and are generally
considered irreversible.

A. FEMALE
STERILISA
TION There
are two
techniques:
a) Minilap – Minilaparotomy
 It involves making a small
incision in the abdomen. The
fallopian tubes are brought to
the incision to be cut or
blocked.
 It can be performed by a trained
MBBS doctor.
 b) Laparoscopic
 Laparoscopy involves inserting a
long thin tube with a lens in it
into the abdomen through a small
incision. This laparoscope enables
the doctor to see and block or cut
the fallopian tubes in the
abdomen.
 It Can be done only by trained
and certified MBBS doctor or
specialist.

c) Post Abortion Sterilisation

This refers to the
sterilization done within 7
days of a complete abortion.
B. MALE STERILISATION

a) Through a puncture or small

incision in the scrotum, the
provider locates each of the 2
tubes that carries sperm to the
penis (vas deferens) and cuts or
blocks it by cutting and tying it
closed or by applying heat or
electricity (cautery). The
procedure is performed by MBBS
trained doctors. However, the
couple needs to use an alternative
method of contraception for first
three months after sterilization till
no sperms are detected in semen.
  Non- scalpel vasectomy – It is
performed under local
anaesthesia. The vas is grasped
with a specially designed
forceps. Stretched skin over the
vas is punctured with the sharp
pointed end of a forceps instead
of using a scalpel. No skin
suturing is needed.

ADVANTAGES OF FAMILY
5min To explain the PLANNING METHODS What are the
advantages of advantages of
 TO MOTHER
family planning family planning
 In a small planned family, a
methods. mother can maintain her health by methods?
restricting the no. of the children
and spacing her pregnancy.
 It creates loss of fear about
unwanted pregnancy.
 Mother will have been strain
and worry due to limited
number of children.
 Mother will have more to give
proper attention and love her
children.
 Mother will have more time to
participate in other fruitful
attributes like education,
vocation training, community
project etc.
 Mother can await better job
opportunities in small family.
 Mother can save child’s health,
low chance of foetal death, birth
defects, mortality during infancy
and childhood.

 TO CHILD
 Child will have a good
environment for his
proper psychological
growth and development.
 Child get proper nutrition,
education, parental care and love.
 Child can provide sound economic
base for family.

 TO FATHER
 Father can provide children with
better education, comfort, food,
clothing, recreation.
 He will be more relaxed and enjoy
good health.
 He will have improved living
standard, better health.

 TO COMMUNITY
 Small family leads to
conservation of natural resources
and savings.
 Small family norms helps the
nation to have enough school,
hospital and other basis services.
 Small family norm yields more
employment.
 Small planned families would
gradually bring happiness,
harmony and prosperity.
SUMMARY

Today we discussed about family planning

methods. I explained about the definition
of family planning methods, , criteria for
ideal contraceptive, types of family
planning methods like barrier methods,
intra- uterine devices, post- conceptional
methods, hormonal methods or terminal
methods, advantages of family planning
methods.

CONCLUSION

 A way of thinking and living

that is adopted voluntarily upon
the basis of knowledge,
attitudes and responsible
decisions by Individuals and
couples, in order to promote the
health and welfare of family
and group and thus contribute
effectively to the social
development of a country.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

 PARK.K, Textbook Of Preventive And Social Medicine,23th Edition, Bhanot Publications, Page 526-531
 Basavanthappa, Textbook Of Community Health Nursing Practice, Jay Pee Publication,Page-568
 Gulani K.K.A Textbook Of Community Health Nurse.Kumar Publishing2016;85-89
https://mohfw.gov.in/sites/default/files/06Chapter.pdf