Sheila Mae P.

Ceriales January 30, 2024

BSCE 4- CETS 466- M5

RESEARCH WORK

What is an organization?
- An organization is a structured group of individuals or entities working together to achieve
common goals in civil engineering projects. It may include companies, government agencies, or
professional teams. The organization's structure may involve different departments or
specialized teams for specific aspects, such as design, construction, project management, and
quality control.

What are the different types of organizations? Describe each.

 Functional Organization -the most commonly used organization type, teams are
organized by specialized skills, like sales or marketing. Each group has a manager who
holds authority over budget, resources, and decisions. These managers control their
team members, who report directly to them. If a project arises, resources are borrowed,
but project managers have limited authority and may be called coordinators. Once the
project ends, resources return to their functional teams for routine work. This structure
prioritizes expertise in functional areas but can face challenges in managing complex
projects.
 Matrix Organization - The matrix organization structure is a combination of two or more
types of organizational structures, such as the projectized and functional structures,
enhancing efficiency, readiness, and market adaptation. It's ideal for dynamic
organizations, allowing faster response to market or customer demands and reducing
lead time for new product production, making it a more efficient and adaptable
structure.
 Projectized Organization - the ideal organization type for a project manager is a
projectized structure. In this setup, project managers have significant authority,
freedom, and influence over projects. They're like the main bosses during project
execution. However, once a project is finished, project managers may not have a
continuing role, leading to potential job insecurity.
 Composite Organization- it combines elements from functional, matrix, and projectized
organizational types, adapting models based on project needs, simplicity, or power
distribution. This approach is commonly used in modern businesses, where projects are
managed with a balanced matrix, functional approach, or projectized structure, tailoring
the organization's structure to suit each project's requirements.
Who are the different people involved in the organizational structure in construction
management? Describe briefly each role.

 Owner or Client -The individual or organization for whom the construction project is
being undertaken. The owner initiates the project, provides funding, and ultimately
benefits from the completed structure.
  Project Manager- oversees the entire construction project. They coordinate activities,
manage resources, and ensure that the project is completed on time, within budget, and
according to specifications.
 General Contractor - is responsible for overall project construction. They may hire
subcontractors, manage the construction site, and ensure that the project adheres to
specifications and quality standards.
 Architect or Design Professional - is involved in the planning and design phases of the
project. They create architectural drawings, specifications, and design plans,
collaborating with the owner and ensuring that the construction aligns with the
intended design.
 Engineers- including civil, structural, mechanical, and electrical engineers, provide
specialized expertise in various aspects of the construction project. They may be
involved in designing structures, systems, and ensuring compliance with engineering
standards.
 Construction Manager (CM) or Construction Management Team- In some projects, a
construction manager or construction management team may be employed to provide
oversight and coordination. They work closely with the owner, architect, and general
contractor to ensure that the project meets quality, budget, and schedule requirements.
 Subcontractors- are specialized contractors hired by the general contractor to perform
specific tasks or trades. They may include subcontractors for electrical work, plumbing,
HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning), concrete, and other specialized
construction activities.
 Inspectors and Quality Control Personnel- Inspectors and quality control personnel
ensure that construction activities adhere to safety standards, building codes, and
project specifications. They may conduct inspections at various stages of construction to
identify and address any issues.
 Safety Officer - are responsible for implementing and monitoring safety protocols on the
construction site. They work to prevent accidents and ensure that all workers follow
safety regulations.
 Project Accountant/Controller- manage the financial aspects of the construction
project. They track expenses, prepare financial reports, and ensure that the project
stays within budget.
 Legal and Contracts Team- handles legal aspects, including contracts, permits, and
compliance issues. They ensure that all legal requirements are met and may assist in
dispute resolution if needed.
Describe each of the five management functions:
 Planning - is figuring out what has to be done, when it needs to be done, and how. It
includes creating strategies, goals, and activities to reach those objectives.
 Organizing – it is creating structures and procedures for coordination and execution,
organizing includes the systematic placement of people, tasks, and resources to
accomplish the desired goals.
 Staffing - the process of obtaining and growing the workforce required for a company,
including recruitment, orientation, and keeping workers.
  Directing - Making judgments, giving instructions, inspiring employees to carry out
plans, and guaranteeing that tasks are completed successfully.
 Controlling – it is keeping an eye on performance in relation to plans, identifying
deviations, and implementing corrective measures to keep the company moving in the
direction of its objectives.

RESEARCH

[1]“Understanding Types of Organization - PMP® Study,” Simplilearn.com. Accessed: Jan. 30, 2024.
[Online]. Available: https://www.simplilearn.com/types-of-organization-article