Subject:

Imperial College London Initials:

Bracing Design
Design code: Eurocode 3 Sheet No. of
Bracing members

Figure 1 Bracing Locations

Wind Load
Unfactored Wind Load = 0.6 𝑘𝑁𝑚−2
Factored Wind Load = 0.6 ⋅ 1.5 = 0.9 𝑘𝑁𝑚−2
Transverse wind load on one set of bracings

36
0.9 ⋅ = 16.2 𝑘𝑁𝑚−2
2

Longitudinal wind load on one set of bracings

25.1
0.9 ⋅ = 11.295 𝑘𝑁𝑚−2
2
Transverse Bracing Calculations (using subscript T)
𝛾𝑚0 = 1
𝛾𝑚2 = 1.25

Figure: Transverse Bracing Loading

Calculation of forces
𝐹𝑇1 = 16.2 ⋅ 2 = 32.4 𝑘𝑁
𝐹𝑇2 = 𝐹𝑇3 = 16.2 ⋅ 4 = 64.8
𝐹𝑇4 = 16.2 ⋅ (3.4 + 2) = 87.48 𝑘𝑁

Calculation of angles
4
𝜃1 = 𝜃2 = 𝜃3 = arctan ( ) = 41.63°
4.5
6.8
𝜃4 = arctan ( ) = 56.50°
4.5
 Subject:
CIVE50009
Bracing Design
Design code: Eurocode 3 Sheet No.
 Subject:
CIVE50009
Bracing Design
Design code: Eurocode 3 Sheet No.

For 𝐵𝑟𝑇2 , choose 𝑪𝑯𝑺 𝟑𝟑. 𝟕 × 𝟒

𝐴 = 𝐴𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 373𝑚𝑚2
𝛾𝑚0 = 1
𝛾𝑚2 = 1.25
𝐴𝑓𝑦
𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠 tan 𝑐 𝑒 = 𝑁𝑝𝑙,𝑅𝑑 = = 132.42 𝑘𝑁
𝛾𝑚0
0.9𝐴𝑛𝑒𝑡 𝑓𝑢
𝑈𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠 tan 𝑐 𝑒 = 𝑁𝑢,𝑅𝑑 = = 136.97 𝑘𝑁
𝛾𝑚2
𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠 tan 𝑐 𝑒 𝑜𝑓 sec 𝑡 𝑖𝑜𝑛 = min(𝑁𝑝𝑙,𝑅𝑑 , 𝑁𝑢,𝑅𝑑 ) = 132.42𝑘𝑁 > 130.05𝑘𝑁

For 𝐵𝑟𝑇3 , choose 𝑪𝑯𝑺 𝟕𝟔. 𝟏 × 𝟐. 𝟗

𝐴 = 𝐴𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 629𝑚𝑚2
𝛾𝑚0 = 1
𝛾𝑚2 = 1.25
𝐴𝑓𝑦
𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠 tan 𝑐 𝑒 = 𝑁𝑝𝑙,𝑅𝑑 = = 236.79 𝑘𝑁
𝛾𝑚0
0.9𝐴𝑛𝑒𝑡 𝑓𝑢
𝑈𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠 tan 𝑐 𝑒 = 𝑁𝑢,𝑅𝑑 = = 244.92 𝑘𝑁
𝛾𝑚2
𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠 tan 𝑐 𝑒 𝑜𝑓 sec 𝑡 𝑖𝑜𝑛 = min(𝑁𝑝𝑙,𝑅𝑑 , 𝑁𝑢,𝑅𝑑 ) = 236.79𝑘𝑁 > 216.75𝑘𝑁

For 𝐵𝑟𝑇4 , choose 𝑪𝑯𝑺 𝟖𝟖. 𝟗 × 𝟓

𝐴 = 𝐴𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 1320𝑚𝑚2
𝛾𝑚0 = 1
𝛾𝑚2 = 1.25
𝐴𝑓𝑦
𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 = 𝑁𝑝𝑙,𝑅𝑑 = = 468.6 𝑘𝑁
𝛾𝑚0
0.9𝐴𝑛𝑒𝑡 𝑓𝑢
𝑈𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 = 𝑁𝑢,𝑅𝑑 = = 484.70 𝑘𝑁
𝛾𝑚2
𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑓 sec 𝑡 𝑖𝑜𝑛 = min(𝑁𝑝𝑙,𝑅𝑑 , 𝑁𝑢,𝑅𝑑 ) = 468.6𝑘𝑁 > 452.07𝑘𝑁
 Subject:
CIVE50009
Bracing Design
Design code: Eurocode 3 Sheet No.

Longitudinal Bracing Calculations (using subscript L)

Figure: Longitudinal Bracing Loading

Calculation of forces
𝐹𝐿1 = 11.295 ⋅ 2 = 22.59𝑘𝑁
𝐹𝐿2 = 𝐹𝐿3 = 11.295 ⋅ 4 = 45.18𝑘𝑁
𝐹𝐿4 = 11.295 ⋅ (2 + 3.4) = 61.00𝑘𝑁
Calculation of angles
4
𝜃1 = 𝜃2 = 𝜃3 = arctan ( ) = 29.05°
7.2
6.8
𝜃4 = arctan ( ) = 43.36°
7.2
Calculation of tensions of the bracings
22.59
𝑅𝐿1 = = 25.84𝑘𝑁
cos(29.05)
22.59 + 45.18
𝑅𝐿2 = = 77.53𝑘𝑁
cos(29.05)
22.59 + 45.18 × 2
𝑅𝐿3 = = 129.21𝑘𝑁
cos(29.05)
22.59 + 45.18 × 2 + 61.00
𝑅𝐿4 = = 239.26𝑘𝑁
cos(43.36)
 Subject:
CIVE50009
Bracing Design
Design code: Eurocode 3 Sheet No.

For 𝐵𝑟𝐿1 and 𝐵𝑟𝐿2 , choose 𝑪𝑯𝑺 𝟐𝟔. 𝟗 × 𝟑. 𝟐

𝐴 = 𝐴𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 238𝑚𝑚2
𝛾𝑚0 = 1

𝛾𝑚2 = 1.25
𝐴𝑓𝑦
𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠 tan 𝑐 𝑒 = 𝑁𝑝𝑙,𝑅𝑑 = = 84.49 𝑘𝑁
𝛾𝑚0
0.9𝐴𝑛𝑒𝑡 𝑓𝑢
𝑈𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠 tan 𝑐 𝑒 = 𝑁𝑢,𝑅𝑑 = = 87.39 𝑘𝑁
𝛾𝑚2

𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠 tan 𝑐 𝑒 𝑜𝑓 sec 𝑡 𝑖𝑜𝑛 = min(𝑁𝑝𝑙,𝑅𝑑 , 𝑁𝑢,𝑅𝑑 ) = 84.49𝑘𝑁 > 77.53𝑘𝑁 > 25.84𝑘𝑁

For 𝐵𝑟𝐿3 , choose 𝑪𝑯𝑺 𝟑𝟑. 𝟕 × 𝟒

𝐴 = 𝐴𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 373𝑚𝑚2
𝛾𝑚0 = 1
𝛾𝑚2 = 1.25
𝐴𝑓𝑦
𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠 tan 𝑐 𝑒 = 𝑁𝑝𝑙,𝑅𝑑 = = 132.42 𝑘𝑁
𝛾𝑚0
0.9𝐴𝑛𝑒𝑡 𝑓𝑢
𝑈𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠 tan 𝑐 𝑒 = 𝑁𝑢,𝑅𝑑 = = 136.97 𝑘𝑁
𝛾𝑚2
𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠 tan 𝑐 𝑒 𝑜𝑓 sec 𝑡 𝑖𝑜𝑛 = min(𝑁𝑝𝑙,𝑅𝑑 , 𝑁𝑢,𝑅𝑑 ) = 132.42𝑘𝑁 > 120.21𝑘𝑁

For 𝐵𝑟𝐿4 , choose 𝑪𝑯𝑺 𝟒𝟖. 𝟑 × 𝟓. 𝟎

𝐴 = 𝐴𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 680𝑚𝑚2
𝛾𝑚0 = 1
𝛾𝑚2 = 1.25
𝐴𝑓𝑦
𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠 tan 𝑐 𝑒 = 𝑁𝑝𝑙,𝑅𝑑 = = 241.4 𝑘𝑁
𝛾𝑚0
0.9𝐴𝑛𝑒𝑡 𝑓𝑢
𝑈𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠 tan 𝑐 𝑒 = 𝑁𝑢,𝑅𝑑 = = 249.70 𝑘𝑁
𝛾𝑚2
𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠 tan 𝑐 𝑒 𝑜𝑓 sec 𝑡 𝑖𝑜𝑛 = min(𝑁𝑝𝑙,𝑅𝑑 , 𝑁𝑢,𝑅𝑑 ) = 241.4𝑘𝑁 > 239.26𝑘𝑁
 Subject:
CIVE50009
Bracing Design
Design code: Eurocode 3 Sheet No.

Bracing member summary

𝐵𝑟𝑇1 : 𝐶𝐻𝑆 26.9 × 3.2

𝐵𝑟𝑇2 : 𝐶𝐻𝑆 33.7 × 4

𝐵𝑟𝑇3 : 𝐶𝐻𝑆 76.1 × 2.9

𝐵𝑟𝑇4 : 𝐶𝐻𝑆 88.9 × 5

𝐵𝑟𝐿1 : 𝐶𝐻𝑆 26.9 × 3.2

𝐵𝑟𝐿2 : 𝐶𝐻𝑆 26.9 × 3.2

𝐵𝑟𝐿3 : 𝐶𝐻𝑆 33.7 × 4

𝐵𝑟𝐿4 : 𝐶𝐻𝑆 48.3 × 5.0

 Subject:
CIVE50009
Bracing Design
Design code: Eurocode 3 Sheet No.
 Subject:
CIVE50009
Bracing Design
Design code: Eurocode 3 Sheet No.
 Subject:
CIVE50009
Bracing Design
Design code: Eurocode 3 Sheet No.
 Subject:
CIVE50009
Bracing Design
Design code: Eurocode 3 Sheet No.
 Subject:
CIVE50009
Bracing Design
Design code: Eurocode 3 Sheet No.
 Subject:
CIVE50009
Bracing Design
Design code: Eurocode 3 Sheet No.
 Subject:
CIVE50009
Bracing Design
Design code: Eurocode 3 Sheet No.
 Subject:
CIVE50009
Bracing Design
Design code: Eurocode 3 Sheet No.
 Subject:
CIVE50009
Bracing Design
Design code: Eurocode 3 Sheet No.
 Subject:
CIVE50009
Bracing Design
Design code: Eurocode 3 Sheet No.
 Subject:
CIVE50009
Bracing Design
Design code: Eurocode 3 Sheet No.
 Subject:
CIVE50009
Bracing Design
Design code: Eurocode 3 Sheet No.
 Subject:
CIVE50009
Bracing Design
Design code: Eurocode 3 Sheet No.
 Subject:
CIVE50009
Bracing Design
Design code: Eurocode 3 Sheet No.