INTRODUCTION

A diesel power plant generates electricity using diesel engines, converting diesel
fuel's chemical energy into mechanical energy, then into electrical energy. It comprises
a diesel engine, fuel system, air intake, cooling, exhaust, and control systems. Diesel
power plants serve backup, prime, peak shaving, and remote power needs. They offer
quick startup, reliability, and scalability but face challenges like fuel costs, emissions,
and maintenance. Despite limitations, diesel power plants provide a flexible and
dependable electricity solution across various applications.

Figure 1.1: Diesel Power Plant Design

Figure 1.2: Schematic Diagram of Diesel Power Plant
 Figure 1.3: P-V and T-s Diagram

CALCULATING: IHP, BHP, FHP, and Engine Efficiency

To calculate this, we need some specification of engine power of a Daihatsu engine
manufacturer and we check some engines in the internet.
https://www.dhtd.co.jp/en/products/assets/catalog/pdf_co_generation_en/book.pdf

Figure 1.4: 60hz Engine Specification of Daihatsu Manufacturer

Calculate Total Electrical Power Output:
Total Electric Power Output = No. of Generators * Rated MVA * Power Factor
Total Electric Power Output = 2 * 6.5 MVA * 0.85
Total Electric Power Output = 11.05 MW
Calculate Mechanical Power Required:
Mechanical Power = (Total Electrical Power Output)/(Generator Efficiency)
Mechanical Power = (11.05MW) / 0.97
Mechanical Power = 11.402 MW
Convert Mechanical Power to Indicated Horsepower:
IHP = (Mechanical Power) / (Number of Engines)
IHP = 11.402 MW / 2 Engines
IHP = 5.701 MW / Engines

Adjust for Mechanical Efficiency:

Assuming that the Mechanical Efficiency is 95%
Adjust Mechanical Power = (Mechanical Power) / (Mechanical Efficiency)
Adjust Mechanical Power = 11.402 MW / 0.95
Adjust Mechanical Power = 11.953 MW
Convert to Brake Horsepower (BHP):
BHP = (Adjusted Mechanical Power) / Number of Engines
BHP = 11.953 MW / 2 Engines
BHP = 5.9765 MW
Calculate Frictional Horsepower (FHP):
FHP = Adjusted Mechanical Power – BHP
FHP = 11.953 MW – 5.9765 MW
FHP = 5.9765 MW
Calculate Engine Efficiency:
Assuming Using 1000MJ input Energy from the fuel
Engine Efficiency (%) = (Output Power (BHP)) / Input Energy From Fuel
Engine Efficiency (%) = 5.9765 MW / 1000MJ
1MW = 1000 kW
1MJ = 0.2778 kWh
Engine Efficiency (%) = (5.9765 MW * 1000 kW) / 1000 MJ * 0.2778 kW
Engine Efficiency (%) = 21.51%

Designing Heavy and Light Fuel Oil Storage Tank

Assume that:

 Each diesel engine has a fuel consumption rate of 0.35 gallons per kilowatt-hour
(gal/kWh).
 The total rated output power of each engine is 2 MW (2000 kW).
 The power plant operates 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, for a total of approximately
720 hours per month.

Fuel Consumption Rate per Engine = 0.35 gal/kWh

Total Rated Output Power per Engine = 2000 kW
Operating Hours per Month = 720 hours
Number of Engines = 2
Fuel Consumption per Engine per Month = Fuel Consumption Rate per Engine * Total Rated
Output Power per Engine * Operating Hours per Month
Fuel Consumption per Engine per Month=0.35 gal/kWh×2000 kW×720 hours
Fuel Consumption per Engine per Month=504,000 gallons
Total Fuel Consumption per Month = Fuel Consumption per Engine per Month * Number of
Engines
Total Fuel Consumption per Month = 504,000 gallons * 2 Engines
Total Fuel Consumption per Month = 1,008,000 gallons
Total Fuel Consumption per Month at cubic feet = 1,008,000 gallons * 0.133681
Tota Fuel Consumption per Month at cubic feet = 134,803.05 cubic ft
Total Fuel consumption per Month at cubic feet (for 1 engine) = 134,803.05 cubic ft / 2 engines
Total Fuel consumption per Month at cubic feet (for 1 engine) = 67375.224 cubic ft

Calculate Tank Dimensions for Heavy Fuel Oil Storage tank

The formula for tank capacity (V) in cubic feet is:
V = 3.14 * Radius^2 * Height
Assuming that the height is 36 feet
67375.224 cubic ft = 3.14(pie) * radius^2 * 36 ft
Radius = 24.4075 ft
Calculate Tank Dimensions for Light Fuel Oil Storage tank
Assuming that the Dimension of Light Fuel Oil tank height is less than 48 inches of a Heavy
Fuel Oil Storage Tank.

COOLING TOWER & MAKE UP WATER SYSTEM.

Figure
1.5: COOLING TOWERS & MAKE UP WATER SYSTEM
The cooling tower and makeup water system work together in industrial processes to
manage heat dissipation and maintain water levels. The cooling tower cools warm water from
industrial processes through evaporation, while the makeup water system replenishes water lost
through evaporation and other factors. Makeup water is added to the system from external
sources, and water treatment processes are employed to maintain water quality. Proper
coordination between these systems ensures efficient operation and equipment longevity.

CALCULATE THE EXHAUST GAS & DESIGN SMOKE STACK

Figure 1.6: SMOKE STACKS

Stack Height:
Typical stack heights for power plants can range from 50 meters (165 feet) to over 200 meters
(656 feet) or more. The height we choose is 50 meters minimum for the height of smoke stacks.
Stack Diameter:
Common stack diameters for power plants can range from a few meters to tens of meters.
Aspect Ratio:
Common aspect ratios for power plant stacks typically range from 4:1 to 8:1 or higher,
depending on regulatory requirements and site-specific conditions.
Liner Thickness:
Liner thickness can vary depending on the material properties and design standards but
typically ranges from several millimeters to centimeters.
Support Structures:
The design of support structures depends on factors such as soil conditions, environmental
loads, and local building codes.
Plume Dispersal:
Engineering studies and dispersion modeling are conducted to optimize stack height and
diameter for effective plume dispersal while minimizing ground-level concentrations of
pollutants.

DESIGN THE FRESH WATER & LUBE OIL PLATE-TYPE

COOLERS.
 Figure 1.7: Fresh Water & Lube Oil Plate-Type Coolers
Plate-type coolers for fresh water and lubricant systems are used in a variety of sectors
to regulate fluid temperatures. They operate by transmitting heat between two fluids via metal
plates. One fluid runs via the channels created by the plates, while the other flows through
alternate channels. Heat exchange takes place between the fluids via the plates, cooling the
hotter fluid and potentially heating the colder fluid. These coolers have features such as
compact size, effective heat transmission, and easy maintenance, making them ideal for
applications with limited space or that require precise temperature control.

DESIGN THE FUEL OIL PIPING FROM STORAGE TO SERVICE TANK TO DE

 Figure 1.8: FUEL OIL PIPING FROM STORAGE TO SERVICE TANK TO DE

CALCULATE THE A/F RATIO, HEAT RATES, FUEL CONSUMPTION, AND EFFICIENCIES
A/F Ratio:
A/F = Mass Flow Rate Of air / Mass Flow Rate of Oil
A/F =