APP’D

CERT.
GENERATION ENGINEERING & MATERIALS STANDARD SPECIFICATION

ORIG’D

GEMSS-E-03
Revision No. 02

Neutral Equipment

VOLUME - 1
REVISIONS

DESCRIPTION

PROPRIETARY INFORMATION

This document contains proprietary information developed by and for exclusive use of
Saudi Electricity Company. Your acceptance of the document is an acknowledgement
that it must be used for the identified purpose/application and during the period indicated.
It cannot be used or copied for any other purposes nor released to others without prior
written authorization of Saudi Electricity Company. Saudi Electricity Company will not be
responsible for misuse and/or misapplication, and any harm resulting therefrom. Saudi
Electricity Company also reserves the right to take any necessary actions to protect its
interest against unauthorized use.
DATE

Copy right © Saudi Electiricity Company. All rights reserved.

NO.

1.

2.

3.

Generation Projects Engineering Department

Generation Engineering & Materials
Standard Specifications
GEMSS-E-03,Rev.02 Volume - 1
Neutral Equipment
Document Responsibility:- Engineering and Design Division
Next Planned Update : Based on new development & technology with the consent of designated division

Table of Contents

1.0 GENERAL DESCRIPTION -------------------------------------- 7

2.0 SCOPE --------------------------------------------------------------- 7

3.0 APPLICABLE CODES AND STANDARDS ---------------- 7

4.0 DESIGN CRITERIA AND SYSTEM DETAILS ------------- 8

5.0 MATERIALS -------------------------------------------------------- 8

6.0 GENERAL TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS ---------------- 9

6.1 Generator Neutral Grounding Connections ------------------ 9

6.2 Earthing Transformer --------------------------------------------- 9

6.3 Earthing Resistor --------------------------------------------------- 9

7.0 MISCELLANEOUS REQUIREMENTS ----------------------- 9

7.1 Related Instrumentation and Control -------------------------- 9

7.2 Factory inspection and testing ---------------------------------- 9

7.3 Field Quality and Control --------------------------------------- 10

8.0 TECHNICAL DATA SCHEDULE ---------------------------- 10

Document Responsibility: Engineering and Design Division Volume - 1
Next Planned Update:- Based on new development & technology GEMSS-E-03,Rev.02
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List of Abbreviations

- Minus
% per cent
± plus or minus
+ Plus
< less than
> more than
° Degree
°C degree Celsius
AABC Associated Air Balance Council
Ac alternating current
Ac/h air changes per hour
AFFF aqueous film forming foam
AHU air handling unit
ANSI American National Standard Institute
API American Petroleum Institute
ARI American Refrigeration Institute
ARU automatic run-up and loading
ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers
ASHRAE American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Engineers
AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers
ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials
AVR automatic voltage regulator
AWWA American Water Works Association
B&W black and white
BFP boiler feed pump
BMCR boiler maximum continuous rating
BOD biological oxygen demand
BOP balance of plant
BS British Standard
Btu British thermal unit
BWRO brackish water reverse osmosis
BIL Basic insulation Level
I&C instrumentation and control
CCB central control building
CCD charged couple device
CCR central control room
CCTV closed circuit television
CD ROM compact disk read only memory
CEMS continuous emissions monitoring system
CFC chloro-fluoro carbons
CFD computational fluid dynamics
CIF carriage, insurance and freight
CIP clean in place
CO carbon monoxide
CO2 carbon dioxide
COD chemical oxygen demand
COI Critical Oxygen Index
Cr/SS chromium/stainless steel
Cos Cosine
CPP condensate polishing plant
cSt centistoke
CT current transformer
CV curriculum vitae
CW circulating water
CCCW closed circuit cooling water
dB(A) decibel (audio)
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Document Responsibility: Engineering and Design Division Volume - 1
Next Planned Update:- Based on new development & technology GEMSS-E-03,Rev.02
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Db dry bulb
dc or DC direct current
DCS distributed control system
DEH digital electro hydraulic
DEHG digital electro hydraulic governor
DFO distillate fuel oil
DFR design flow rating
DGP data gathering panel
DIM design intent memorandum
DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung
DL dead load
DLT digital linear type
DM dual media
DNB departure from nucleate boiling
EEC European Economic Community
EHV extra high voltage
EIA Environmental Impact Assessment
EN Euro Norm
EOTC electric overhead travelling crane
EPC engineer, procure and construct
EPR ethylene propylene rubber
EPRI Electrical Power Research Institute
EPRS effective projected radiant heat absorbing surface
ESP electrostatic precipitator
ESV emergency stop valve
EVER epoxy vinyl ester resin
EWS engineer’s workstation
FAC Final Acceptance Certificate
FAT Factory Acceptance Test
FCB fast cut back
FD forced draft
FFFP film forming fluoro-protein
FGD flue gas desulphurization
FM Factory Mutual
FOC fibre optic cables
FOPH fuel oil pump house
FTIR Fourier Transform Infra Red
G gauge (pressure)
G/Y green/yellow
GCB generator circuit breaker
GE generator end
GGH gas/gas heater
GIS gas insulated switchgear
GR gas recirculating
GRP glass reinforced plastic
GT gas turbine
GTMDO gas transfer membrane de-oxygenation
H&S health and safety
H2 Hydrogen
H2O Water
HAZAN hazard analysis
HAZID hazard identification
HAZOP hazard and operability
HB Brinell Hardness
HCFC hydrochlorofluorocarbon
HCISS High Commission for Industrial Safety and Security
HCL hydrochloric acid
HDPE high density polyethylene
HEI Heat Exchange Institute
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Document Responsibility: Engineering and Design Division Volume - 1
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HFO heavy fuel oil

HMI human machine interface
H-OH hydrogen-hydroxide cycle
HP high pressure
HRC high rupture current
HV high voltage
HVAC heating, ventilation and air conditioning
Hz Hertz
I/O input/output
ICEA Insulated Cable Engineers Association
ID induced draft
IBC intermediate bulk container
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers
IP Ingress Protection
IPB isolated phase busbar
ISO International Standards Organization
ITP Inspection and Test Plan
JIS Japanese Industrial Standards
KCl potassium chloride
Kg Kilogram
2
kg/cm kilogram per square centimetre
3
kg/m kilogram per cubic metre
kg/s kilogram per second
kJ/kg kilojoule per kilogram
kJ/kWh kilojoule per kilowatt hour
KKS Kraftwerk Kennzeichen System
Km Kilometre
KSA Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
kV Kilovolt
kVA kilovolt amperes
kVAr Kilovar
kW Kilowatt
kWh kilowatt-hour
Lb pounds (Imperial weight)
l/s litre per second
LAN local area network
LCD liquid crystal display
LED light emitting diode
LHV lower heating value
LL live load
LP low pressure
LSF low smoke and fume
LTSA long term service agreement
LV low voltage
M Metre
m/sec metre per second
3
m metres cubed
3
m /h cubic metre per hour
mA Milliampere
MCB miniature circuit breaker
MCC motor control centre
MCMS Machine Condition Monitoring System
MCR maximum continuous rating
MCWP main cooling water pump
MDF main distribution frame
MDI methylene diphenyl disocyanate
MDPE medium density polyethylene
MFT master fuel trip
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3
mg/m milligram per cubic metre
3
mg/Nm milligram per normal cubic metre
MICC mineral insulated cables
MIG metal inert gas
Min Minute
MJ Megajoule
Mm Millimetre
2
mm millimetre squared
MOV motor operated valve
MSL minimum stable load
MV medium voltage
MVA megavolt-ampere
MVAr megavolt ampere reactive
MW megawatt
MWh megawatt-hour
MWth megawatt (thermal)
N2 nitrogen
NACE National Association of Corrosion Engineers
NaOH sodium hydroxide
NB nominal bore
NC noise criteria
NCR non-conformance report
NDT non-destructive testing
NEC National Electrical Code
NEMA National Electrical Manufacturers Association
NER neutral earth resistor
NFPA National Fire Protection Association
ng/J nanogram per joule
NH4OH ammonium hydroxide
Ni-Cd nickel-cadmium
Nm nanometre
NO2 nitrogen dioxide
NOx oxides of nitrogen
NPSH net positive suction head
NTP normal temperature and pressure
NWL normal water level
O&M operation and maintenance
O2 Oxygen
ODAF oil directed air forced
OFNR optical fibre non-conductive riser
OFWF oil forced water forced
ONAF oil natural air forced
ONAN oil natural air natural
OPC OLE (object linking and embedding) for process control
OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration
P&ID piping and instrumentation diagram
Pa Pascal
PABX private automatic branch exchange
PAC provisional acceptance certificate
PC personal computer
PDF portable document file
PED Pressure Equipment Directive
PF power factor
pH potential hydrogen
PIMS plant information management system
PLC programmable logic controller
PME Presidency of Meteorology and the Environment
Ppb parts per billion
Ppm parts per million
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Document Responsibility: Engineering and Design Division Volume - 1
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PPTB pounds per thousand barrels

PSA Pressure Swing Adsorption
PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
PTZ pan/tilt/zoom
Pu per unit
PVC polyvinyl chloride
PWM pulse width modulated
QCC Quality Control Certificate
QCR Quality Control Record
RAH regenerative air heater
Rms root-mean-square
RO reverse osmosis
Rpm revolution per minute
RSA rolled steel angle
RTD resistance temperature detector
RTR reinforced thermosetting resin
RTU remote terminal unit
SAC strong acid cation
SAH steam air heater
SASO Saudi Arabia Standards Organization
SAT site acceptance test (or saturation)
SBA strong basic anion
SCADA supervisory control and data acquisition
SCR selective catalytic reduction or silicon controlled rectifier
SDI silt density index
SDR standard dimensional ratio
SE steam end
SEC-WOA Saudi Electricity Company – Western Operating Area
SF6 sulphur hexafluoride (insulating gas)
SFC static frequency converter
SI International Systems of Units
SIL Safety Integrity Level
SLD single line diagram
SMACNA Sheet Metal and Air-conditioning Contractors National Associated
SNCR selective non catalytic reduction
SO2 sulphur dioxide
SOE sequence of events
SSD Safety and Security Directive
STG steam turbine generator
SUS saybolt universal seconds
swg or SWG standard wire gauge
SWRO seawater reverse osmosis
T Tonne
TDS total dissolved solids
T/G turbine generator
t/h tonne per hour
TDH total differential head
TDI toluene disocyanate
TEMA Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association
TFC thin film composite
TI temperature index
TIG tungsten inert gas
TIMS Tank Inventory Management System
TKN total kjeldahl nitrogen
TL thermal load
TMCR turbine maximum continuous rating
TOC total organic carbon
TP terminal points
TSI turbine supervisory instrumentation
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TSS total suspended solids

TSV turbine stop valve
UBC Uniform Building Code
UF ultrafiltration/ultrafilter
UHF ultra high frequency
UL Underwriters Laboratories
UPS uninterruptible power supply
UV ultra violet
V Volt
VA volt-ampere
VDU visual display unit
VGB Technische Vereinigung der Graskraftswerks Beteriber
(Technical Association of Large Power Plant Operators)
VOC volatile organic compounds
VSD variable speed drive
VT voltage transformer
VPI Vacuum pressure Impregnated
VWO valves wide open
WAN wide area network
Wb wet bulb
Wc water closet
WHO World Health Organization
WL wind load (or water level)
Wt Weight
WTI winding temperature indicator
WTP water treatment plant
XLPE cross-linked polyethylene
TEWAC Totally Enclosed Water to Air Cooled
TIAC Turbine Inlet Air Cooler

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Document Responsibility: Engineering and Design Division Volume - 1
Next Planned Update:- Based on new development & technology GEMSS-E-03,Rev.02
with the consent of designated division Neutral Equipment

1.0 GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The generator neutral grounding equipment shall be designed to

• Limit the ground fault current to minimize equipment damage.

• Reduce to an optimum level the transient over-voltages and energy dissipated in the
fault arc.
The generator neutral grounding system shall be of the high impedance type. The insulation class
shall be the same as that of the generator. The calculations for the rating of the Generator Neutral
Grounding Transformer shall be submitted.

The generator shall have a stator winding neutral earthing system comprising a low ohmic value
resistor connected to the secondary of a single-phase power transformer with the primary winding of
the transformer connected from the generator neutral point to earth.

The generator neutral connection shall be capable of withstanding the maximum asymmetrical peak
current under short circuit conditions and the maximum phase-to-earth voltage.

2.0 SCOPE

This section details the technical requirements for the design, construction and testing of neutral
equipment.

3.0 APPLICABLE CODES AND STANDARDS

The latest version of the following codes and standards shall be followed, unless stated
otherwise by this Specification:

International Electrotechnical Commission

IEC 60076-1, Power transformers – Part 1: General

IEC 60076-11, Power transformers – Part 11: Dry-type transformers
IEC 60071 Insulation Coordination Part 1 & 2
IEC 62271-102 High voltage Switchgear-Alternating current disconnectors and earthing switches
IEC 60044-1 Current transformers
IEC 61869-1 Instrument transformers
IEC 61869-3 Inductive voltage transformers
IEC 60255 Electrical relays

The Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers

IEEE Std 32 – Standard Requirements, Terminology and Test Procedure for Neutral Grounding
Devices

IEEE Std C62.92.2 – IEEE Guide for the Application of Neutral Grounding in Electrical Utility
Systems Part II-Grounding of Synchronous Generator Systems

IEEE Std. 143 Application Guide for Grounding of Synchronous Generator System

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IEEE Standard 142 Recommended Practice for Grounding of Industrial and Commercial Power
Systems (Green Book)

IEEE 32 – 1972 Standard Requirements, Terminology, and Test Procedure for Neutral Grounding
Devices

IEEE C37.101 – Generator Grounding Protection

Proposed recommendations and requirements stated in above referenced codes and
standards shall be followed, unless stated otherwise by this Specification.
In case of any conflict between the reference codes, or this Specification and codes, the more
stringent applies.

4.0 DESIGN CRITERIA AND SYSTEM DETAILS

The generator neutral earthing system shall be designed in accordance with the guidance
detailed in IEEE Std C62.92.2.

The generator neutral ear thing system shall be designed, constructed and installed such that
every reasonable safeguard and provision for the safety of all personnel concerned with the construction,
commissioning, operation and maintenance of the equipment and plant is incorporated.

All equipment shall be designed, constructed and installed to ensure satisfactory and safe
operation under all operating conditions including load and voltage variation, frequency variation, transients
from starts and stops, transients due to short circuits and other internal and external fault conditions.

The design, construction and installation of the plant shall be carried out under the consideration
of maximising the continuity of supply, availability of service and reliability.

The equipment shall be provided with suitable means for electrical disconnection, isolation and
earthing of connections to facilitate maintenance .

All equipment shall be of proven concept and design under commercial operation and shall be
manufactured by reputable and approved manufacturers to ensure high reliability.

Prototype or experimental equipment that has not been proven shall be excluded.

All equipment shall be designed to IEC and IEEE standards as appropriate.

5.0 MATERIALS

All equipment and components shall be new and designed and manufactured for the specific
purpose for which they shall be used within the plant.

The design, construction and installation of the plant and equipment shall be such as to minimise
the risk of the outbreak of fire and to minimise the potential and consequential injury to personnel and
damage to equipment.

Materials shall not support combustion and shall be fire retardant where possible.

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Document Responsibility: Engineering and Design Division Volume - 1
Next Planned Update:- Based on new development & technology GEMSS-E-03,Rev.02
with the consent of designated division Neutral Equipment

6.0 GENERAL TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

6.1 GENERATOR NEUTRAL GROUNDING CONNECTIONS

The generator neutral grounding connections shall comprise the copper bus and flexible
connections or suitable cable connection required to connect the generator neutral bus to
ground via the grounding transformer.

6.2 EARTHING TRANSFORMER

The grounding transformer shall be of the single phase, air cooled, dry type, having Minimum Class
F insulation or better with a temperature rise limited to 130 deg C based on a 50oC ambient or 55
oC in turbine hall. The single-phase grounding transformer shall be in accordance with the
requirements of IEC 60076-11. or IEEE C57.12.01
The grounding transformer shall be sized to be equal to the phase to ground capacitive kVA of the
generator windings, terminal connections, bus duct and associated transformer windings.
The transformer shall have a primary rated voltage based on the line to ground voltage of the
generator.
The grounding transformer shall be mounted in a separate compartment from the grounding resistor
and sufficient ventilation shall be provided to maintain the air temperature within established ambient
limits when measured near the transformer air outlets.

6.3 EARTHING RESISTOR

The generator shall have the stator windings neutral earthing system comprising a low ohmic value
resistor connected to the secondary of a single-phase power transformer with the primary winding of
the transformer connected from the generator neutral point to earth. The neutral equipment shall be
designed to limit the phase to ground fault current under 10 Amps. The low ohmic resistor shall be
metal grid type in accordance with IEEE 32-19720, and shall be mounted in separate compartment.
The secondary resistor shall have ratings and power dissipation based on the grounding transformer
ratings.

7.0 MISCELLANEOUS REQUIREMENTS

7.1 RELATED INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL

All necessary current transformers shall be provided and arranged such as to permit occasional
removal of individual units for testing and calibration, and shall be clearly marked to show their ratio,
purpose, rating and polarity.

7.2 FACTORY INSPECTION AND TESTING

The equipment provided is subject to inspection and tests by the Company during the course of
manufacture and on completion in order to ensure compliance with this Specification. For further details
refer to section GEMSS-G-03 Factory inspection and testing .

Routine and type tests and methods, taking account of applicable codes and standards, shall be
agreed with and approved by the Company.

Quality control and quality assurance refer to section GEMSS-G-05

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7.3 FIELD QUALITY AND CONTROL

The CONTRACTOR shall submit for approval a comprehensive quality control plan covering the
erection, testing and commissioning activities. This document shall identify the degree of inspection
and testing to be carried out by his personnel.

The site test or measurements shall ensures that all equipment and site works are carried out and
completed in compliance with the relevant specifications. For further details refer to section GEMSS-
G04 .

8.0 Technical Data Schedule

Technical Schedule and data sheets shall be completed and submitted along with the
proposal for Company/ Engineer review. (Please refer to Volume 2).

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