Risky Contact: Two primary types of risks will be discussed: children and young people as victims of

aggressive communication and as victims of sexually oriented communication. Low-, mid and high-
risk countries emerged based on the percentage of children who claimed to have (a) received
unwanted sexual comments online; (b) met online contacts offline; and/or (c) been bullied, harassed
or stalked online.
Inappropriate content: The review focuses on (a) pornographic, violent, and gruesome content; (b)
racist material; and (c) self-harm-related material.
Online juvenile delinquency: Hacking, Illegal downloading and copyright infringement, Happy
slapping, Digital bullying and harassment, Privacy violations, Plagiarism, Producing false
information and dangerous advice, Fraud, Production and distribution of pornography
cyberbullying, online pornography, sexual messaging (“sexting”) and meeting online contacts offline
(“stranger danger”) https://web-p-ebscohost com.libproxy1.nus.edu.sg/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?
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