Answers to assessment

activities
In the multiple choice questions the correct answer is shown in bold type.

Chapter 1

Activity 1 E3 – L1 c. employment regulations and rules.

d. employment rights and responsibilities.
1 In the hair and beauty sector there are:
8 All those working in a hair or beauty salon as senior
a. six industries. c. four industries.
stylists, therapists or technicians should be qualified at:
b. seven industries. d. three industries.
a. Level 3. c. Level 1.
2 If you are carrying out a facial hair trim, you are: b. Level 4. d. Level 2.
a. a nail technician. c. a barber.
9 Willingness to learn, client care and teamwork are all
b. a beauty therapist. d. a hairdresser.
examples of:
3 Thermal styling is most likely to be carried out in:
a. certificates.
a. a beauty therapy salon. b. learning programmes.
b. a salon that specializes in African type hair. c. employability skills.
c. a barber’s shop. d. qualifications.
d. a day spa in a country hotel.
10 Training to work in the hair and beauty industries:
4 If you are freelance barber you will:
a. takes a long time and you never stop learning.
a. cut the hair of women and girls. b. is quick and very easy.
b. work in a barber’s shop. c. can be completed in under 6 months.
c. cut African type hair. d. takes one year to complete the qualification.
d. travel around to visit your clients.
5 The music played in a beauty therapy salon is likely to
Activity 2 E1 – L1
be:
a. loud. c. modern. Cutting hair in 3D designs Nail technician
b. relaxing. d. traditional.
Relaxing hair Barber
6 Work-based learning is the term given to:
Indian head massage Hairdresser
a. college courses.
b. school programmes. Waxing Spa therapist
c. apprenticeships. Dressing long hair Beauty therapist
d. hairdressing.
Extending nails African type hairdresser
7 ERR stands for:

a. employment responsibilities and regulations.

b. employment rules and rights.

1
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ANSWERS TO ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES

Chapter 2

Activity 5 E3 – L1

Client Cost of service or treatment carried out Answer

Mrs Jones Has had a hair cut costing £20.00 and a colour costing £22.50. How £20.00 + £22.50 = £42.50
must does the client need to give you?

Miss Patel Has had her nails manicured costing £12.00 and a facial costing £12.00 + £40.50 = £52.50
£40.50. The client gives you three £20.00 pound notes. How much
£20.00 × 3 = £60.00
change will you give her?
£60.00 – £52.50 = £7.50

Change given = £7.50

Miss Wong Has had a manicure costing £18.00 and a pedicure costing £20.00. £18.00 + £20.00 = £38.00
How much will the bill be? A £3.00 tip is given for the therapist, how
£38.00 + £3.00 = £41.00
much money has the client spent all together?

Mr Carr Has been given a bill for £50.00. He has a 10% discount voucher. £50.00 – 10% = £45.00
How much money will he now need to pay?

Joe Buys a styling product for his hair. The original price is £8.00. The £8.00 – 25% = £6.00
product has a 25% discount. How much will Joe need to pay?

Mrs Pantel Has a facial costing £30.00 and a leg wax costing £8.50. The client £30.00 + £8.50 = £38.50
gives the receptionist £40.00. How much change will Mrs Pantel
£40.00 – £38.50 = £1.50
receive?
Change given £1.50

Chapter 3

Activity 1 – Suggested answers
Q1 Colour is not used for treatments in the spa industry –
is this question true or false?
False, colours can be used in spas to light
treatment rooms or water to create a feeling of
well-being.
Q2 Give one example of how colour can be used in the
hairdressing industry.
Colouring hair.
Q4 How many individual colours make up the colour
spectrum?
Seven.
Q5 State the reason why you can see that a nail polish
is red.
Because red is the only colour that is
reflected – all the other colours are absorbed.
Q6 State the three primary colours of pigment.
Red, yellow, blue.

Q3 Give one example of how colour can be used by a Q7 State the three primary colours of light.
nail technician. Red, green, blue.
By applying nail polish or creating nail art.
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ANSWERS TO ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES

Q8 Which colours would you mix to make green? l In your local environment.
Blue and yellow. l During the changing of the seasons.
Q9 State why you would use a mood board. l When listening to music.
To illustrate inspiration when preparing to
create an image. l When learning about different traditional cultures
and folklore.
Q10 Give two sources of inspiration for creating an image
l Something from another period of history.
l In movies.
l When you have travelled to other countries.
l In nature.

Activity 2

1 Colour is used in all the hair and beauty industries. T

2 Colouring hair makes it look dull. F

3 The tone of hair means how light or dark the hair is. F

4 An example of a warm tone used when colouring hair is copper. T

5 Before a make-up artist applies make-up they need to know what colour the client’s hair is. F

6 Melanin is only found in skin. F

7 Stronger colours can be used for day make-up as it is seen in natural light. F

8 Gold is an example of a cool tone that is used when colouring hair. F

9 A French manicure is used to make the nails look bright and bold. F

10 Spa treatment that use colours for improving well-being are known as chromotherapy. T

11 Red is an example of a warm tone that is used when colouring hair. T

12 Colour is a form of heat energy. T

13 The colour spectrum is made of six separate colours. F

14 If the skin is too red, the colour can be toned down by using a green-coloured foundation. T

15 To see the colours of a spectrum you can shine black light through a prism. F

16 The colours in the colour spectrum are never formed in the same order. F

17 Make-up applied for a daytime look should not look the same as make-up applied for an evening event. T

18 When creating nail art you can use spots and stripes. T

19 Ordinary electric light bulbs have more red and less blue colour than natural day light. T

20 When creating a mood board you can use torn out images from magazines. T

21 A room used for colouring hair in a salon will be painted in dark colours. F

22 Colour can be used to reduce stress. T

23 Harmonious colours are next to each other on the colour wheel. T

24 Yellow is a pure colour of pigment. T

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ANSWERS TO ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES

25 If you mix red and yellow you will make orange. T

26 Colours next to each other in the colour circle are known as complementary colours. F

27 Mixing blue and red will make green. F

28 The primary colours of light are red, yellow and blue. T

29 An example of a cool colour is blue. T

30 You can see all the colours of the spectrum on a colour wheel. T

31 If the end result of a colour on hair is too yellow, a green-coloured toner can be used. F

32 Complimentary colours are used to neutralize, or cancel out the opposite colour. T

33 A mood board will show others what has inspired you. T

34 To make a secondary colour you have to mix equal amounts of two primary colours. T

35 Hairdressers do not create images. F

36 You can be inspired to create an image by looking at your environment. T

Chapter 4

Activity 1 E3 and L1 5 What type of skin condition has an animal living on or in

our body?
1 The number of layers that make up the skin:
a. Viral condition.
a. 1 c. 5
b. 3 d. 7 b. Bacterial condition.
c. Parasitic condition.
2 The top layer of the skin is called:
d. Fungal condition.
a. Dermis. 6 What is the main purpose of a moisturizer?
b. Subcutaneous layer.
c. Cuticle. a. To clean the skin.
d. Epidermis. b. To prevent the skin taking in moisture.
c. To refresh the skin.
3 The number of bones in the skull:
d. To prevent the skin getting to dry.
a. 14 c. 22
7 In what order is a basic facial treatment carried out when
b. 18 d. 24
you are not using a facial scrub or mask?
4 How many main skin types are there?
a. Cleanse, tone and moisturize.
a. 3 c. 5 b. Tone, cleanse and moisturize.
b. 4 d. 6 c. Moisturize, tone and cleanse.
d. Cleanse, moisturize and tone.
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ANSWERS TO ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES

8 What is the main purpose of a foundation make-up a. Eyeliner
product? b. Eyebrow pencil
c. Eye shadow
a. To protect the skin.
d. Mascara
b. To give even skin colour.
c. To give warmth to the cheek area. 10 What is the main purpose of a blusher?
d. To define the face shape. a. To give colour to the eyes.
9 Which make-up product is used to define the edge of b. To highlight the brow bone.
the eye? c. To highlight the cheek bone.
d. To give colour to the jaw line.

Activity 2 E3 and L1

C E L A S

M B F E L

S T O M F

O A B C T

A C S N M

Letter Question Answer

C Which C describes looking after your skin? Care

M Which M describes the natural colour pigment of skin? Melanin

E Which E is the top layer of the skin? Epidermis

S Which S the third layer of the skin? Subcutaneous layer

E Which E describes a function of the skin? Excretion

S Which S is a natural oil found on the skin? Sebum

S Which S is the term used for the group of bones to the head and face? Skull

L Which L is the only bone that can move? Lower jaw

S Which S describes exactly similar items on each side or facing each other? Symmetrical

M Which M is long lasting and can heal itself? Muscle

O Which O is a skin type? Oily

C Which C is a skin type? Combination

B Which B is a type of skin condition? Bacterial

S Which S is a used to apply make-up? Sponge

C Which C is used to cleanse the skin? Cleanser

T Which T is used in a facial treatment? Toner

S Which S is used to remove dead skin cells? Scrub

A Which A is used in a cleanser? Astringent

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ANSWERS TO ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES

Letter Question Answer

E Which E enables us to see? Eyes

L Which L is used to colour the lips? Lipstick

A Which A is used in a toner? Antiseptic

T Which T is the name given to beauty services? Treatment

B Which B is used to give colour to the cheeks? Blusher

F Which F is used as a make-up base? Foundation

L Which L is used around the eyes? Liner

A Which A is used to describe a person that applies make-up? Artist

A Which A is a function of the skin? Absorption

F Which F describes the front part of the skull? Face

L Which L describes the different levels of the skin? Layer

C Which C is another name for the bones of the head? Cranium

M Which M is the name given to face products? Make-up

C Which C is used to find out what treatment your client wants done? Consultation

F Which F is the term used for a skin care treatment? Facial

N Which N is a skin type? Normal

N Which N is used to describe a soft day make-up look? Natural

Chapter 5

Activity 1 E3 – L1 Use disposable make-up applicators.

1 In a storage box that is light, tough and easy to carry. Wear gloves if you have to work on a model who has
contra-indications.
2 Bridal, wedding guests, bridesmaids, special occasions,
catwalk, fashion show, makeovers. Use freshly laundered towels and gowns.

3 A brief is a description of the photographic project you
will be working on and an outline of the work you are
required to complete.
4 Examples could include:
Beware of loose cables on the floor.
Sterilize tools and equipment before use.
Have your model sitting at a height that will not cause
back strain or injury for you.
Tie back your hair.
Ensure electrical equipment is safe to use.
5 To ensure that the model is completed at the correct
time and that others are not kept waiting.

Do not ‘double dip’.

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ANSWERS TO ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES

Activity 2 E3 – L1

1 Cleanse, tone and moisturize

2 Apply foundation

3 Use concealer

4 Apply cream blusher

5 Apply powder

6 Colour the eyebrows

7 Apply eyeshadow

8 Apply mascara

9 Apply lip colour

10 Confirm the client is happy with the finished result

Activity 3 E3 – L1

Brush Purpose of use Brush Purpose of use

Concealer brush To apply concealer to dark circles Powder brush For applying and removing excess
around the eye or to spots or powder.
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blemishes.

Foundation For the application of liquid and Highlighting, For the application of blusher and
brush cream foundations. contour or for highlighting and contouring.
blusher brush
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ANSWERS TO ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES

Brush Purpose of use Brush Purpose of use

Eyeshadow For applying and blending colours to Angled eyebrow Used for the application of eyebrow
brushes the eyelids. brush and products to ensure an evenly
eyebrow brush/ coloured and neatly groomed
comb eyebrow line.
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Eyeliner brushes
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For the precise application of
eyeliner to the upper and lower lids.
Lip brush For the application of lipstick and for

blending lip liner.

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Chapter 6

Activity 1 E3 and L1 Activity 2 E3 and L1

Complete the following text by adding the correct word/s
Free edge
from the table into the missing spaces:
Nail plate
chewing feet hands painted red
Nail bed
condition gardener nails physical uncared

People say they can tell a lot about a person by their hands
Matrix and feet. Some people’s hands may look like they do a lot of
physical work such as a builder or gardener because their
hands look dry, rough and uncared for. Other people may
be nervous and take it out on their hands and feet by
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ANSWERS TO ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES

picking at them making them red and sore, or chewing their
L Which L is part of the matrix that Lunula
fingernails.
we can see?
Looking at the condition of a person’s hands and feet does
F Which F extends past the nail Free edge
not give you the full story of someone’s life, but it’s a start.
bed?
You don’t always need to have long painted fingernails to
look good, but you do need to have nails that suit your life- C Which C seals the space Cuticle
style and provide a positive image about you. between the nail plate and living
skin?

T Which T is used to describe a Technician

Activity 3 E3 and L1
person who works with nails?
Blockbuster R Which R is used to describe a Round
Work with a partner or split into two teams. Choose a letter nail shape?
and answer the question. When you have answered the S Which S is a nail shape best Square
question correctly, mark off the square. See who can cor- suited for people who do a lot of
rectly answer the questions to complete a straight or diago- work with their hands?
nal line across the grid. You can block the way of your
O Which O is used to describe a Oval
partner or other team to stop them winning!
nail shape?

M N T H S S Which S is a nail shape that is a Squoval

mixture of square and oval?
P B R C B
H Which H do nails grow faster Hands
K L S I E
on?
B F O V P
C Which C is the name of the Consultation
P C S R T process you carry out before a
service?

I Which I do you find out as part of Information

M Which M is a service carried out Manicure a consultation?
on the hands?
V Which V is a viral condition found Verruca
P Which P is a service carried out Pedicure on the foot?
on the feet?
R Which R is a fungal condition Ringworm
K Which K is a protein that nails Keratin found on the nail plate?
are made from?
S Which S is a parasitic condition Scabies
B Which B is one of the three main Bed that leaves greyish lines and
parts that make up the nail? reddish spots on the skin?

M Which M is one of the three main Martix B Which B is a type of skin Bacterial
parts that make up the nail? condition?

P Which P is one of the main three Plate E Which E is a type of massage Effleurage
parts that make up the nail? movement?

N Which N enables use to feel Nerves P Which P is a type of massage Petrissage

pain? movement?

B Which B gives the nail plate a Blood T Which T is a type of massage Tapotement
pinkish appearance? movement?
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ANSWERS TO ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES

Activity 4 E3 and L1
Link the boxes on the left with the appropriate boxes on the right. You may use different coloured markers to show
your connections.
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ANSWERS TO ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES

Chapter 7

Activity 1 E3 – L1 10 A massage only used for shampooing is:

1 Hair is made from a: a. Petrissage. c. Effleurage.

b. Rotary. d. Gentle.
a. Protein. c. Mineral.
b. Vitamin. d. Fat.
Activity 2 E1 – L1
2 The number of layers that can be found in hair is:
a. 1 c. 5
b. 3 d. 7 1 Analyse the hair to determine which shampoo to
use.
3 The outside layer of the hair is called the:
2 Gown the client.
a. Medulla. c. Keratin.
b. Cortex. d. Cuticle. 3 Place a waterproof cape around the shoulders
of the client.
4 The tubelike structure that holds the hair is place is
called the: 4 Place a towel around the shoulders of the client.

a. Follicle. 5 Put on protective gloves.

b. Arrector pili muscle.
6 Check the temperature of the water.
c. Papilla.
d. Sebaceous gland. 7 Wet the hair.

5 Hair type means: 8 Shampoo the hair.

a. How weak or strong the hair is. 9 Rinse the hair.
b. How dry or oily the hair is.
10 Wrap the hair in a towel.
c. How curly or straight the hair is.
d. How coarse or fine the hair is.
6 A widow’s peak is found at:
Activity 3 E3 – L1
a. Side of the head. c. Nape.
b. Front hairline. d. Crown.
C Which C is the inner layer of hair? Cortex
7 A comb used for removing tangles in hair should:
W Which W is a hair growth pattern Whorl
a. Have wide teeth.
found at the nape of the neck?
b. Have narrow teeth.
c. Be made from plastic. A Which A is the type of hair that is African
d. Be made from metal. very curly?

8 When combing tangles from hair: M Which M is the section of hair that Medulla
is sometimes missing?
a. Start at the front.
b. Start at the roots. P Which P is the place where the Papilla
c. Start at the back. new hair cells are produced?
d. Start at the ends.
T Which T is the name that tells you Type
9 When shampooing your client’s hair you must wear: how curly or straight your hair is?
a. A uniform. c. A gown. D Which D tells you how many hairs Density
b. Protective gloves. d. Flat shoes.
you have on your head?
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ANSWERS TO ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES

E Which E is also known as European P What is the P that you have to be Prepared
Caucasian hair? when shampooing the hair of a
client?
F Which F is a hair texture? Fine
G Which G will protect your hands Gloves
S Which S is the name for the Sebum
during shampooing and
natural oil of the hair and skin?
conditioning services?
O Which O is a name given to the Oily
D Which D is the name of a condition Dermatitis
condition of hair?
that can affect the skin of hands?
T Which T is a face shape? Triangular
T What T is wrapped around the Towel
C Which C is a tool that you use for Comb client’s head when you have
hair care? completed the shampoo?
W Which W is the type of teeth that Wide S Which S can be used to open the Steamer
you use when removing tangles cuticle of the hair during
from hair? conditioning treatments?
A Which A is a comb that can be Afro Pick R Which R is the name of a Rotary
used on very tightly curled hair? shampoo massage?
R Which R is a brush used during Radial P Which P is the name of a Petrissage
blow drying? conditioning massage?
S Which S is the name of the clips Sectioning E What is the E that you can use for Effleurage
that keeps the hair neat during both shampooing and
blow drying? conditioning massages?

Chapter 8

Activity 1 E1 – L1

Blow dry using a radial brush Set on heated rollers

Dry using a diffuser Curl using tongs

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ANSWERS TO ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES

Finger dry S Which S describes hair that is Straight
not curly?

T Which T is the type of change to Temporary

the hair structure during hair
styling?

F What are the Fs that you must Factors

Plait consider before styling hair?

C Which C is an example of hair Coarse

texture?

W Which W is an example of a hair Wavy

type?

A Which A is an example of hair Abundant

Blow dry and straighten density?

O Which O is an example of a facial Oval

shape?

C What C is the name of the Consultation

process you carry out before
Scalp plait you style your client’s hair?

R Which R is an example of a facial Rectangular

shape?

F Which F is an example of hair Fine

texture?
Crimp
P Which P is the place on hair Points
when you begin to de-tangle?

B What are the Bs that you find on Bristles

a hair brush?
Blow dry using a flat back
brush P Which P is a type of hair brush? Paddle

T Which T is a type of comb? Tail

R What is the R that is a brush that Radial

can be used to curl hair?

D Which D is an attachment used Diffuser

to dry hair without disturbing the
Activity 2 E3 – L1
natural curl?

B Which Bs are broken when heat Bonds T Which T is used to store all your Trolley
or water is used to style hair? tools and equipment?

E Which E is the property of hair Elasticity C Which Cs are used to create Crimpers
that makes it able to stretch and tight wavy movements in
return to its normal position? hair?
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ANSWERS TO ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES
P What P is the name of the
technique for weaving three
strands of hair?
G What is the G that is used to
protect the client’s clothes
during hairstyling service?
W What W is the name of a
technique used to straighten
hair?
S What S is the electrical
equipment that can be used to
remove curl from hair?
T What T is the electrical
equipment that can be used to
curl hair?
Chapter 9
Activity 1 L1
1 Answer:
l A hazard is something with the potential to cause
someone harm.
l A risk is the likelihood of someone being harmed by
the hazard.
2 Answers could include:
l Wet/slippery floor.
l Hair cutting left on the floor.
l Trailing wires/flexes.
l No light (light bulb broken in a room/stairway).
Plaiting
Activity 3 E1 – L1
When you style your hair you are making a temporary
change in the structure of the hair. Because of this, your
Gown hairstyle does not last for ever. The reason you can
change the structure of your hair is because of some special
bonds in the cortex of the hair.
Wrapping They are special because they hold all the hair cells together
in its natural position. So if your hair is naturally curly, the
bonds hold your hair in a curly position. If your hair is
straight, the bonds will hold your hair in a naturally straight
Straighteners position.
Tongs
l
Electrical equipment left on.
l Boxes left in a doorway.
3 Answer:
l Personal protective equipment.
4 Answer could include:
l Gloves.
l Aprons.
l Mask.
l Protective glasses.
5 Answer:
l Professionally qualified electrician.
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ANSWERS TO ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES

Activity 2 E3 and L1

TYPE OF FOOD FOOD GROUP

Fibre, vitamins, mineral salts

Proteins, saturated fat, vitamins, mineral salts

Proteins, saturated fat, vitamins, mineral salts

Proteins, saturated fat

 16
ANSWERS TO ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES

Carbohydrates, fibre

Trans fats

Mineral salts, fibre, vitamins

Carbohydrates, fibre

Vitamins, proteins, mineral salts
Activity 3 E3 and L1
Becoming a professional stylist, therapist or technician is all
about looking after your clients and the treatments and ser-
vices you will be carrying out. It can be very hard work that is
both physically and mentally demanding:
l Physically, you are on your feet all day, holding and
moving equipment and stretching and using different
parts of your body to carry out some of the treatments or
services.
l Mentally, you listen to, talk, advise and make decisions
with and for your clients.
Being prepared for work in a salon is about how you act, the
choices and decisions you make and about how you live
your life, the food you eat and how you look after your
health. This will all affect how well you carry out your job.
You need to be fit and healthy to meet the demands of the
job.
Eating a balanced diet and regular exercise is very impor-
tant to healthy living.
Getting enough sleep during the week when you are work-
ing will enable you to work more effectively
Understanding how drinking alcohol or using drugs will
have an effect on your body and how they can affect your
behaviour is very important, particularly when you are work-
ing with people all day at work.
17
ANSWERS TO ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES
This does not mean that you cannot enjoy yourself. It is
about making sure that you can give your best at work and
have energy to enjoy yourself outside work. It is about get-
ting the right work–life balance.
Your overall health is reflected in your skin. If you feel under
the weather or have been ill for some time, then your skin will
suffer. The skin needs to have a good blood supply bringing
oxygen and nutrients to every cell. Anything that disrupts
this process will have an effect on the health and appear-
ance of your skin.
It is therefore important that you eat healthily, drink lots of
water and get regular exercise.
Fresh air is also very good for you and your skin.
A balanced diet containing vitamins such as vitamin C will
help improve skin healing and vitamin E will help improve the
skin’s condition.
Some people feel that the face can reflect problems else-
where in the body, for example:
l A breakout of spots on your chin could be linked to
constipation.
l Spots under your jaw at either side of your face could be
linked to a hormonal imbalance.