Advanced Level PHYSICS The law of conservation of linear momentum

f¾Çh .uH;d ixiÓ

a ;l
s kh
s uh
The Law of Conservation of Linear Motion

CONTENTS PAGE NO

f¾Çh .uH;d ixiÓ

a ;l
s kh
s uh 02
.egqï yd jdx.= ùï 04
wdfõ.h 08
p,kh jk moaO;shlg tl;= ùu yd ksoyia ùu 19
msmsÍï i`oyd .uH;d ixiaÓ;sfha fh§ï 10
moaO;shla ;=< p,kh ùu 12
m<
s ;
s r
= e 14
mdßNdI;
s jpk 14

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

1
Advanced Level PHYSICS The law of conservation of linear momentum

06. ñksiqka fofofkla >¾Ikh rys; whsia ;Ügqjla u;

f¾Çh .uH;d ixiaÓ;s kshuh' isáñka tlsfkld ;,a¨ lr .kS' A ys ialkaOh 120 kg yd
B ys ialkaOh 80 kg fõ' A 2ms-1 m%fõ.hlska jï ÈYdjg
Bronze Wings .uka lrhs kï Tjqkaf.a ialkaO flakaøfha m%fõ.h
jkafka"
01. .uH;djfha tall yd udk ksjerÈj olajd we;s jrKh
jkafka" (1) jug 0.5ms-1
^1& kgms-2, MLT-2 ^2& kgms-1, MLT-1 (2) ol=Kg 0.5ms-1
^3& kgms-2, MLT-1 ^4& kgm-1s-2, MLT-2 (3) ol=Kg 3ms-1
^5& kgm-2s-2, MLT-1 (4) ol=Kg 1ms-1
(5) 0ms-1
02. wdfõ.h yd .uH;d ixiÓ
a ;l
s kh
s uh iïnkO
a ml
% dY
w;f
= rka i;H ml
% dYh jkf
a k"a rpkd wNHdi
^1& wdfõ.h Yk = Hhla ùu f¾Åh .uH;d ixiÓ a ;l s kh s uh -1
fhÈug w;HjYH idOlhla fkdfõ' 07. ^a& 2kg jia;=jla 12 ms taldldr m%fõ.fhka .uka
^2& f¾Çh .uH;d ixiÓ a ;l s kh s u ;r s ia p,;
s hkg a fh§fï§
lrhs kï" tys .uH;djh jkqfha" (24kgms-1).
jj
q o ji; a f = õ nr ie,lu S w;HjYH fõ' ^b& ialkaOh 0.9 kg jk jia;=jl m%fõ.h 8 ms-1 isg
^3& ji;a = moO a ;h s lg f¾Åh .uH;d ixiÓ a ;l s kh s uh 12ms-1 olajd jeä jQfha kï" f.da,fha .uH;d
fh§fï§ u¿ q moO a ;h s gu wNHk; a r n, ie,lu S wjYH fjki jkafka, (3.6kgms-1).
fkdfõ'
^c& fnda,hla ;;amrhloS m%fõ.h 3 ms-1isg 6 ms-1 olajd
^4& f¾Çh .uH;d ixiÓ a ;l s kh s uh fhÈh yelf a la hdk; a l
s% jeäfõ' tys§ isÿjk .uH;d fjkiaùu fldmuK o@
Yl; a s ydkh s Yk = Hhla jk moO a ;h
s lg muK's
fnda,fha ialkaOh 0.4kg hehs i,lkak' (1.2kgms-1)
^5& by; li s js la fkdfõ.
^d& fnda,hla m%fõ.h 20 ms-1isg 40 ms-1 olajd ;;amr
folla ;=, § jeä lr .kS' fnda,fha ialkaOh 2kg
03. p,s; jk jia;=jla u; ld,h iuÕ fjkia jk n,hla
l%shd lrhs' ld,h iuÕ n,h fjkiajk wdldrh kï .uH;djh fjkia ùfï iS>%;djh fidhkak.
ksrEmKh lrk m%ia;drh" hï ld, m%dka;rhla ;=< ld, (20kgms-2)
wlaIh iuÕ idok j¾.M,h uÕska ,nd fokafka tu ld, ^e& tu fnda,h u; we;sjk ndysr n,h fldmuKo@
mßÉfÊoh ;=< § jia;=fõ"

^1& ;ajrKhhs' ^2& idudkH m%fõ.hhs' 08. my; olajd we;af;a fi,a,ï ldrhls' tys we;=,;
^3& úia:dmkhhs' ^4& idudkH .uH;djhhs' iïmSvkh lr we;s CO2 jdhqj mj;sk w;rmiqmi l=vd
újrh újr l< úg jdhqj miqmig úÈhs' tys§ fi,a,ï
^5& .uH;d mßj¾;khhs' ldrh bÈßhg p,s; jk whqre .uH;d ixiaÓl kshuh
weiqßka myokak'
Silver Wings
04. ialkaOh m jQ wxY=jla V m%fõ.fhka .uka fldg 60° l
fldaKhlska mDIaGhla iu`. .eà tu fldaKfhkau
mrdj¾;kh jQfha kï" wxY=fõ uq¿ .uH;d fjki jkafka"

^1& mV
^2& √2 mV
^3& 3√2 mV v 60
0

^4& 4√3 mV
^5& 5√2 mV

05. iajdñhd yd ìß`o tlsfklg uqyqK,d Tjqfkdjqka w;r
w,a,d f.k we;s ieye,a¨ ;ka;=jla fomig w§¡ Tjqka
fofokd uqK .eiSug fldmuK ÿrla p,kh úh hq;=o@
iajdñhdf.a yd ìß`of.a nr ms<sfj,ska 60 kg yd 40 kg fõ¡
wdrïNl fjka ùu 5m fõ¡
^1& 3m la ìß`o o 2m iajdñhdo p,kh úh hq;=h.
^2& by; ish,a, wi;H fõ.
^3& fookdu 2.5m ne.ska p,kh úh hq;=h.
^4& ìß`o p,kh fkdjk w;r iajdñhd 5m p,kh úh
hq;=h.
^5& 2m la ìß`o o 3m iajdñhdo p,kh úh hq;=h.
09. ^i& bf,la f g% d a k hl ia l ka O h 9.975 × 10
-31
kg yd
bf,lafg%dakhl m%fõ.h 0.25 C kï bf,lafg%dakfha
.uH;djh fidhkak' ^C = 3 × 108ms-1&
^7.48 × 10-23kgms-1&
^ii& 30 ms-1 fõ.fhka .uka lrk 20 kg jia;=jl fõ.h
10 ms-1 olajd wvq lsÍug fhÈh hq;= n,h .Kkh
lrkak' n,h 4s l ld,hla ;=< fhdohs' ^100N&

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

2
Advanced Level PHYSICS The law of conservation of linear momentum

miq.sh úNd. nyqjrK wNHdi 15. ialkaOh 5 kg jQ jia;=jla u; l%shdlrk F n,h ld,h ^t&
iu`. úp,kh jk whqre m%ia;drfha ±lafõ' jia;=j u.ska
10. υ m%fõ.hlska .uka lrk ialkaOh m jQ jdhq wKqjla 60° ,nd .kakd ,o .uH;dj jkqfha"
l m;k fldaKhlska hq;=j mDIaGhla iu`. .eà iudk
fldaKhlska mrdj¾;kh fõ' jdhq wkqfõ iïmQ¾K ^1& 350 N s F(N)
.uH;d fjkiaùu" ^2& 80 N s 10
^1& mυ/2 fõ' ^2& √3mυ/2 fõ' ^3& mυ fõ' ^3& 70 N s
^4& √3mυ fõ' ^5& 2mυ fõ' ^4& 40 N s t(s)
0 2 4 6 8 10
(1985-07) ^5& 0Ns
(1998-14)
11. m1 iy m2 ialkaO folla ms<sfj,ska F1 yd F2 n, foll
l%shdldß;aj hgf;a ksYap,;djfha isg .uka wrUd iudk 16. ialkaO ms<sfj<ska m1 yd m2(m2>m1) jQ P yd Q l=Üá folla
ÿrl § iudk .uH;d ,nd .kS' F1/F2 wkqmd;h jkqfha" iqug ;sria fïihla u; ;nd we;' iïmSvkh lrk ,o
ieye,a¨ C ÿkakl fofl<jrg" fuu l=Üá fol iïnkaO
^1& m12 /m22 ^2& m2/m1 ^3& m22 /m12 lr we;s w;r tajd S kï jQ ;ka;=jla u.ska rEmfha olajd
we;s mßÈ ksi, j r|jd ;ndf.k we;'
^4& m1/m2 ^5& 1
(1988-59) C
P Q
12. ialkaOh m jQ wxY=jla v fõ.fhka .uka fldg 45° l
s
fldaKhlska mDIaGhla iu`. .eà tu fldaKfhka u iy
tu fõ.fhka u mrdj¾;kh jkqfha rEmfha fmkajd we;s
mßÈh' wxY=fõ uq¿ .uH;d fjkiaùu jkqfha" ;ka;=j lemQ úg"

^1& 0 (A) tla tla l=Üáfha .uH;dj ;jÿrg;a Y+kHj mj;S'

(B) moaO;sfha iuia: .uH;dj Ok w.hls'
^2& √2 mv
(C) ÿkak u.ska l=Üá u; fhdok n, iudk fõ'
^3& 2√2 mv
45°
^4& 2 mv by; m%ldY w;=ßka"
^5& mv
^1& ^A& muKla i;H fõ'
(1990-38)
^2& ^B& muKla i;H fõ'
13. ialkaOh 5 kg jk jia;=jla" m%ia;drfha fmkajd we;s whqre
ld,h t, iu`. úp,kh jk iïm%hqla; F n,hlg hg;a ^3& ^A& yd ^B& muKla i;H fõ'
fõ' 10 s ;=< § jia;=j wh;a lr .kakd .uH;dj jkqfha" ^4& ^C& muKla i;H fõ'
^5& lsisjla fkdfõ'
F(N)
(1999-46)
5
17. iqug fïihla u; we;s m iy 4m ialkaO fol rEmfha
fmkajd we;s mrsos ÿkaklg tfrysj iïmSvkh lr ;nd
we;' ialkaO fol ksoyia l< úg tajdfha fõ. VA iy VB
0 2 4 6 8 10 t (s) w;r iïnkaOh jkqfha"
A B
C
^1& 0 ^2& 5 N s ^3& 40 N s
m 4m
^4& 50 Ns ^5& 60 N s
(1994)
^1& VA= VB ^2& V A= 2VB ^3& VA = 4VB
14. fmkajd we;s rEm igyfkys S hkq ialkaO fol w;r ;nd
we;s iïmSä; ieye,a¨ ÿkakla jk w;r T ;ka;=j u`.ska ^4& 2VA = VB ^5& 4VA= VB (2002-13)
ialkaO fol tlg w,a,d ;nd we;' ;ka;=j lemQ úg 1 kg
18. iqug ;sria fïihla u; we;s jia;=jla u; 10 N l ;sria
ialkaOh 20 ms-1 m%fõ.fhka bj;g .uka lrkafka kï
10 kg ialkaOh .uka lrkq ,nkafka" n,hla 10 ms ld,dka;rhla ;=< fhdokq ,efí' SI tall
j,ska jia;=fjys .uH;d fjkiaùu jkqfha"
s
10 kg 1 kg ^1& 10-3 ^2& 0.1 ^3& 1.0
^4& 102 ^5& 103
T (2004-09)
^1& 20 ms-1 m%fõ.hlsks'
^2& 10 ms-1 m%fõ.hlsks'
^3& 2 ms-1 m%fõ.hlsks'
^4& 20/11 ms-1 m%fõ.hlsks'
^5& 1 ms-1 m%fõ.hlsks'
(1996-23)

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

3
Advanced Level PHYSICS The law of conservation of linear momentum

19. ;sria whsia mDIaGhla u; isgf.k isák A yd B keue;s ^a& A uÕska B u; we;s lrkq ,nk wdfõ.fha úYd,;ajh"
msßñ <uqka fofofkla tlsfkld ;,a¨lr .ekSu u`.ska B uÕska A u; we;s lrkq ,nk wdfõ.fha úYd,;ajhg
bj;g .uka lr;s' A f.a nr B f.a nr fuka fo.=Khls' A iudk fõ'
<uhd 4 m ÿrla .uka lr we;s úg B .uka l< ÿr jkqfha" ^b& .egqu mQ¾K m%;Hdia: úg muKla A ys .uH;d
mßj¾;kh" B ys .uH;d mßj¾;khg iudk fõ'
^1& 0
^c& .egqfï§ jia;= fofla pd,l Yla;sh ydks fkdjkafka
^2& 2m A kï muKla .egqu mQ¾K m%;Hia: fõ'
B
^3& 4m
^4& 8m ñka ksjerÈ jkafka"
^5& 12 m
^1& a muKs' ^2& b muKs' ^3& c muKs'
(2006-22) ^4& a yd b muKs' ^5& a yd c muKs'
20. moaO;shla u; ndysr n, l%shd fkdlrhs kï ´kEu 24. ialkaOh 2 kg jk *qÜ fnda,hla yd ialkaOh 8 kg jk
wdldrfha .egqula i|yd my; i|yka l=ula ixiaÓ;sl fõ f,day f.da,hla tlsfkl uqyqK,d ms<sfj,ska 10 ms-1 yd 3
o@ ms-1 fõ.fhka meñK .eàfuka miq *qÜ fnda,h wdrïNfha
^1& uq¿ pd,l Yla;sh' ^2& uq¿ úNj Yla;sh' p,s; jQ ÈYdjg úreoaO ÈYdjg 2 ms-1 fõ.fhka p,s; fõ'
.eàfuka miq f,day fnda,fha fõ.h jkafka"
^3& uq¿ hdka;%sl Yla;sh' ^4& uq¿ fldaKsl m%fõ.h'
^5& uq¿ f¾Çh .uH;djh' ^1& 10 ms-1 ^2& 3 ms-1 ^3& 5 ms-1
(2021) ^4& 0 ms-1 ^5& 4 ms-1
.egqï yd jdx.= ùï' 25. yrialv j¾.M,h A jQ mhsmamhla ;=,ska 3V ;sria
m%fõ.fhka taldldr c, myrla uqod yßkq ,nk w;r th
Bronze Wings 3V m%fõ.fhkau isria ì;a;shla u; .efÜ' V m%fõ.fhka
21. .egqï ms<sn|j i;H jkqfha" ish¨u c,h ì;a;shg ,ïNlj fmd,d mkS kï" yd c,fha
>k;ajh d kï" ì;a;sh u; fhfok n,h jkafka"
^a& fjk;a wiu;=,s; ndysr n, l%shd;aul fkdfõ kï
´kEu .egqulg f¾Çh .uH;d ixiaÓ;s kshuh fhÈh ^1& 4 dV2 ^2& 2 A2dV3 ^3& 4 AdV3
yel' ^4& 4 AdV2 ^5& 12 AdV2
^b& m%;Hia: .egqï i|yd hdka;%sl Yla;s ixiaÓ;sl kshuh
fhÈh fkdyel' Silver Wings
^c& wm%;Hia; .egqul § Yla;sh mQ¾K jYfhka fyda w¾O
jYfhka ydks úh yel' 26. ialkaOh 5kg jQ ;=jlal=jlska 20g l ialkaOhla we;s
WKavhla 250ms-1 l m%fõ.fhka msg lrhs¡;=jlal=j jdx.=
^1& a muKs' ^2& b muKs' ^3& a, b muKs' ùfï m%fõ.h jkafka
^4& a, c muKs' ^5& ish,a,u'
^1& 0.1 ms-1 ^2& 0.5 ms-1 ^3& 10ms-1
22. wm%;Hia: .egqï ms,sn|j my; m%ldY w;=frka wi;H ^4& 1000 ms-1 ^5& 1ms-1
j.ka;s jkqfha"
27. my; rEmfha olajd we;af;a jia;= folla tlsfkl .eà th
^1& tajdg hdka;%sl Yla;s ixiaÓ;sl kshuh fhÈh yel' ixhqla; jk wjia:djls'
^2& .egqfï § wdf,dalh ;dmh jeks fjk;a Yla;s njg
hdka;%sl Yla;sh m;afõ'
^3& ueá fnda,hla ì;a;sfha je§ ksYap, ùu mQ¾K wm%;Hia:
.egquls'
wjidk ixhqla;fha m%fõ.h ksjerÈj ,ndfok jrKh
^4& mQ¾K wm%;Hia: .egqul§ mDIaG fol w;r idfmalaI f;darkak'
m%fõ.hla fkdmj;S'
^5& wm%;Hdia: .egqï j, uq¿ Yla;sh ixiaÓ;sl fõ' ^1& 8 ms-1 ^2& 0 ms-1 ^3& 3 ms-1
^4& 5 ms-1 ^5& 3.5 ms-1
23. jia;= folla rEmfha olajd we;s wdldrhg tlsfkl iuÕ
uqyqK,d .efÜ' my; i|yka lreKq i,ld n,kak' 28. iDcq ud¾.hl tlsfklg uqyqK,d m%;súreoaO ÈYd j,g
p,s; jk x yd y kï fg%d,s foll .eàug fudfyd;lg
fmr .uH;d ms<sfj,ska 45 Ns yd 8 Ns fõ' .egqfuka miq
A B
tla tla fg%d,sh tajdfha uq,a ÈYd j,g m%;súreoaO ÈYd j,g
.uka lrhs' .egqfuka fudfyd;lg miq x ys .uH;dfõ
w.h 3 Ns kï túg y ys .uH;dfõ w.h jkqfha"

^1& 34 Ns ^2& 8 Ns ^3& 37 Ns

^4& 40 Ns ^5& 14 Ns

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

4
Advanced Level PHYSICS The law of conservation of linear momentum

29. ialkaOhka 5 kg ne.ska jk AydB kï jia;= 2 la tlsfkld ^1& p = 250 kgms-1 iy v = 25 ms-1
-1
foig 5ms m%fõ.fhka p,kh fõ' AydB j, ialkaOhka ^2& p = 0 kgms-1 iy v = 50 ms-1
tl iudk kï o" jia;= tlsfkl yd .efgk úg yd
.egqfuka miq moaO;sfha .uH;djh ld,h iu`. fjkia ^3& p = 250 kgms- iy v = 50 ms-1
jk whqre jkqfha, ^4& p = 0 kgms- iy v = 25 ms-1
^5& p = 250 kgms-1 iy v = 50 ms-1
.uH;djh/
kgms-1 kgms-1
rpkd wNHdi
25 50 33. ^i& f¾Çh .uH;d ixiaÓ;s uQ,O¾uh m%ldY lrkak'
^ii& jia;= folla w;r isÿjk mQ¾K m%;Hdia: .egqula
^1& t
^2& t hkqfjka l=ula woyia flf¾o@
^iii& m%;Hdia: .egqï i`oyd WodyrK lsysmhla fokak'
kgms-1 kgms-1 ^iv& wm%;Hdia: .egqul§ moaO;sfha wvqjk pd,l Yla;sh
mßj¾;kh jk fjk;a Yla;s úfYaI lsysmhla kï
lrkak'
50
^v& mQ¾K wm%;Hdia: .egqulg WodyrK lsysmhla fokak'
^3& 0 t ^4& t
34. ;=jlal= ialkaOh ^Wkav rys;& M jk w;r Wkavfha
kgms -1
ialkaOh m fõ' ;=jlal=fjka V m%fõ.hlska Wkavhla
úoafoa kï ;=jlal=j msgqmig jdx.= jk m%fõ.h fldmuK
o@
25
-1
35. 16 cms m%fõ.fhka p,kh jk ialkaOh 10 g jk
^5& t jia;=jla thg bÈßfhka tu ÈYdjgu 10 cms-1 m%fõ.fhka
.uka lrk ialkaOh 10 g jk jia;=jla f,i p,kh fõ
Gold Wings kï ixhqla; jia;=fõ p,s; m%fõ.h fidhkak' by;
i|yka jia;= fol .egqug fmr tlsfklg m%;súreoaO ÈYd
30. m%;Hdia: f¾Çh .egqï ms<sn`oj my; m%ldY i<ld n,kak' j,g p,kh jQfha kï .egqñka miq ixhqla; jia;=fõ p,s;
m%fõ.h .Kkh lrkak' ^12 cms-1, 1.33cms-1 &
^a& ialkaO i¾jiu kï m%fõ. yqjudre fõ'
-1
^b& b;d úYd, ksYap, ialkaOhl l=vd ialkaOhla f.dia 36. m1 = 4 kg ialkaOh ol=Kg 4 ms m%fõ.fhkao m2 = 5 kg
jÈkafka kï l=vd ialkaOh tu jÈk fõ.fhkau ia l ka O h kef.kys r g 5 ms -1 m% f õ.fhka o f.dia
fmd,d mkS' .eàfuka miq m1 ialkaOh 4 ms-1 m%fõ.fhka ol=Kq 0
^c& b;d úYd, ialkaOhla V fõ.fhka f.dia ksi,j ÈYdfõ isg 30°
mj;sk l=vd ialkaOhl .egqfka kï úYd, ialkaOh V
fjkia fkdù yd l=vd ialkaOh b;d by< fõ.hlska ^i& .eàfuka miq m2 ialkaOfha m%fõ.h fidhkak'
p,s; fõ'
^ii& fuu .eàu m%;Hdia: fõo hkak fidhkak'
^d& fnda,hla m%;Hia:j yd f¾Åhj fmdf,dfõ .egqKs kï
fmd,dmksk fõ.h m;s; fõ.hg jvd wvqfõ' -1
37. 4 ms m%fõ.hlska iqug ;sria ;,hla u; p,kh jk 200
i;H jkqfha" g ialkaOhla we;s A kï f,day l=Üáhla 6 ms-1 m%fõ.fhka
tu ;,h u; m%;súreoaO ÈYdj Tiafia p,kh jk 100 g
^1& a yd b mu‚ ^2& b yd c mu‚ ^3& a yd d mu‚ ialkaOhla we;s B kï f,day l=Üáhla iu`. YS¾IdNsuqLj
^4& a,b,c mu‚ ^5& ish,a,u .efÜ' .egqfuka miqj f,day l=Üá folu ;ks jia;=jla fia
p,kh fõ kï tys m%fõ.h fidhkak'
31. ialkaOh m1 jQ A jia;=jla V1 m%fõ.hlska ol=Kq ÈYdjg
p,s; fõ' th tu ÈYdjgu V2 m%fõ.hlska p,s; jk 38. 30 kg ialkaOh we;s ñáhla 3.2 m by< isg ksYap,;d
ialkaOh m2 jQ B jia;=jl jia;=jl .eà wef,a' .egqfuka
jfhka 10 kg ialkaOhla we;s lkqjla u; jefÜ' .egqñka
miq ixhqla; jia;=fjys m%fõ.h 1/2(V1+V2)g iudk kï miq lkqj yd ñáh tlg .uka lrhs kï .egqñka
m1 yd m2 w;r we;s iïnkaOh l=ula o @ fudfyd;lg miqj lkqfõ m%fõ.h fidhkak' tl myrl
^1& m1 > m2 ^2& m1 < m2 ^3& m1 = 2 m2 § lkqj 8 cm ÿrla fmd<j ;=<g .s,d niS kï fmd<fjka
we;s lrk m%;sfrdaOh fidhkak' ^6 ms-1, 9400N&
^4& m1 = m2 ^5& m1 = 1/2 m2

32. ialkaOh 1 kg jk ;=jlal=jla ;=< ialkaOh 0.1 kg jk

WKavhla we;' ;=jlal=j l%shd;aul lsÍfïoS WKavh 250
ms-1 fõ.fhka ;=jlal=fjka bj;g .uka lrhs' WKavh
uqod yeß miq ;=jlal=fõ iy WKavfha uq¿ .uH;djh p o
;=jlal=j jdx.= jk m%fõ.h v o kï my; l=ula i;H fõo@

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

5
Advanced Level PHYSICS The law of conservation of linear momentum

miq.sh úNd. nyqjrK wNHdi 44.

-1
A U B
39. ol=Kq ÈYdjg 5 ms fõ.fhka p,kh fjñka mj;sk 10kg x
ialkaOhla iys; A kï f.da,hla ksYap,j mj;sk
rEmfha olajd we;s mßÈ ;sria iqug mDIAGhla u; U
ialkaOh 5 kg jQ B kï f.da,hla iu`. uqyqKg uqyqK,d m%fõ.fhka Ok x ÈYdj Tiafia p,kh jk ialkaOh m jQ
^head on& ix>Ügkhlg Ndckh fõ' my; § we;s l=ulska A jia;=j ksYap,;djfha mj;sk i¾jiu B jia;=jla iu`.
ix>Ügkfhka fudfyd;lg miq A iy B j, m%fõ. mQ¾K m%;Hdia: .egqula isÿ lrhs' .egqug miq A iy B ys
ksrEmKh fkdlrhs o@ ^ish¨u m%fõ. ol=Kq ÈYdjg fõ'& m%fõ. ms<sfj<ska"

^1& 10/3 ms-1 , 10/3 ms-1 ^2& 3 ms-1 , 4 ms-1 ^1& 0 iy Ok x ÈYdj Tiafia U fõ'
^3& 2 ms-1 , 6 ms-1 ^4& 5/3 ms-1 , 20/3 ms-1 ^2& Ok x ÈYdj Tiafia U/2 iy Ok x ÈYdj Tiafia U/2 fõ'
^5& 0 , 10 ms-1 ^3& iDK x ÈYdj Tiafia U/2 iy Ok x ÈYdj Tiafia U/2
(1982 - 17) fõ'
40. ialkaOh 5 M jk ÿïßh ueÈßhla ;sria iqug mS,s u; ^4& iDK x ÈYdj Tiafia U iy 0 fõ'
ksi,j we;' 8 ms-1 fõ.hlska .uka lrk ialkaOh 3 M ^5& 0 iy Ok x ÈYdj Tiafia U/2 fõ'
jk tkaðula" ueÈßfha .egqkq miq tajd tlsfklg iïnkaO (2004 - 24)
fõ' .egqfuka miq tkaðfï fõ.h jkqfha"
45. Ok x ÈYdjg υ fõ.hlska .uka lrk m1 ialkaOhla iys;
^1& 16 ms -1
^2& 3 ms -1
^3& 4.8 ms -1
wxY=jla ksYap,;djfha we;s m2 ialkaOhla iys; ;j;a
wxY+ j la iu`. m% ; Hdjia : ix>Ügkhla is ÿ lrhs '
^4& 5 ms-1 ^5& 8 ms-1 ix>Ügkhg miq p,s;h ms<sn|j lr we;s my; i|yka
(1992 - 8) l=uk m%ldY wi;H fõ o@
41. ndysr n, j,ska f;drj jia;= folla .efÜ kï" my;
m%ldY w;ßka l=uk m%ldYh iEu úgu i;H fõ o@ ^1& m1 < m2 kï m1 iy m2 ms<sfj,ska -x iy +x ÈYdj,g
.uka lrhs'
^1& tla tla jia;=fõ .uH;djh fkdfjkiaj mj;S' ^2& m1 > m2 kï m1 iy m2 hk folu +x ÈYdj,g .uka
^2& tla tla jia;=fõ pd,l Yla;sh fkdfjkiaj mj;S' lrhs'
^3& jia;+kays iïmQ¾K pd,l Yla;sh fkdfjkiaj mj;S' ^3& m1 iy m2 hk folu ;ks ialkaOhla fia υ j,g jvd
^4& jia;+kays iïmQ¾K .uH;djh fkdfjkiaj mj;S' wvq fõ.hlska +x ÈYdjg .uka lrhs'
^5& tla tla jia;=fõ p,s; ÈYdj fkdfjkiaj mj;S' ^4& m2 wmßñ;j úYd, jqjfyd;a yer m1 ys fõ.h υ g jvd
(1995) wvq fõ'
^5& m1 = m2 kï m2 ys fõ.h υ fõ'
42. iqug ;sria fïihla u; .uka lrk A kï wxY=jla fïih
u; ksYap,j we;s B kï wxY=jla yd .efÜ' A ys wdrïNl
.uH;dfõ úYd,;ajh P0 kï wxY=j, .uH;d (P) ld,h (t) (2011 - 39)
iu`. fjkia jk whqre jvd;a u fyd|ska ksrEmKh jkafka 46. iqug ;sria mDIAGhla u; we;s mßudjka iudk f,day fnda,
y;rla i,lkak' m<uq fnda, ;=fkys tlsfkflys
my; i|yka lskï jl%fhka o@
ialkaOh m jk w;r" y;rjk fnda,fhys ialkaOh 2m
P
A
P A P A fõ' tajd ir, f¾Ldjla u; iudk mr;r j,ska we;' fnda,
P0 P0 P0 B w;r f¾Çh m%:Hdia; .egqï ud,djla we;sjk mßÈ m<uq
B B
fnda,h v fõ.fhka p,s; ù fojeks fnda,h iu`. .efÜ'
0 0 0 ish¨u .egqï j,ska wk;=rej tla tla fnda,fha p,s;h
t t t
^1& ^2& ^3& jvd;a fyd|ska ksrEmKh lrkq ,nkafka"
υ υ
2
P B P ^1& m m m 2m ^2& m m m 2m
A A
P0 P0 B υ 3υ υ 2υ
2 4 3 3
0 0
^3& m m m 2m ^4& m m m 2m
t
t 2υ 5υ
^4& ^5& (1996 - 47) 3 6
^5& m m m 2m
-1
43. ;sria ÈYdjla Tiafia jï mig 10 ms m%fõ.hlska .uka (2019 - 36)
lrk 5 × 10 kg jQ ueá .=,shla ;sria ÈYdj Tiafiau 12 ms-1
-2
47. iqug iu;, mDIaGhla u; 2v m%fõ.fhka p,kh jk
m%fõ.hlska ol=Kq mig .uka lrk 6 × 10-2kg jQ ueá ialkaOh M jk l=Üáhla tu ÈYdjg v m%fõ.fhka p,kh
.=,shla iu`. .efÜ' .egqfuka miq .=,s fol tlg we,S mj;S
jk ialkaOh M jQ fjk;a l=Üáhla yd mQ¾K wm%;Hia:
kï tu ixhqla; jia;=j .uka .kakd m%fõ.h jkafka"
.egqula isÿ lrhs' .egqfuka miq m<uq l=Üá m%fõ.h
fldmuK o@
^1& 0 ^2& 1 ms-1 ^3& 2 ms-1
^4& 11 ms-1 ^5& 22 ms-1 ^1& 0 ^2& 1 v ^3& v
2
(1997 - 18)
^4& 3 v ^5& 2v
2
(2021)
Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela
6
Advanced Level PHYSICS The law of conservation of linear momentum

miq.sh úNd. rpkd wNHdi
48. ^a& jia;= foll isÿjk m%;Hia: yd wm%;Hia: .egqï w;r
we;s fjki myod fokak' iïmQ¾K jYfhka wm%;Hia:
jQ .egqula i|yd WodyrK fokak'
A 1kg B 1kg
² ² ² ² ² ²
ialkaO ms<sfj,ska 1 kg , 1 kg yd M jk A , B iy C kï
jQ fg%d,s ;=kla >¾IKfhka f;dr jQ ;sria mS,s u;
ksYap,;djfha ;nd we;' rEmfha fmkajd we;s mßÈ A
fg%d,sh B fg%d,sh fj;g V m%fõ.hlska m%lafIamkH
lrkq ,efí' isÿjk ish`Mu .egqï m%;HdIa: f,ig
Wml,amkh lrñka"
^i& A fg%d,sh B yd .egqKq miq A kj;sk w;r B , V
m%fõ.fhka .uka wrUk nj fmkajkak'
^ii& M = 1/2 kg kï" blaì;sj .egqï fldmuK ixLHdjla
we;s jkafka ±hs i|yka fldg ish¨u fg%d,sj, wjidk
m%fõ.hka V weiqfrka fidhkak'
^iii& M = 2 kg jQ úg l=ula isÿ jkafka ±hs i|yka fldg
ish¨u fg%d,sj, wjidk m%fõ.hka V weiqfrka
,shkak'
^iv& mS,s >¾IKfhka hqla; kï Tn Ndú;d l< ixiaÓ;sl
kshu ;ju;a j<x.= jkafka o@ Tnf.a ms<s;=r meyeÈ,s
lrkak'
^a& wxY=j ì;a;s foflka tl ì;a;shla iu`. .efgk
iS>%;dj >Kkh lrkak'
^b& wxY=j úiska tu ì;a;shg .uH;dj ixl%uKh lrkq
,nk iS>%;dj l=ula o@
^c& fmÜáh ;=< by; i|yka p,s;hu isÿ lrk wxY= 2
× 1023 ixLHdjla we;ehs is;kak' fuu wxY=
C tlsfkl w;r .egqï isÿ fkdlrk w;r ì;a;s
iu`. tajdfha .egqï" ì;a;sfha lafIa;%M,h mqrd
taldldrj jHdma; ù we;s nj o i<lkak'
^d& ì;a;s foflka tlla u; wxY= u`.ska we;s lrkq
,nk mSvkh .Kkh lrkak'
(45 m , 5 kg ms-1 , 7s , 10-3 s-1 , 2.4 × 10-19 kg ms-2 , 4.8 × 104 Nm-2)
(2004 - 01)
50. yrialv j¾.M,h A jQ isria me;,s ;yvqjla rEmfha
fmkajd we;s wdldrhg ksYap, jd;h ;=, v ksh;
fõ.fhka .uka lrhs' ;yvqj yd jd; wKq w;r idfmalaI
p,s;h i<lkak' fuu ;;a;ajh hgf;a jd; wKq ;yvqfõ
mDIaGh yd ,ïNlj .efgk nj iy .eàfuka miq ;yvqjg
idfmalaIj tu v fõ.fhkau m%;súreoaO ÈYdjg fmd<d
mksk nj Wml,amkh lrkak'
(1993)

49. ialkaOh 0.1 kg jQ l=vd fnda,hla t = 0 § ;sria fmdf<djla

^i& m hkq jd; wKqjl ialkaOh kï" wKqfõ .uH;djh
u;g ksYap,;dfõ isg w;yßkq ,efí' fnda,fha wdrïNfha fjkia ùu i|yd m%ldYKhla ,shkak'
§ fmdf<dfõ isg H Wilska ;snQ w;r iEu tla tla .egqul ^ii& tall ld,hl § ;yvqj iu`. .efgk jd; wKq
§ u isriaj fmd<d mkS' fnda,fha m%fõ. (V) - ld, (t) ixLHdj i<lñka fyda fjk;a l%uhlska ;yvqj u;
m%ia;drfha fldgila rEmfha ±lafõ' jd;h u.ska we;slrkq ,nk F n,fhys úYd,;ajh
F=2Adv2 u.ska Èh yels nj fmkajkak' fuys d hkq
v(ms-1) jd;fha >k;ajhhs' fuu n,h frdaOl n,h f,i
20 y÷kajkq ,efí'
(2015 - 05)
0 t(s)

-30
^i& jd; m%;sfrdaOh iy Wvql=re f;rmqu fkdi<ld
yßñka" fnda,h i|yd my; i|yka oE .Kkh lrkak'
^a& wdrïNl Wi H
^b& m<uq .egqfï § fnda,fha .uH;dfõ fjkia ùu iy
fmd<jg ixl%uKh jQ .uH;dj
^c& fojeks .egqu isÿjk úg t ys w.h
^ii& fnda,h iy fmd<j w;r .egqu mQ¾K m%;Hia: kï
fuu p,s;h i|yd v-t m%ia:drh w|skak'
^iii& me;a;l È. 1 m jQ >kldldr ysia fmÜáhla ;=,
ialkaOh 6 ×10-26 kg jQ wxY=jla fmÜáfha m%;súreoaO
ì;a;s folla iu`. wNs,ïNj .efgñka bÈßhg yd
miqmig p,s; ùug i<iajkq ,efí' wxY=j yd ì;a;s
w;r .egqï mQ¾K m%;Hia: jk w;r wxY=fjys fõ.h 2
× 103 ms-1 fõ' ^wxY=j u; .=re;aj n,h fkdi<ld yeßh yels hehs
Wml,amKh lrkak&

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

7
Advanced Level PHYSICS The law of conservation of linear momentum

B<`.g mdo fmdf<dfõ iam¾Yfhka ñfok úg Y+kH olajd

wdfõ.h' my; niS' mqoa.,hd fmdf<dfjka bj;a jQ fõ.h fldmuK
o@ F(N)
-1
51. ialkaOh 2kg jQ jia;=jla 100ms l m%fõ.fhka ì;a;shla 1450
iu`. wNs,ïN f,i .eà tu fõ.fhkau fmd,d mkS' ^1& 1 ms-1
jia;=j ì;a;sh iu`. .eà mj;sk ld,h 1/50s kï" ì;a;sh ^2& 1.5 ms-1
u.ska jia;=j u; fhdokq ,nk n,fha úYd,;ajh jkafka" ^3& 2 ms-1 650
^4& 3 ms-1
^1& 8 N ^2& 1×103 N ^3& 2×103 N
^5& 10 ms-1
^4& 1×104 N ^5& 2×104 N 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4
(2008-53)
rpkd wNHdi 56. 0.15 kg ialkaOhla iys; l%slÜ fnda,hla ms;slrefjl=
úiska myr §ug fudfyd;lg fmr20 ms-1 fõ.hlska
52. ^i& uq`M ialkaOh 5000 Kg jk hqO gexlshlg iúl< .uka lrhs' myrÿka úg ms;a; u`.ska fnda,h u; ckkh
hdka;%sl ;=jlal=jla iqug k,hl kj;d we;' thska lrk n,h ^F& ys ld,h ^t& iu`. úp,kh m%ia:drfha
ialkaOh 10 g jQ Wkav 20 la 4s ld,hl§ 250 ms-1 fmkajd we;' fnda,h m%;súreoaO ÈYdjg fmd,d mkS kï
fõ.fhka uqod yßhs' tla WKavhla ,nd.;a .uH;djh myr§ug fudfyd;lg miqj l%slÜ fnda,fha fõ.h"
fldmuKo @ (2.5 kgms-1 )
F(N)
^ii& WKav ish,a, u; l%shd l< uq`M wdfõ.h .Kkh ^1& 20 ms-1
lrkak'(50Ns) ^2& 25 ms-1
13 500
^iii& tkhska gexlshl u; l%shd l< wdfõ. n,h fidhkak' ^3& 65 ms-1
(12.5N) ^4& 70 ms-1
^iv& gexlsh ,lajk ;ajrKh .Kkh lrkak' ^5& 110 ms-1 t(N)
0
^2.6×10-3ms-2& 0.001

^v& 4s wjidkfha gexlsh ,nd.;a m%fõ.h fldmuKo@ (2010 - 31)

^WKavj, ialkaO wvqùu fkdi,ld yßkak'&
(2×10-2ms-1 ) 57. wdrïNfha § ksi,;djfha mj;sk ialkaOh 0.5 kg jk
fnda,hlg ms;a;lska myr fohs' ld,h ^t& iu`. fnda,h
u; n,fha ^F& úp,kh rEmfha fmkajd we;' ms;af;ka
miq.sh úNd. nyqjrK wNHdi bj;a jk úg fnda,fha fõ.h jkqfha"

53. rEmfha olajd we;s wdldrfha ld,h iu`. fjkia jk ^1& 10 ms-1 F
(kN)
n,hla ^F& >¾Ikh rys; ;sria mS,s u; wdrïNfha ^2& 8 ms-1
ksYap,;djfha we;s ialkaOh 10000 kg jQ r:hla u; l%shd ^3& 6 ms-1 2
lrhs' 100 s lg miqj r:fha fõ.h" 1
^4& 4 ms-1
^1& 2.5 ms-1 F(N) ^5& 2 ms-1 1 2 t(ms)

^2& 5 ms-1 1000

(2012-20)
^3& 7.5 ms-1 500 58. ld,h t = 0 § ksYap,j we;s ialkaOh m jQ jia;=jla F
^4& 10 ms-1 . . . . . n,hla hgf;a ir, f¾Ldjla Èf.a p,kh jkúg tu n,h
^5& 15 ms-1 0 25 50 75 100 t(s) ^F& ld,h ^t& iu`. úp,kh m%ia;drfhka ±lafõ' my; §
-500 we;s ta j dhs k a ks j erÈ m% l dYh f;da r ka k ' p,kh
wdrïNfhka miqj jia;=fõ m%fõ.h Y+kH jkafka"
(1996-24) F(N)
10
8
54. ialkaOh 0.05 kg jk f.d,a*a fnda,hlg f.d,a*a ms;af;ka 6
myr ÿka miq" tu fnda,h 70 ms-1 m%fõ.hlska ksl=;a fjhs' 4
f.d,a*a ms;a; iu`. fnda,fha iam¾Y ld,h 5 × 10-4 kï" 2
0
fnda,h u; f.d,a*a ms;af;ka fhfok uOHkH n,h -2 20 40 60 80 100 120 t(s)
jkqfha" -4
-6
^1& 5.0 ×105N ^2& 2.5 ×105N ^3& 7.0 ×103N -8
-10
^4& 1.4 ×103N ^5& 1.2 ×103N
(2003-05) ^1& t = 40 s § muKs'
^2& t = 70 s § muKs'
55. is r ia j by<g mekS f ï § mq o a . ,fhl= f .a mdou;
fmdf<dfjka fhfok n,h ^F& ld,h ^t& iu`. úp,kh ^3& t = 40 s iy t = 100 s § h'
jk wdldrh rEmfha ±lafõ' n,h ^F& 0.3 s ;=< § ^4& t = 70 s iy t = 120 s § h'
mqoa.,hdf.a idudkH nr jk 650 N isg 1450 N olajd jeä ^5& t = 60 s isg t = 80 s olajd jQ ld,dka;rh ;=< § h'
ù 0.1 s ;=< § ksh;j mj;S' (2020-30)

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

8
Advanced Level PHYSICS The law of conservation of linear momentum

59. ialkaOh 2kg jk jia;=jla >¾Ikfhka f;dr ;sria 63. >¾IKfhka f;dr ;sria mDIAGhla u; ksi,;djfha
mDIaGhla u; wdrïNfha § ksi,j we;' B<`.g ld,h t mj;sk A iy B i¾jiu fg%d,s folla ;=< i¾jiu
iu`. úp,kh jk ;sria F n,hla rEmfha fmkajd we;s ialkaOhka iys; <uhs fofofkla isg f.k isá;s' A
mßÈ 6s mqrd jia;=j u; ls%hd lrhs' jia;=fõ wjidk fg% d ,s f ha is á k <uhd fmdf<djg idfma l a I j V
m%fõ.h fldmuKo@ m%fõ.hlska ;sria w;g ialkaOh m jk fnda,hla úis
F(N) lrk w;r B fg%d,sfha isák <uhd th w,a,d .kshs'
^1& 20ms-1 <uhl= iu. fg%d,shl ialkaOh M kï, A yd B fg%d,sj,
^2& 25ms-1 10 wjidk m%fõ. ms<sfj<ska"
^3& 30ms-1
^4& 40ms-1 5
^5& 50ms-1
0
0 2 4 6 t (s)
(2022-18) ^1& -mV iy -mV fõ' ^2& -mV iy mV fõ'
M M+m M-m M+m
p,kh jk moaO;shlg tl;= ùu yd
^3& -mV iy mV fõ' ^4& -mV iy -mV fõ'
M M+m M M+m
ksoyia ùu'
^5& -V iy V fõ'
60. jia;= folla .eàulska miq tlsfkl we,S p,s; jk
64. ;sriaj .uka .kakd fcÜ hdkdjl m%ydrl l%shdldrlul
wjia:djla i|yd i;H jkafka my; i|yka ljr m%ldY o@
§ thska ;sriaj miqmig Wkav ú§u isÿfõ' fcÜ hdkfha uq¿
^a& .egqu i|yd Yla;s ixiaÓ;sl kshuh fhÈh yel' ialkaOh M o Wkavfha ialkaOh dM o fõ' fcÜ hdkfha
wdrïNl m%fõ.h V yd Wkavhla miqmig úÈkafka
^b& .egqï n,j,g wu;rj p,s; ÈYdfõ fjk;a wdfõ.S hdkhg idfmalaIj u0 m%fõ.hlska kï WKav folla
n, fkdue;skï .egqu i|yd f¾Çh .uH;d ixiaÓ;sl ú§fuka miq hdkh ,nd .kakd wjidk m%fõ.h jkafka"
kshuh fhÈh yel' ^fcÜ hdkfha uq¿ ialkaOh hkq WKav iys; úg iuia:
^c& .eàug Ndckh jk jia;= fofla .uH;d fjkiaùu moaO;sfha ialkaOhhs'&
tlsfklg úYd,;ajfhka iudk jk w;r ÈYdfjka
m%;súreoaO fõ'
MV-2dM(V-u0) MV+2dM(V-u0)
^1& ^2&
^1& a,b,c ish,a,u' ^2& b,c muKs' ^3& c muKs' M-2dM M-2dM
^4& a,b muKs' ^5& b muKs' MV+2dM(V+u0) MV+2dM(V-u0)
^3& ^4&
M-2dM M
61. my; rEmfha olajd we;af;a iqug whsia ;Ügqjla u; isg
fnda,hla w,a,d .kakd <ufhls' MV+2dM(V+u0)
^5&
M

rpkd wNHdi
-1
65. 10kg ialkaOh we;s lr;a;hla iu;,d u`.l 5ms
m%fõ.fhka fmr<Sf.k hhs' 4kg ialkaOhla iSrefjka th
<uhd wdrïNfha ksYap,j isák w;r <uhdf.a ialkaOh ;=<g w;yßkq ,nhs'
50 kg fõ' fnda,fha ialkaOh 10 kg yd wdrïNl p,s;
m%fõ.h 30 kmh-1 kï <uhdf.a wjidk m%fõ.h jkqfha" ^i& ialkaOh lr;a;h ;=<g jeàug fmr lr;a;fha
-1 -1 -1
.uH;djh'
^1& 5 kmh ^2& 4 kmh ^3& 8 kmh ^ii& ialkaOh lr;a;h ;=<g jegqKq miq lr;a;fha
^4& 10 kmh-1 ^5& .uH;djh'
^iii& wjidkfha lr;a;fha fõ.h'
62. ialkaOh 50kg jQ j,fyla .`.la yryd jeà we;s fij,
ne`ÿKq fldghla u; 10 ms-1 fõ.fhka ,siaid hhs' túgu 66. ialkaOh W jk fg%d,shla ;sria ;,hla u; U taldldr
1kg ialkaOhla we;s isria f,i by< me;s ud`Mfjl= j,yd m%fõ.fhka p,kh jk úg th u; isák ialkaOh a jQ
láka iSrefjka veye .kS' ±ka j,idf.a fõ.h"
<ufhla fg%d,shg idfmalaIj X m%fõ.fhka m%;súreoaO
w;g ÿjñka fl<jßka thska bj;g mkS' <uhd fg%d,sh
^1& 9.8 ms-1 ^2& 8 ms-1 ^3& 8.5 ms-1
Èf.a ÿjk úg fg%d,shg m%fõ.h v kï"
^4& 12 ms-1 ^5& 11.5 ms-1
^a& moaO;sh i|yd .uH;d ixiaÓ;s uQ,O¾uh fhoSfuka v
j, w.h fidhkak'
^b& fg%d,sfha m%fõ.h jeäùu fidhkak'

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

9
Advanced Level PHYSICS The law of conservation of linear momentum

4
67. ^i& ialkaOh 5×10 kg jk újD; f,dßhla >¾IKh
fkdie,lsh yels ;sria ud¾.hl 20 ms-1 m%fõ.fhka
.uka lrhs. túg isria f,i my<g we`o yef,k ;o
j¾Idjlska f,dßh u; jeis c,h tla/ia fõ. oeka
f,dßfha kj m%fõ.h fidhkak'
^ii& f,dßfha p,s; osYdjg mj;sk iq<`.la ksid by;
wjia:dfõ oS j¾Idj weoyef,kqfha isrig 30° la
wdk;j hehs ie,l+ úg f,dßfha kj m%fõ.h
fldmuK o@ ^jeis ìxÿ f,dßfha .efgk úg 30 ms-
m%fõ.hla mj;S'&
^iii& by; wjia:d j,oS moaO;dfha isria .uH;djh
ixia:s;sl fõo@ Tfí ms<s;=rg fya;=j i`oyka lrkak'
68. ^a& uq¿ ialkaOh ^wdrCIl ysia jeiau o iys;j& 65 kg jQ
whsia u; ,siaid hk A kï l%Svlfhla >¾IKfhka
f;dr ñÿk fmdl=Kla u; ir, f¾Ldjla Tiafia 2 ms-1
m%fõ.hlska ksoyfia ,siaid hhs' A fufia .uka lrk
w;r Tyq i;= 5 kg jQ wdrCIl ysia jeiau iajlSh p,kh
isÿjk osYdjg ,ïn ;sria osYdjlg 4 ms-1 m%fõ.hlska
úis lrhs'
^i& wdrCIl ysiajeiqu úisl< miq A f.a iïm%hqla;
m%fõ.fhys úYd,;ajh fidhkak'
^ii& ialkaOh 45 kg jQ o A g wdikakj yd iudka;rj kuq;a
úreoaO ÈYdjg 1 ms-1 m%fõ.hlska whsia u; ,siaid hk
B kï fjk;a l%Svlfhl= A úiska úis lrk ,o
wdrCIl ysiajeiau w,a,d .kAkd ,oS' ysiajeiau w,a,d
.;a miq"
^3& C muKla i;H fõ'
^4& A iy C muKla i;H fõ'
^5& A, B iy C hk ish,a,u i;H fõ'
(1990 - 56)
msmsÍï i`oyd .uH;d ixiaÓ;sfha fh§ï
71. msmsÍuiïnkaO my; i`oyka j.ka;s w;=frka wi;H
jkafka l=ula o @
^1& msmsÍfuka miqj jia;=j lefvkafka fldgia follg
kï tu fldgia j, ialkaOh l=ula jqj;a tajd
m%;súreoaO ÈYdj, iudk m%fõ. j,ska p,s; fõ'
^2& ms m s Í ug fmr jia ; = j ks Y a p ,;djfha mj;S kï
msmsÍfuka miq ish¿fldgia j, .uH;dfõ iïm%hqla;h
Y=kH fõ'
^3& msmsÍfï§ we;sjk n,h iuia; moaO;shu ie,l+ úg
wNHka;r n,hls'
^4& msmsÍulg f¾Çh .uH;d ixiaÓ;sl kshuh fhÈh yel'
^5& lsisjla fkdfõ'
72. ialkaOh 10kg jq jia;= jla msms Í ul§ 5 kg ne`.ska jQ
i¾jiu fldgia folla njg m;afõ' tla fldgil
m%fõ.h 6 ms-1 jQfha kï wfkla fldgfia m%fõ.h"
^1& 0 ms-1 ^2& 3 ms-1 ^3& 2 ms-1
^4& 6 ms-1 ^5& 5 ms-1

73. hï jia;=jla ksYap,j ;sî tlajru len,s 2 lg mqmqrd

miq.sh úNd. nyqjrK wNHdi hhs' fuysÈ jia;=fõ ialkaOh 20 kg jk w;r mqmqrd .sh
len,s j, ialkaO w;r wkqmd;h 6 : 1 ls' jia;= 2 ys
69. remfha ±lafjk mßÈ iqug ;sria fïihla u; ;nd 950 g jQ m%fõ. w;r wkqmd;h jkqfha"
,S l=Üáhla ;=< we;s Wu.la yryd 50 g ialkaOhla iys;
wxY=jla 10 ms-1 m%fõ.hla iys;j ;sriaj m%lafIamKh ^1& 3:1 ^2& 1:3 ^3& 1:4
lrk ,§' wxY=j Wuf.a AB isria fldgi ;=<ska .uka lr ^4& 1:6 ^5& 1:1
B ,laIHfha .eàfuka miq B ys /§ mj;S' wxY=j;a ,S
l=Üáh;a w;r >¾IKhla fkdue;s kï" ,S l=Üáfha
m%fõ.h jkafka" 74. fI,a fjä,a,la ;srig θ fldaKhla wdk;j by<gV
fõ.fhka uqodyßhs. fmf;a by<u ,laIfha § th i¾jiu
-1 ialkaO follg mqmqrd hhs. tla fldgila fjä,af,a uq,a
^1& 0.5 ms m:h Tia f ia kej; .uka lrhs kï ms m s Í fuka
^2& 1.0 ms-1 fudfyd;lg miq wfkla fldgfia fõ.h fidhkak'
^3& 1.5 ms-1
^4& 5.0 ms-1 ^1& 4V cos θ ^2& 3V cos θ ^3& 3Vcos θ
^5& 10.0 ms-1 ^4& V cos θ ^5& V sin θ
(1986 - 60)
75. by; wjia:dfõ § mqmqrd .sh len,s fol fmd<j u; m;s;
70. isriaj jefgk j¾Idjla ksid >¾IKfhka f;rj ;sria jk ia:dk fol w;r ;sria ÿr fldmuKo@ ^fI,a fjä,a,
taldldr fõ.hlska .uka lrk újD; ÿïßh ueÈßhla mqmqrd fkd.sh úg ;sria mrdih R fõ.&
;=<g ie<lsh hq;= m%udKhl c,h jefÜ' c,h tl;= ùu
ksid" ^1& 0.5R ^2& R ^3& 1.5R
^4& 2R ^5& 2.5R
^A& ueÈßfha fõ.h l%ufhka wvq fõ'
^B& ueÈßfha .uH;djh fjkia fkdfõ' 76. WKavhl m%laIsma;hla Wmßu Wfia§ 20ms
-1
fõ.fhka
^C& ueÈßfha pd,l Yla;sh l%ufhka wvq fõ' .uka .kakd w;r yÈisfhau i¾jiu len,s follg mqmqrd
hhs' tla lene,a,la 30ms-1 m%fõ.fhka isriaj by,g
by; i|yka m%ldYj,ska" .uka .kS kï" wfkla lene,af,a m%fõ.fha úYd,;ajh
jkqfha"
^1& A muKla i;H fõ'
^2& B muKla i;H fõ' ^1& 20 ms-1 ^2& 40 ms-1 ^3& 60 ms-1
^4& 30 ms-1 ^5& 50 ms-1

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

10
Advanced Level PHYSICS The law of conservation of linear momentum

77. wNHjldYfha ksYap,;djfha we;s jia;=jla laIKslj tlu 83. ;sria ìul ld,;=jlal=jla ia:dk.; lr we;s w;r
ialkaOh iys; fldgia ;=klg msmsÍ hhs¡ fldgia foll ;=jlal=j msysá ia:dkfha isg 2000 m l ÿrlska msysá
.uH;d ms<sfj,ska 2p yd p fõ¡ ;=kajk fldgfia b,lalhlg m;s; jk f,i thska ld, ;=jlal= WKavhla
.uH;djh ms<sn`o wi;H m%ldYh jkqfha" ksl=;a lrkq ,efí' WKavfha m:fha lsishï ,CIHhl §
yÈiaisfha u WKavh A yd B fldgia follg mqmqrd hhs' A
^1& 3 p úh yelsh' ^2& 2.5p úh yelsh' ys ialkaOh B ys ialkaOh fuka fo.=Khla jk w;r" tlu
^3& p úh yelsh' ^4& 2p úh yelsh ;sria ;,hl .uka lsÍfuka miq fldgia folu tlu
^5& Y=kH úh yelsh' fudfyd;l ìu m;s; fõ' ;=jlal=fõ isg b,lalh msysá
ÈYdjg 1800 m ÿrlska A ìu m;s; fõ kï B ìu m;s; jk
ia:dkhg ;=jlal=fõ isg we;s ÿr"
78. ;srig wdk;j fmd<j u;ska .uka .kakd WKavhla ;sria
mrdih 2x jk mrdj,hsl ud¾.hla Tiafia .uka lrk úg ^1& 1600 m ^2& 2200 m ^3& 2400 m
tys uqÿfka § iudk len,s follg fjkafõ' tla
lene,a,la uq,a .uka u. Tiafia m%lafIamK ia:dkh ^4& 2600 m ^5& 2800 m
fj;g wdmiq .uka lrkafka kï wfkla ialkaOh ìu (2010 - 53)
m;s; jkafka m%lafIamK ia:dkfha isg fldmuK ÿßkao@
84. l=vd jia;=jla wdrïNfha § O ,laIHfha § ksi,j mj;sk
^1& 2 x ^2& 3 x ^3& 4 x w;r wNHka;r msmsÍula ksid th fldgia ;=klg leã
^4& 5 x ^5& 6 x bj;g .uka lrhs' msmsÍfuka miq p,kh jk fldgia
;=fka lsishï fudfyd;l § msysàï rEmfha A , B iy C
rpkd wNHdi ,laIHhkaf.ka fmkajd we;' A ,laIHfha we;s fldgfia
ialkaOh .a?ï 6 kï" msmsreug fmr jia;=fõ ialkaOh
79. ialkaOh 8 kg la jQ frdlÜgqjla 1500 ms m%fõ.hlska
-1 ^.a?ïj,ska& l=ula o@
;sriaj .uka lrhs' th ialkaOh 2 kg yd 6 kg fldgia
follg leã hhs' 2 kg fldgi frdlÜgqj .uka .;a ^1& 6
ÈYdjgu .uka lrk w;r tys m%fõ.h 4000 ms-1 fõ' túg ^2& 9
6 kg ialkaOfha m%fõ.h yd tys .uka ÈYdj fidhkak' ^3& 12
^4& 15
-1
80. frdlÜgqjla ^ialkaOh 5 kg & 1000 ms m%fõ.hlska ;sriaj
^5& 18
.uka lrhs' th ialkaOh 2 kg yd 3 kg fldgia follg
leã hhs' 2 kg fldgi frdlÜgqj .uka .;a ÈYdjgu .uka
lrk w;r tys m%fõ.h 4000 ms-1 fõ' túg 3 kg ialkaOfha
m%fõ.h yd tys .uka ÈYdj fidhkak' (-1000 ms-1)
-1
81. ia l ka O h M jk ñihs , hla 200ms m% f õ.fhka
.ukalrk w;r;=r ialkaOh M/4 iy 3M/4 jk len,s
follg mqmqrd hhs' l=vd lene,a, ñihs,h meñKs ÈYdj
iu`. 600 l fldaKhla idoñka 400ms-1 m%fõ.fhka .uka (2014 - 41)
lrhs kï úYd, lene,af,a m%fõ.h iy ÈYdj fidhkak'
85. jd;fha isriaj my<g jefgk jia;=jla CIKhlska mqmqrd
^W;a" V2 = 400 / √3 yd θ= 300 fõ'&
len,s y;rla njg m;afõ' mqmqrdhdfuka fudfyd;lg miq
len,sj, p,s;j,g ;sìh yels ÈYd fmkajd we;sf;a my;
miq.sh úNd. nyqjrK wNHdi l=uk rEm igyk u`.ska o@ ^msmsÍug fmr jia;=fõ p,s;
ÈYdj ↓&
82. ialkaOh m jk jia;=jla x wlaIh Èf.a V fõ.fhka .uka
lrk w;r yÈisfha i¾jiu len,s follg leã hhs' leã
.sh tla lene,a,la V fõ.fhka y wlaIhg iudka;rj tys
Ok ÈYdjg p,kh fõ kï wfkla lene,af,a p,s; ÈYdj
b;d fyd|ska ksrEmKh jkafka l=ulska o@
y y y
^1& ^2& ^3&

x x x
^1& ^2& ^3&

y y

^4& ^5&
x x (2016 - 15)
^4& ^5&
(1993 - 49)

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

11
Advanced Level PHYSICS The law of conservation of linear momentum

86. m%laIsma;hla tys m:fhys by<u ia:dkfha § (P) yÈisfha
iudk ialkaO iys; len,s follg mqmqrd hhs' fmkajd
we;s mßos tla lene,a,la wdrïNl m%fõ.hla iys;j
isriaj my<g jefÜ kï my; olajd we;s l=uk rEm
igyk u`.ska wfkla lene,af,a .uka ud¾.h jvd;au
fyd|ska ksrEmKh lrhs o@ ^jd; m%;sfrdaOh fkdi,ld
yßkak' lvbr u`.ska fmkajd we;af;a msmsÍu fkdjQfha kï
m%laIsma;fha .uka ud¾.hhs'&
^v& ^a& Ig,h u; by<f we;s f;rmqu ksh;j mej;=k;a
oykh jk úg i;Hh jYfhkau tys ;ajrKh
jeäfõ' fuu m%ldYh meyeÈ<s lrkak.
^b& by; ^v& ^a& wjia:djg wod,j Ig,h i`oyd m%fõ.h
^v& ld,h ^t& o< jl% w`Èkak.
4.0x102ms-1 8.0x102ms-1

P P

Q P

^1& ^2& (A) (B)

P P P
^vi& ^a& A rEmfha fmkajd we;s mßos Ig,h mDÓúh iómj"
^3& ^4& ^5&
(2020 - 23)
miq.sh úNd. rpkd wNHdi
87. wdrïNl wÜgd,h (Iaunching pad) u; ;sfnk úg
wNHjldY Ig,hl (space shuttle) ialkaOh 2.0 × 106 kg
fõ' Ig,h .uka lrùu i|yd by<g we;s l< hq;= f;rmqu
jk 3.0 × 107 N ,nd .kafka ;;amrhlg 3.0 × 103 kg l
bkaok m%udKhla oykh lr tu`.ska we;sjkakd jQ WKqiqï
jdhqj m;=f,ys we;s keiskak (nozzle) yryd bj;g
ú§fuks' by<g we;s f;rmqï n,h" bkaok oykh ùfï
iS>%;dj (M) iy Ig,hg idfmalAIj jdhqj ksl=;ajk
m%fõ.h (u) ys .=Ks;fhka ,efí'
^i& Mu .=Ks;hg" n,fha udk we;s nj fmkajkak'
^ii& ^a& wdrïNl wÜgd,fhka bj;aùug mgka .kakd
wjia:dfõ Ig,fha wdrïNl ;ajrKh fldmuKo@
(a = 5 ms-2)
;sriaj 4.0x102ms-1 m%fõ.hlska .uka lrk
wjia:djla i<lkak' fuu wjia:dfõ § Ig,fha
ialkaOh1.0x105kg fõ.
wjdikdjka; wNHkalr msmqreula ksid Ig,h
iudk ialkaO iys; len,s follg (PydQ) lefâ'
B rEmfhka fmkajd we;s mßÈ P lene,a, 8.0x102
ms-1 m%fõ.hlska (fmd<jg idfmalaIj) lsriaj
bÈßhg .uka lrhs kï fmd<jg idfmalaIj Q
lene,af,a m%fõ.h ks¾Kh lrkak. (8 x 102ms-1).
P g idfmalaIj Q ys m%fõ.h fldmuKo@ msmsru
ksid Ig,fha ialkaO ydkshla fkdue;s nj
Wml,amKh lrkak.
^b& msmsÍfuka miq fmd<fõ isák ksÍlaIlfhl=g
fmfkk mßos PydQ len,sj, bkslaì;s p,s;h
fláfhka i`oyka lrkak.
^c& msmsreu 0.2s mqrd mej;sfha kï msmsreu ksid tla tla
lene,a, u; fhfok n,fha idudkH w.h
fldmuKo@
(108N).
(2003)
moaO;shla ;=< p,kh ùu'

88. mqoa.,fhl= ;sria iqug ;,hl ;nd we;s ksYap, fg%d,shla

u; isà' Tyq tljru fg%d,sh u; ol=Kq ÈYdjg .uka lsÍu
wrUhs'

^a& iuia: moaO;sfha ialkaO flakaøh ol=Kg .uka lrhs'

^b& fg%d,sh .uka lrk fõ.h mqoa.,hdf.a ialkaOh u;
r`od mj;S
^iii& ^a& Ig,hg idfmalaIj jdhqj ksl=;ajk m%fõ.h ^u& ^c& fg%d,sh .uka lrk fõ.h wksjd¾hfhka ñksidf.a
.Kkh lrkak' (104ms-1) fõ.hg jvd wvqh'
^b&Ig,h .uka wrUd 30s g miq fmdf<djg idfmalaIj
jdhqj ksl=;ajk m%fõ.h fldmuKo@ i;H jkafka"
(9850ms-1).
^1& a muKs' ^2& b muKs' ^3& b yd c muKs'
^iv& msg; jdhqf.da,h fkdue;s kï Ig,h ;ajrKh úh ^4& c muK' ^5& ish,a,u'
fkdyels hehs YsIHfhla m%ldY lrhs' fuu m%ldYh
ksjeros o@ Tnf.a ms<s;=r meyeos,s lrkak'

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

12
Advanced Level PHYSICS
89. 100 kg l ialkaOhla jk fndaÜgqjla u; fl,jr
isgf.k isák 50 kg <ufhla fndaÜgqjg idfmaCIj V
fõ.fhka wfkla fl<jrg Èj hsh' túg fndaÜgqj
p,kh ùug mgka .kakd m%fõ.h jkqfh"
^1& V/3 ^2& V/2 ^3& 4V/3
^4& 2V/ 3 ^5& V
90. 240 kg ialkaOh we;s fg%d,shla u; 60 kg n/;s ñksfila
isà' fg%d,shg iqug mS,s u; we;s w;r" ñksid fg%d,sh ;=< 1
ms-1 l m%fõ.fhka .uka lrhs' 4s ld,hlg miqj
fmdf<djg idfmaËj Tjqf.a úia:dmkh"
^1& 6 m ^2& 4.8 m ^3& 3.2 m
^4& 2.4 m ^5& 2.8 m
91. ñksfil= ÿñßh ueÈßhla ;=, ksYap,;djfha isg tlajru
v1 m%fõ.hlska Èùu wdrïN lrhs' iuia; moaO;sh u;
wdfõ.S n, ls%hd;aul fkdfõ kï" ÿïßfha p,s; m%fõ.h
ksjerÈj ,nd fokqfh"
^ÿïßfha ialkaOh - M ñksidf.a ialkaOh - m &
mv1
^1& V = ^2& V = (m + M) v1
M M
^3& V = Mv1 ^4& V = mv1
m (m +M)
^5& by; lsisjla fkdfõ.
rpkd wNHdi
92. ialkaOh 100kg jQ ñksfila 5m È.e;s fg%d,shla ;=, ^iqug
ud¾.hl we;s 500kg& tla fl,jrl isg wfkla fl,jrg
Èj hhs'
^i& .uH;dj .ekl=ula lsj yels o@
^ii& .uH;dj ixiaÓ;sl ùug isÿjk foh meyeÈ,s lrkak'
93. ialkaOh 40 kg jQ ñksfila ialkaOh 20 kg jQ fndaÜgqjl
fl<jr isà' ksYap, c,fha fndaÜgqj ksYap,j we;s whqre
rEmfha oelafõ'
^i& ñksid fmd<jg idfmalaIj u m%fõ.fhka fndaÜgqj
Èf.a .uka lsÍu werUQ úg fmd<jg idfmalaIj
fndaÜgqfõ m%fõ.h l=uloa @
^ii& fndaÜgqjg idfmalaIj ñksidf.a m%fõ.h l=uloa @
^iii& ñksid fndaÜgqfõ bÈß fl<jrg meñKSug .kakd
ld,h fldmuKo@
^iv& ñksid fndaÜgqfõ wfkla fl<jrg meñKs úg
ñksidf.a isg bjqrg we;s ÿr fldmuKo@
Advanced Level PHYSICS
The law of conservation of linear momentum
94. iqug ÿïßh ud¾.hl we;s fmÜá ldrhla ;=, <ufhla
isgf.k isà' fmÜáldrfha iy <uhdf.a ialkaOh M fõ'
Tyq m ialkaOh we;s fnda,hla V0 m%fõ.fhka ;sriaj
wfkla me;a;g úislrk w;r th ì;a;sfha m%;Hdia: f,i
.eà" ldrfha È.g iudk L ÿrla kej; wdmiq .uka lr
wfkla ì;a;sfha wm%;Hdia: f,i .eà ksYap,;djhg
m;afõ' m<uq .eàfï§ fmÜáldrfha jï w;g isÿjk
úia:dmkh
m nj fmka j d foka k ' tys iïm% h q l a ;
] M+m ]L
úia:dmkh Y+kHh nj fmkajkak'
95. ialkaOh m jk iqkLfhla ialkaOh M o È. L o jk
fndaÜgqjl miqmi fl<jf¾ isg f.k isà' túg fndaÜgqj
ksYap,j ;sfnk w;r bÈßmi fl<jr bjqrg X wE;ska
msysghs' ;jo fndaÜgqj bjqrg ,ïNlj msysgd we;' iqkLhd
fndaÜgqj Èf.a by<g .uka lr bÈßmi fl<jf¾ kj;S
kï túg bjqf¾ isg ikq Lhdg we;s ÿr fidhkak'
miq.sh úNd. nyqjrK wNHdi
96. ialkaOh 1000 kg iys È. 11 m jk ÿïßh ueÈßhla
>¾IKfhka f;r" Rcq" ;sria mS,s u; ksYap,j we;'
ueÈßh ;=< isák ialkaOh 100 kg jk ñksfila ueÈßfha
tla fl<jrl isg wfkla fl<jrg tl t,af,a .uka
lrhs' ueßhg ksoyfia p,kh úh yels kï th p,kh
jk ÿr"
^1& 0 ^2& 1/10 m ^3& 1/11 m
^4& 1 m ^5& 11 m
(1998 - 52)
miq.sh úNd. rpkd wNHdi
97. ^a& p,s;h ms<sn| ksõgkaf.a kshu ;=k i|yka lr tu
kshu m%fhdackhg f.k f¾Çh .uH;d ixiaÓ;s
uQ,O¾uh wfmdaykh lrkak'
ialkaOh 15 kg jQ iqkLfhla ialkaOh 30 kg jQ o" È.
5m jQ o iu;,d fndaÜgqjl miqmfiys isgf.k isáhs'
c,h p,kh fkdjk úgl fndaÜgqj ksoyfia bmsf,hs'
fndaÜgqj bjqf¾ we;s lsÜgqu ,laIHh fj; fl,skau
t,a, ù mj;sk w;r fndaÜgqfõ bÈßmig bjqf¾ isg 10
m l ÿrla we;' ±ka iqkLhd bjqr foig fiñka weúo
fndaÜgqj bÈßmi § kj;S' c,h yd fndaÜgqj w;r
>¾IK n, fkdue;s hhs Wml,amkh lr iqkLhd iy
bjqr w;r ÿr .Kkh lrkak'
(1982)
Dr. Darshana Ukuwela
13
Advanced Level PHYSICS The law of conservation of linear momentum

nyqjrK wNHdi ms<s;=re WORD GUIDE

(01) 02 (02) 05 (03) 05 (04) 01 (05) 01 Momentum Conservation

(06) 05 (21) 04 (22) 01 (23) 05 (24) 04 f¾Çh .uH;d ixiÓ
a ;h
(25) 05 (26) 05 (27) 03 (28) 04 (29) 03
(30) 05 (31) 04 (32) 01 (51) 05 (60) 04 .uH;d fjki CHANGE IN MOMENTUM
(61) 01 (62) 01 (63) 03 (64) 01 (71) 01
wdrïNl .uH;djh INITIAL MOMENTUM
(72) 04 (73) 04 (74) 02 (75) 04 (76) 05
(77) 05 (78) 03 (88) 03 (89) 01 (90) 03 wjidk .uH;djh FINAL MOMENTUM
(91) 04
.uH;d ixiÓ
a ;l
s kh
s uh LAW OF CONSERVATION OF
MOMENTUM
miq.sh úNd. nyqjrK wNHdi ms<s;=re .eàï COLLISIONS

mm
s Í
s ï EXPLOSIONS
(10) 03 (11) 04 (12) 02 (13) 03 (14) 03
(15) 03 (16) 04 (17) 03 (18) 02 (19) 04 m;
% Hi;
a .egï
q CLASSIC COLLISIONS
(20) 05 (39) 05 (40) 02 (41) 03 (42) 04
(43) 03 (44) 01 (45) 03 (46) 04 (47) 04 wm;
% Hi;
a .egï
q INELASTIC COLLISIONS
(53) 01 (54) 03 (55) 04 (56) 02 (57) 04
m¾
Q K wm;
% Hi;
a .egï
q TOTALLY CLASSIC COLLISIONS
(58) 02 (59) 02 (69) 01 (70) 05 (82) 02
(83) 03 (84) 05 (85) 05 (86) 04 (96) 04 hdk;
a l
s% Yl;
a h
s MECHANICAL ENERGY

pd,l Yl;
a h
s POTENTIAL ENERGY

úNj Yl;
a h
s TRANSFORMATION

mßj¾;kh LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY

Advanced Level PHYSICS Dr. Darshana Ukuwela

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