UNIT 7: HEALTHY LIFESTYLE

S Từ vựng Phiên âm Từ loại Nghĩa Giải thích Ví dụ

T tiếng Việt bằng tiếng
T Anh

1 Get in Shape /ɡɛt ɪn ʃeɪp/ Idiom Làm cho To improve She decided to
cơ thể trở one's physical get in shape by
nên khỏe fitness and going to the gym.
mạnh overall health
through
exercise and
proper
nutrition.
2 Latest /ˈleɪtɪst/ Adjectiv Mới nhất The most Have you heard
e recent or up- the latest news?
to-date in
time; the
newest or
most recent.
3 Fitness /ˈfɪtnɪs/ Noun Sức khỏe The condition Regular exercise
of being is essential for
physically fit fitness.
and healthy,
often as a
result of
exercise and
proper
nutrition.
4 Weights /weɪts/ Noun Tạ / Cân Heavy objects She lifts weights
nặng used for at the gym.
exercising,
typically lifted
or pulled to
build strength.
5 Craze /kreɪz/ Noun Cuồng A brief and The latest fitness
nhiệt/ cơn intense craze is high-
sốt enthusiasm intensity interval
for a training.
particular
activity or
trend.
6 Wellness /ˈwɛlnɪs/ Noun Giữ gìn sức The state of Yoga and
khỏe being in good meditation
health, contribute to
especially as overall wellness.
an actively
pursued goal.
7 Progress /ˈprɒɡrɛs/ Noun Tiến triển Forward or She is making
onward progress in her
 movement fitness journey.
towards a
destination or
goal.
8 Treadmill /ˈtrɛdmɪl/ Noun Máy chạy A stationary Running on a
bộ exercise treadmill is a
machine convenient way
consisting of a to exercise
moving belt indoors.
on which a
person walks
or runs while
staying in the
same place.
9 Personal /ˈpɜːsənl Noun Huấn luyện A fitness She hired a
Trainer ˈtreɪnər/ viên cá professional personal trainer
nhân who helps to guide her
individuals workouts.
develop and
achieve their
fitness goals
through
personalized
exercise plans.
1 Pilates /pɪˈlɑːtiːz/ Noun Bài tập A form of She attends
0 pilates exercise that Pilates classes
focuses on twice a week.
core strength,
flexibility, and
overall body
awareness.
11 Manage to /ˈmænɪdʒ tuː/ Idiom Đạt được To succeed in Despite the
accomplishing challenges, she
something, managed to
especially complete the
with effort or marathon.
difficulty.
1 Mat /mæt/ Noun Chiếc thảm A flat piece of She does yoga on
2 material, a comfortable
usually soft, mat.
used to protect
or decorate a
surface.
1 Applications /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃənz/ Noun Ứng dụng Programs or There are many
3 software useful
designed for a applications for
specific tracking fitness
purpose, progress.
especially on
electronic
devices.
1 Download /ˌdaʊnˈloʊd/ Verb Tải xuống To transfer You can
4 data or files download the
from a remote fitness app from
computer to a the app store.
local device,
typically from
the internet.
1 Track /træk/ Verb Theo dõi To monitor or The fitness
5 follow the tracker helps you
progress or track your daily
development activities.
of something.
1 Rewards /rɪˈwɔːrdz/ Noun Phần Something Hard work and
6 thưởng given in dedication lead to
recognition of great rewards.
effort,
achievement,
or service; to
give a reward.
1 Badges /bædʒɪz/ Noun Huy hiệu A small Participants in
7 emblem or the fitness
distinctive challenge earned
mark worn to badges for their
signify accomplishments.
achievement
or
membership.
1 A Variety of /ə ˈværəti ʌv/ Phrase Đa dạng Many The gym offers a
8 different types variety of
or forms of exercise classes.
something.
1 Build /bɪld ˈmʌsl/ Phrase Xây dựng To engage in Weightlifting is
9 Muscle cơ bắp activities that an effective way
promote the to build muscle.
growth and
strengthening
of muscles.
2 Take a Class /teɪk ə klæs/ Phrase Tham gia To participate She decided to
0 một lớp in an take a class in
học organized kickboxing.
educational
session or
course.
2 Consume /kənˈsuːm/ Verb Tiêu thụ To use up or It's important to
1 take in, consume a
especially balanced diet.
referring to
food or
resources.
2 Floss /flɔːs/ Verb Xỉa răng To clean Dentists
2 between the recommend
 teeth using flossing daily for
dental floss, a oral health.
thin piece of
string or tape.
2 Maintain /meɪnˈteɪn/ Verb Duy trì To keep in a Regular exercise
3 specified helps maintain
condition, good health.
typically in
terms of
cleanliness or
functionality.
2 Apply /əˈplaɪ/ Verb Áp dụng To put to use She decided to
4 for a apply the
particular principles of
purpose; to mindfulness in
implement or her daily life.
utilize.
2 Remove /rɪˈmuːv/ Verb Loại bỏ To take away It's important to
5 or eliminate remove obstacles
something in your fitness
from a journey.
particular
place or
position.
2 Raise /reɪz əˈwɛr.nɪs/ Phrase Tăng To increase The campaign
6 Awareness cường nhận knowledge or aims to raise
thức understanding awareness about
of a particular mental health.
issue or cause.
2 Manage /ˈmænɪdʒ jʊər Phrase Quản lý To handle or Learning to
7 Your Stress strɛs/ căng thẳng deal with manage your
của bạn factors that stress is essential
cause mental for overall well-
or emotional being.
strain.
2 Eat a /iːt ə ˈbælənst Phrase Ăn một chế To consume a A balanced diet is
8 Balanced daɪət/ độ ăn uống variety of crucial for
Diet cân bằng foods in maintaining good
appropriate health.
proportions to
meet
nutritional
needs.
2 Spend Time /spɛnd taɪm Phrase Dành thời To allocate Spending time
9 Outdoors ˌaʊtˈdɔrz/ gian ngoài time for outdoors has
trời activities in numerous health
the open air, benefits.
such as hiking
or gardening.
3 Get Enough /ɡɛt ɪˈnʌf sliːp/ Phrase Ngủ đủ To obtain the It's essential to
0 Sleep recommended get enough sleep
 amount of for optimal
restful sleep health.
for overall
well-being.
3 Meditate /ˈmɛdɪteɪt / Verb Thiền hoặc To engage in Many people find
1 tập yoga mindfulness it beneficial to
practices that meditate for
promote stress relief.
mental and
physical well-
being.
3 Join a Gym /dʒɔɪn ə dʒɪm/ Phrase Tham gia To become a She decided to
2 một phòng member of a join a gym to stay
tập thể dục fitness facility active.
or center
equipped with
exercise
equipment.
3 Nutrition /nuːˈtrɪʃən/ Noun Dinh The process of Good nutrition is
3 dưỡng providing or essential for
obtaining the overall well-
food being.
necessary for
health and
growth.
3 Do Yoga / duː ˈjoʊɡə// Noun Tập the practice of I do yoga twice a
4 Yoga yoga, a week.
holistic
discipline that
combines
physical
postures,
breath control,
meditation,
and ethical
principles.
3 Immune /ɪˈmjuːn Noun Hệ thống The bodily Regular exercise
5 System ˈsɪstəm/ miễn dịch system that supports a
protects the healthy immune
body from system.
foreign
substances,
infections, and
diseases.
3 Life /laɪf ɪk Noun Tuổi thọ The average Improving
6 Expectancy ˈspɛktənsi/ trung bình period a lifestyle habits
person is can contribute to
expected to a longer life
live, based on expectancy.
statistical
data.
3 Prescription /prɪˈskrɪpʃən Noun Thuốc theo Medications It's important to
7 Medicine ˈmɛdɪsɪn/ đơn that are take prescription
dispensed medicine as
based on a directed by your
doctor's doctor.
written order
or
prescription.
3 Longevity /lɒnˈdʒɛvəti/ Noun Sự trường The quality of Healthy habits
8 thọ having a long contribute to the
duration of longevity of an
life; long life. individual.
3 Meditation /ˌmɛdɪˈteɪʃən/ Noun Thiền The practice Meditation is
9 of focusing known for its
one's mind for positive impact
relaxation, on mental well-
concentration, being.
or spiritual
awareness.
4 Remedy /ˈrɛmədi/ Noun Phương A solution or Drinking plenty
0 thuốc treatment for a of water is a
problem or natural remedy
ailment; to for dehydration.
solve or
alleviate.
4 Obesity /oʊˈbisəti/ Noun Béo phì The condition Obesity is a
1 of being major risk factor
significantly for various health
overweight, issues.
often to the
point of
adversely
affecting
health.
4 Precaution /prɪˈkɔːʒən/ Noun Biện pháp A measure Wearing a helmet
2 đề phòng taken in is a precaution
advance to for cycling safety.
prevent harm
or ensure
safety; a
preventive
action.
4 Stress-Free /strɛs friː/ Adjectiv Không Without stress A stress-free
3 e căng thẳng or anxiety; a environment
state of calm promotes overall
and well-being.
relaxation.
4 Workout /ˈwɜːrkˌaʊt/ Noun Bài tập A session of She starts her day
4 physical with a morning
exercise, workout.
typically in a
 gym or fitness
setting.
4 Ageing /ˈeɪdʒɪŋ Noun Quá trình The natural Understanding
5 Process ˈproʊsɛs/ lão hóa and gradual the ageing
changes that process is
occur in an important for
organism as it healthy aging.
grows older.
4 Preventive /prɪˈvɛntɪv/ Adjectiv Phòng Intended to Vaccination is a
6 e ngừa prevent or preventive
hinder measure against
something certain diseases.
undesirable
from
happening.
4 Treatment /ˈtriːtmənt/ Noun Điều trị The act, Early treatment is
7 manner, or crucial for the
method of success of
handling or medical
dealing with interventions.
something,
especially a
medical
condition.
4 Examine /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/ Verb Kiểm tra To inspect or The doctor will
8 scrutinize examine your
something overall health
carefully to during the check-
assess its up.
condition or
nature.
4 Infectious /ɪnˈfɛkʃəs/ Adjectiv Truyền Likely to Proper hygiene
9 e nhiễm spread or practices help
transmit prevent infectious
disease; diseases.
capable of
causing
infection.
5 Therapy /ˈθɛrəpi/ Noun Phương The treatment Physical therapy
0 pháp điều of mental or is often
trị physical recommended for
disorders rehabilitation
through after an injury.
various
methods and
techniques.

PHẦN 1:
BÀI 1.1: GHÉP 10 TỪ ĐẦU TIÊN VÀO CHỖ TRỐNG ĐỂ HOÀN THÀNH CỤM TỪ PHÙ HỢP
1. ___________ + news/trends/technology/updates
 2. Lift/free/heavy/light + ___________
3. ___________+ session/speed/incline/workout
4. Make/Track/Monitor/Assess/Accelerate + ___________
5. Latest/Internet/Diet/Fashion + ___________
6. Certified/Professional/Experienced + ___________
7. Gradually/Effectively/Quickly + ___________
8. Physical/Cardio/Overall/Holistic + ___________
9. Mental/Emotional/Financial / Holistic + ___________
10. ___________+ class/studio/instructor/exercises
BÀI 1.2: ĐIỀN 10 TỪ ĐẦU TIÊN VÀO CHỖ TRỐNG
1. Many people enjoy using _______ as part of their strength training routine.
2. The _______ trends in technology have greatly influenced the fitness industry.
3. Dance-based workouts have become the latest _______ in the world of fitness.
4. Tracking your fitness _______ is crucial for staying motivated and achieving your goals.
5. The _______ in athleisure wear combines style and functionality for workout attire.
6. _______ is a holistic approach to health that emphasizes overall well-being.
7. Running or walking on a _______ is a popular choice for cardio workouts at home or in the gym.
8. _______ is a form of exercise that focuses on improving flexibility and core strength.
9. Hiring a _______ can provide personalized guidance and motivation in your fitness journey.
10. _______ is not just about physical health but also encompasses mental and emotional wellness.
PHẦN 2:
BÀI 2.1: GHÉP 10 TỪ ĐẦU TIÊN VÀO CHỖ TRỐNG ĐỂ HOÀN THÀNH CỤM TỪ PHÙ HỢP
1. ___________ + achieve/accomplish/solve
2. ___________ + music/song/videos/images
3. ___________ + quickly/ effectively/strategically
4. ___________ + progress/changes/movement/data
5. ___________ + fruits/skills/music genres
6. Take/Teach/Attend/Complete + ___________
7. Design/Create/Upgrade + ___________
8. Yoga/Floor/Welcome + ___________
9. Collectible/Metal/Limited edition + ___________
10. Earn/Accumulate/Receive/Redeem + ___________
BÀI 2.2: ĐIỀN 10 TỪ ĐẦU TIÊN VÀO CHỖ TRỐNG
1. To get in shape and improve your strength, you need to _______ consistently.
2. Many fitness apps offer virtual _______ to encourage users to stay active.
3. Achieving fitness goals often comes with various _______ and recognition.
4. Use a fitness _______ to perform exercises comfortably at home.
5. _______ your progress by keeping a record of your workouts.
 6. Earn virtual _______ as a motivation for completing fitness challenges.
7. There are different _______ for tracking your calories, steps, and workouts.
8. Want to learn new exercises? _______ a fitness app and follow guided workouts.
9. If you want to enhance your physique, focus on a _______ training routine.
10. _______ a fitness app and explore a range of workout routines.
PHẦN 3:
BÀI 3.1: GHÉP 10 TỪ ĐẦU TIÊN VÀO CHỖ TRỐNG ĐỂ HOÀN THÀNH CỤM TỪ PHÙ HỢP
1. Raise/Increase/Spread + ___________
2. ___________ + a balance/focus/relationships
3. Maintain/Eat/Follow/Adopt + ___________
4. ___________ + calories/food/nutrients/caffeine
5. Experience/Manage/Relieve/Reduce + ___________
6. ___________ + obstacles/stains/makeup/viruses
7. Get/Ensure/Need + ___________
8. ___________+ regularly/daily/between teeth/up and down
9. ___________+ wisely/in solitude/outdoors/with loved ones
10. ___________+ skills/theory/knowledge/makeup
BÀI 3.2: ĐIỀN 10 TỪ ĐẦU TIÊN VÀO CHỖ TRỐNG
1. It's important to _______ daily for optimal dental care.
2. To support your overall health, ensure you _______ a variety of nutrient-rich foods.
3. Achieving well-being involves not just exercise but also the need to _______.
4. Enhance your mental health by regularly _______ in natural surroundings.
5. _______ unhealthy habits from your lifestyle to improve your well-being.
6. _______ a positive mindset to effectively cope with life's challenges.
7. _______ proper oral hygiene practices for healthy teeth and gums.
8. _______ sunscreen when spending time outdoors to protect your skin.
9. Make it a priority to _______ a consistent sleep schedule for better health.
10. As a responsible individual, strive to _______ about important social issues.
PHẦN 4:
BÀI 4.1: GHÉP 10 TỪ ĐẦU TIÊN VÀO CHỖ TRỐNG ĐỂ HOÀN THÀNH CỤM TỪ PHÙ HỢP
1. Plant-based/Healthy/Balanced + ___________
2. ___________+ deeply/for stress relief/on inner peace
3. Boost/Weaken/Protect/Support + ___________
4. Home/Natural/Effective + ___________
5. Take/Administer/Prescribe + ___________
6. Average/High/Low/Healthy + ___________
7. Corporate/Healthy + ___________
8. Attend/Join/Visit + ___________
9. Practice/Do/Teach/Engage in + ___________
10. Deep/Focused/Relaxation/Morning + ___________
BÀI 4.2: ĐIỀN 10 TỪ ĐẦU TIÊN VÀO CHỖ TRỐNG
1. To alleviate common ailments, individuals may seek a natural _______.
 2. In some cases, doctors may prescribe _______ to address specific health conditions.
3. Engaging in activities like yoga can contribute to a lifestyle that promotes _______.
4. Deciding to regularly _______ can enhance both physical and mental well-being.
5. Factors such as diet and exercise can influence overall _______.
6. Incorporating mindfulness practices like daily _______ can benefit mental health.
7. Managing stress is essential for maintaining a strong _______.
8. Prioritizing a balanced and nutritious diet is crucial for overall _______.
9. Regular _______ can be a helpful tool for maintaining mental clarity.
10. Taking a step towards better physical health may involve deciding to _______.
PHẦN 5:
BÀI 5.1: GHÉP 10 TỪ ĐẦU TIÊN VÀO CHỖ TRỐNG ĐỂ HOÀN THÀNH CỤM TỪ PHÙ HỢP
1. ___________ + measures/action/strategies
2. Physical/Behavioral/Holistic + ___________
3. Slow down/Accelerate/Manage + ___________
4. Discontinue/ Complete /Undergo/Monitor + ___________
5. ___________ + environment/lifestyle/day/atmosphere
6. ___________ + epidemic/rates/prevention
7. ___________ + evidence/documents/patients
8. Cardio/Home/Intense/Full-body + ___________
9. ___________ + disease/agent/symptoms/risk
10. Take/Implement/Follow + ___________
BÀI 5.2: ĐIỀN 10 TỪ ĐẦU TIÊN VÀO CHỖ TRỐNG
1. Vaccines are crucial in preventing the spread of _______ diseases.
2. Physical and mental health can benefit from various forms of _______.
3. When addressing a health issue, a healthcare professional may recommend a specific _______ plan.
4. The rise in sedentary lifestyles has contributed to the increasing rates of _______.
5. The _______ is a natural part of life, and healthy habits can ease its effects.
6. Taking _______ such as wearing masks can help reduce the risk of illness.
7. Regular medical check-ups are essential to _______ and detect potential health issues.
8. Incorporating a regular exercise routine into your lifestyle is key to a _______ life.
9. Striving for a _______ environment can positively impact mental and physical well-being.
10. _______ measures, such as vaccinations, can help avoid certain health conditions.
 MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ - RELATIVE CLAUSES
A. LÍ THUYẾT
I. Định nghĩa
Mệnh đề quan hệ là mệnh đề phụ được nối với mệnh đề chính bởi các đại từ quan hệ (who, whom, whose,
which, that) hay các trạng từ quan hệ như (where, when, why). Mệnh đề quan hệ đứng ngay đằng sau
danh từ, đại từ trong mệnh đề chính để bổ sung ý nghĩa cho danh từ, đại từ ấy, phân biệt danh từ, đại từ ấy
với các danh từ, đại từ khác. Chức năng của nó giống như một tính từ, do vậy nó còn được gọi là mệnh đề
tính ngữ.

II. Các loại đại từ quan hệ

1. Who
Là đại từ quan hệ chỉ người, đứng sau danh từ chỉ người để làm chủ ngữ (subject) hoặc tân ngữ (object)
cho động từ đứng sau nó. Theo sau who là chủ ngữ hoặc là động từ.
Ví dụ:
The man who is waiting for the bus is my English teacher.
 (theo sau who là động từ  who đóng vai trò làm chủ ngữ)
The man who I met on the bus yesterday is Phuong's father.
(theo sau who là chủ ngữ  who đóng vai trò làm tân ngữ)
1. Người giáo viên dạy tiếng anh thật là đẹp trai
↦ ___________________________________________
2. Khôi sẽ đấm những đứa học sinh mà không học bài cũ
↦ ___________________________________________
3. Những đứa học sinh mà Khôi dạy đều giỏi
↦ ___________________________________________
Vocabulary :
Truly (adv) : thật sự
Punch (v) : đấm
Xem lại (v): review
Bài cũ (np): old lessons
Đều ( adv): all
2. Whom
Là đại từ quan hệ chỉ người, đứng sau danh từ chỉ người để làm tân ngữ (object) cho động từ đứng sau nó.
Theo sau whom là chủ ngữ.
Ví dụ:
The man who(m) I met on the bus yesterday is Phuong's father.
 (theo sau whom là chủ ngữ whom đóng vai trò làm tân ngữ)
1. Cô ta là người đàn bà duy nhất mà anh ấy yêu.
↦ ______________________________________________________________
2. Cô ta chỉ yêu những người đàn ông mà cô ta nghĩ rằng cô ta có thể lợi dụng.
↦ ______________________________________________________________
Vocabulary: Lợi dụng: take advantage of
NHƯ VẬY:
Cả who và whom đều là đại từ quan hệ chỉ người, đứng sau danh từ chỉ người. Nhưng who làm cả chủ
ngữ và tân ngữ cho động từ đứng sau nó còn whom chỉ làm tân ngữ cho động từ sau nó mà thôi.
3. Which
Là đại từ quan hệ chỉ vật, sự vật, sự việc làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ cho động từ sau nó. Theo sau which
có thể là một động từ hoặc một chủ ngữ.
Ví dụ:
I am reading the book which was written by a famous writer.
 (theo sau which là động từ  which đóng vai trò làm chủ ngữ)
I am reading the book which you gave me on my birthday.
 (theo sau which là chủ ngữ  which đóng vai trò làm tân ngữ)
1. Tôi rất yêu thích những cuốn sách mang lại cho tôi niềm vui
↦ ______________________________________________________________
2. Những bộ phim mà tôi yêu thích rất cảm động
↦ ______________________________________________________________
3. Cái ghế bị gãy ở nhà bếp là của ông nhà hàng xóm
↦ ______________________________________________________________
Vocabulary:
Mang ai đó niềm vui (vp) : bring Sb joy
Cảm động ( adj ) romantic
Gãy, vỡ (v) break
Của ai đó, thuộc về (v) belong to
ông hàng xóm : neighbor
4. That
Là đại từ quan hệ chỉ cả người lẫn vật, có thể được dùng thay cho Who, Whom, Which trong mệnh đề
quan hệ thuộc loại mệnh đề xác định (Restricted Clause).
a. Luôn dùng that trong những trường hợp sau
+ Dùng that thay thế cho những danh từ chỉ cả người lẫn vật
Ví dụ:
I saw her and her dog that were walking in the park.
1. The man and the dog went missing for a week. The police has found the man and the dog.
↦ ____________________________________________________________________________
+ Dùng that sau các đại từ bất định (someone/body, no one/body, everyone/body, anyone/body;
something, everything, anything, nothing) hoặc sau all/much/none, little...
Ví dụ:
My father is the one that I admire most.
All that is mine is yours.
1. Mọi thứ mà anh ta nói với tôi là dối trá
↦ ____________________________________________________________________________
Vocabulary: a lie: một sự dối trá

+ Dùng that sau dạng so sánh nhất

Ví dụ:
My mother is the most beautiful woman that I have ever known.
2. Khôi là người đàn ông đẹp trai nhất tôi từng gặp
↦ ____________________________________________________________________________

+ Dùng that sau các từ chỉ thứ tự như: first, second, next,... last, only
Ví dụ:
 You are the only person that I can believe.

1. Cuốn sách đầu tiên mà tôi đọc chính là “Đắc Nhân Tâm”
↦ ____________________________________________________________________________
Vocabulary: Đắc nhân tâm (title): How To Win Friends and Influence People
2. Cô ấy là người duy nhất mà tôi yêu
↦ ____________________________________________________________________________

+ Dùng that trong cấu trúc câu nhấn mạnh

It + be + thành phần nhấn mạnh + that + S + V
Ví dụ:
It was the book that my mother bought me last week.
It is you that I am looking for.
It is/was not until + time/time clause + that + S + V
(phải mãi tới khi... thì)
Ví dụ:
It was not until he was 40 that he got married.
1. Shella hid the book under the mattress.

↦ It _______________________________________.

2. Shella hid the book under the mattress.

↦ It _______________________________________.

3. Shella hid the book under the mattress.

↦ It _______________________________________.

4. Dating is not allowed until the age of 15 in Central and South America.

↦ It _______________________________________.

5. I began to think about everything at that moment.

↦ It _______________________________________.

6. I have to call on Monday to schedule an appoinment.

↦ It_______________________________________.

7. I have to call on Monday to schedule an appoinment.

↦ It _______________________________________.

b. Không được dùng that trong những trường hợp sau

+ Không dùng that sau dấu phẩy
Ví dụ:
She couldn't go to the party, that makes me sad.
A B C D
(trong câu này sai ở C vì that không được dùng sau dấu phẩy (,) nên ta sửa lại bằng cách đổi that thành
which)
+ Không dùng that sau giới từ
Ví dụ:
The music to that I am listening is very sweet and gentle.
A B C D
(trong câu này sai ở B vì that không được dùng sau giới từ (to) nên ta sửa lại bằng cách đổi that thành
which)
1. This is the shop in _______ I bought my bike.
2. She can’t come to my birthday party, _______ makes me sad.
3. We visited the orphanage, ________ we met the children, ______ were full of joy.
4. The university from _______ she graduated is known for its engineering program.

5. Whose
Là đại từ quan hệ chỉ sở hữu. Whose đứng sau danh từ chỉ người hoặc vật và thay cho tính từ sở hữu trước
danh từ. Whose luôn đi kèm với một danh từ.
Ví dụ:
I am studying with Tom whose father is a famous doctor.

1. The students will be awarded the present. The students’ reports are very valuable.
↦ ____________________________________________________________________________
2. The man works for my father’s company. The man’s daughter is fond of dancing.
↦ ____________________________________________________________________________
3. Carta has a sister. Her sister’s name is Juma.
↦ ____________________________________________________________________________
4. The university has a vast collection. I borrowed the book from the library of the univesity.
↦ ____________________________________________________________________________

III. Các trạng từ quan hệ

1. When
Là trạng từ quan hệ chỉ thời gian, đứng sau danh từ chỉ thời gian, dùng thay cho on/at/in + which, then.
Ví dụ:
- I still remember the day when my mother took me to school for the first time.
= I still remember the day on which my mother took me to school for the first time.
- May is the month when I was born.
= May is the month in which I was born.
- That was the time when he managed the company.
= That was the time at which he managed the company.

2. Where
Là trạng từ quan hệ chỉ nơi chốn, đứng sau danh từ chỉ nơi chốn, thay cho at/on/in + which, there.
Ví dụ:
That is the house where we used to live.
= That is the house in which we used to live.

3. Why
Là trạng từ quan hệ chỉ lí do, đứng sau tiền ngữ "the reason", dùng thay cho "for which”.
Ví dụ:
Please tell me the reason why you are telling me a lie.
= Please tell me the reason for which you are telling me a lie.
1. I'll never forget the moment __________________ I received my diploma.
2. The park __________________ we had our picnic was beautiful.
3. I don't understand the reason __________________ he left the party early.
4. Do you remember the year __________________ we went on that amazing road trip?
5. Tell me the hotel __________________ you'll be staying in Paris.
6. Can you tell me the reason __________________ they decided to move to a different city?
7. July is the month __________________ most people take their summer vacations.
IV. Các loại mệnh đề quan hệ
Có ba loại mệnh đề quan hệ:
1. Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định (restrictive relative clause)
Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước, là bộ phận quan trọng của câu, nếu
bỏ đi thì mệnh đề chính không có nghĩa rõ ràng.
Ví dụ:
- The girl who is wearing the blue dress is my sister.
- The book which I borrowed from you is very interesting.
2. Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định (non-restrictive relative clause)
- Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước, là phần giải thích thêm, nếu
bỏ đi thì mệnh đề chính vẫn còn nghĩa rõ ràng.
- Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định thường được ngăn với mệnh đề chính bởi các dấu phẩy. Danh từ đứng
trước thường là tên riêng hoặc trước các danh từ thường có các từ như: this, that, these, those, my, his,
her, your, our, their,...
- Không được dùng that trong mệnh đề không xác định.
Ví dụ:
- Peter, who is my boyfriend, is very handsome and intelligent.
- My father, who is 50 years old, is a doctor.
So sánh mệnh đề quan hệ xác định và quan hệ không xác định:
- John has a brother, who is a doctor
[ John chỉ có 1 người anh và người ấy là bác sĩ ]
- John has a brother who is a doctor
[ John có nhiều người anh và một trong số đó là bác sĩ ]
Xác định hàm nghĩa so sánh của các câu sau và so sánh chúng:
1. "Sarah has a dog which is a Labrador" and "Sarah has a dog, which is a Labrador"
2. “The cake, which was baked by my grandmother, was delicious” and “The cake which was baked by my
grandmother was delicious”
3. "The car which is parked in the driveway belongs to Sarah." and “The car, which is parked in the
driveway, belongs to Sarah."

3. Mệnh đề quan hệ nối tiếp

Mệnh đề quan hệ nối tiếp dùng để giải thích cả một câu, trường hợp này chỉ dùng đại từ quan hệ which và
dùng dấu phẩy để tách hai mệnh đề. Mệnh đề này luôn đứng ở cuối câu.
Ví dụ:
He sent me a bunch of flowers, which made me surprised.

V. Mệnh đê quan hệ rút gọn

Mệnh đề quan hệ có thể rút gọn theo bốn cách:
1. Using participle phrases (sử dụng hiện tại phân từ - V-ing)
- Dùng khi đại từ quan hệ đóng vai trò làm chủ ngữ và động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ ở thể chủ động.
- Ta dùng present participle phrase thay cho mệnh đề đó (bỏ đại từ quan hệ và trự động từ, đưa động từ
chính về nguyên mẫu rồi thêm -ing).
Ví dụ:
- The man who is sitting next to you is my uncle.
The man sitting next to you is my uncle.
- Do you know the man who asked me the way to the bank?
 Do you know the man asking me the way to the bank?
1. She is the woman who teaches English at our school.
↦ ____________________________________________________________________________
2. The boy who is playing in the garden is my nephew.
↦ ____________________________________________________________________________
3. They are the workers who will be constructing the new bridge
↦ ____________________________________________________________________________
2. Using past participle phrases (sử dụng quá khử phân từ - Vp2)
- Dùng khi đại từ quan hệ đóng vai trò làm chủ ngữ và động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ ở thể bị động.
- Ta dùng past participle phrase thay cho mệnh đề đó (bỏ đại từ quan hệ, trợ động từ và bắt đầu cụm từ
bằng past participle).
Ví dụ:
The students who were punished by the teacher are lazy.
 The students punished by the teacher are lazy.
1. The letter which is sent every month contains important information.
↦ ____________________________________________________________________________
2. The book that was written by Mark Twain is a classic.
↦ ____________________________________________________________________________
3. The cake that was being baked smelled delicious.
↦ ____________________________________________________________________________
4. This is the proposal that will be discussed at the meeting.
↦ ____________________________________________________________________________
3. Using "to infinitive" or "infinitive phrase" (for sb to do)
a. Khi đại từ quan hệ thay thế cho các từ có chứa số thứ tự như: first, second, next, third... last, only
và so sánh nhất
Ví dụ:
- She was the last person that was interviewed this morning.
 She was the last person to be interviewed this morning.
- She is the most suitable person who can take on this job.

 She is the most suitable person to take on this job.

My sister is the only person who understands me.
↦ ____________________________________________________________________________
Sarah was the next girl that was cheated by her ex-boyfriend
↦ ____________________________________________________________________________
b. Câu bắt đầu bằng: here, there
Ví dụ:
There is a good restaurant where we can eat good food.
 There is a good restaurant for us to eat good
food. Here is the form that you must fill in.
 Here is the form for you to fill in.
4. Using noun phrases (cụm danh từ)
Mệnh đề quan hệ không xách định có thể được rút gọn bằng cách dùng cụm danh từ.
Ví dụ:
- Mrs Flora, who is a rich businesswoman, will sponsor our competition.
 Mrs Flora, a rich businesswoman, will sponsor our competition.
- I live in Hanoi, which is the capital of Vietnam.
 I live in Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam.
LƯUÝ
Khi đại từ quan hệ đóng vai trò làm tân ngữ của mệnh đề, ta có thể bỏ đại từ quan hệ đó.
Ví dụ:
The dress which Trang is wearing is very nice.
 The dress Trang is wearing is very nice.
VI. Giới từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ
Trong văn phong trang trọng, giới từ có thể được đặt trước đại từ quan hệ. Tuy nhiên, ta chỉ đặt giới từ
trước hai đại từ quan hệ là whom (cho người) và which (cho vật).
Ví dụ:
The picture which you are looking at was painted by a famous artist.
 The picture at which you are looking was painted by a famous artist.
Chú ý:
- Khi giới từ đứng cuối mệnh đề quan hệ thì ta có thể bỏ đại từ quan hệ và có thể dùng that thay cho
whom và which trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác định.
- Khi giới từ đứng trước đại từ quan hệ thì ta không thể bỏ đại từ quan hệ và không thể dùng that thay cho
whom và which.
- Cách dùng của các cấu trúc mở đầu cho mệnh đề quan hệ: all, most, none, neither, any, either, some, (a)
few, both, half, each, one, two, several, many, much, + of which/whom.
Ví dụ:
- Daisy has three brothers, all of whom are married.
- I tried on three pairs of shoes, none of which fitted me.
- He asked me a lot of questions, most of which I couldn't answer.
- There were a lot of people at the meeting, few of whom I had met before.
VII. Cách kết hợp câu dùng đại từ quan hệ
Để kết hợp hai câu thành một câu dùng đại từ quan hệ, ta thực hiện theo các bước sau:
Bước 1: Xác định thành phần giống nhau giữa hai mệnh đề.
Bước 2: Đặt đại từ quan hệ ngay sau từ mà nó thay thế ở mệnh đề thứ nhất rồi viết mệnh đề thứ hai trước
xong mới viết mệnh đề thứ nhất.
Bước 3: Đại từ quan hệ thay thế cho từ gì ở mệnh đề thứ hai thì bỏ từ ấy đi.
Ví dụ 1:
The man works in the hospital. I told you about him.
Ta thấy thành phần giống nhau giữa hai mệnh đề này là “the man” và “him”.
The man là danh từ chỉ người nên ta dùng đại từ quan hệ who hoặc whom và đặt ngay sau the man, sau
đó ta viết mệnh đề thứ hai (bỏ him) xong quay lại viết phần còn lại của mệnh đề thứ nhất.
 The man who(m) I told you about works in the hospital.
Ví dụ 2:
The man was injuried in the accident. He is now in hospital.
Ta thấy thành phàn giống nhau giữa hai mệnh đề này là “the man” và “he”.
He là chủ ngữ của mệnh đề thứ hai nên ta phải dùng đại từ quan hệ who và đặt ngay sau the man, sau đó
ta viết phần còn lại của mệnh đề thứ nhất rồi viết sang mệnh đề thứ hai (bỏ he).
The man who was injuried in the accident is now in hospital.
Lưu ý: Câu này không thê viết là The man who is now in hospital was injuried in the accident.
Vì theo thứ tự của hành động thì hành động bị thương phải xảy ra trước hành động vào viện.

B. BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG

PHẦN 1:
Exercise 1: Chọn phương án đúng
1. The young man was released after the court was found innocent of all the charges against
him.
A. who B. who he C. which D. whose
2. Is that the same film we watched last year?
A. when B. which C. why D. who
3. The girl I borrowed the dictionary asked me to use it carefully.
A. whose B. from whom C. from whose D. whom
4. The first television picture John Logie Baird transmitted on 25 November, 1905 was a boy
worked in the office next to Baird's workroom in London.
A. which; whom B. who; which C. that; whose D. that; who
5. Joyce Bews, was born and grew up in Portsmouth on the south coast of England,
she still lives, was 100 last year.
A. that; in which B. who; where C. that; where D. who; that
6. The pollution they were talking is getting worse.
A. that BL about which C. which D. whom
7. Robert Riva, an Italian player used to play for Cremonese, now coaches the Reigate under
11’s football team.
A. when B. which C. where D. who
8. When I was at school, there was a girl in my class skin was so sensitive that she couldn't
expose her skin to the sun even with cream on.
A. where B. whose C. whom D. that
9. Unfortunately, the friend with I intended to go on holiday to Side is ill, so I'll have to cancel
my trip.
A. who B. whom C. where D. that
10. The new stadium, will be completed next year, will seat 30,000 spectators.
 A. what B. where C. when D. which
11. Blenheim Palace, Churchill was born, is now open to the public.
A. when B. where C. which D. whose
12. The man I introduced you to last night may be the next president of the university.
A. which B. whom C. whose D. why
13. Cathy is trustworthy. She's a person upon you can always depend.
A. who B. whom C. that D. ∅
14. Your career should focus on a field in you are genuinely interested.
A. which B. what C. that D. ∅
15. People outlook on life is optimistic are usually happy people.
A. whose B. whom C. that D. which
16. The girl dress you admire has been working for an export company since she left school.
A. who B. what C. whose D. whom
17. One of the people arrested was Mary Arundel, is a member of the local council.
A. that B. who C. whom D. ∅
18. The Titanic, Gsank in 1922, was supposed to be unsinkable.
A. whose B. that C. which D. who
19. The Newspaper is owned by the Mearson Group, chairman is Sir James Bex.
A. which B. that C. who D. whose
20. Genghis Khan, name means "very mighty ruler", was a Mongol emperor in the Middle
Ages.
A. whom B. whose C. who D. how
21. She has two brothers, are engineer.
A. whom both B. both who C. both of whom D. both whom
22. Extinction means a situation a plant, an animal or a way of life stops existing.
A. to which B. for which C. on which D. in which
23. The party, I was the guest of honor, was extremely enjoyable.
A. at that B. at which C. to that D. to which
24. Ann has a lot of books, she has never read.
A. most of that B. most of these C. most of which D. which most of them
25. We have just visited disadvantaged children in an orphanage in Bac Ninh Province.
A. located B. locating C. which locates D. to locate
26. An endangered species is a species population is so small that it is in danger of becoming
extinct.
A. whose B. which C. what D. who
27. Pumpkin seeds, protein and iron, are a popular snack.
A. that B. provide C. which D. which provide
28. He lives in a small town
A. Where is called Taunton B. which is called Taunton
C. is called Taunton D. that called Taunton

29. instructed me how to make a good preparation for a job interview.

A. Jonh Robbins to that I spoke by telephone
B. Jonh Robbins, that I spoke by telephone
C. Jonh Robbins I spoke to telephone
D. jonh Robbins, whom I spoke to by telephone,
30. The scientists on this project try to find the solutions to air pollution.
A. working B. worked C. are working D. who working
Exercise 2: Kết hợp câu dùng từ gợi ý
1. France is the country. The best wine is produced there. (WHERE)
.........................................................................................................................................................................
2.1945 was the year. The Second World War ended then. (WHEN)
.........................................................................................................................................................................
3. That's the hotel. I stayed there last summer. (AT WHICH)
.........................................................................................................................................................................
4. July is the month. Most people often go on holiday then. (IN WHICH)
.........................................................................................................................................................................
5. The books are very interesting. They were bought long ago. (WHICH)
.........................................................................................................................................................................
6. My uncle bought a boat. The boat costs thirty thousand dollars. (WHICH)
.........................................................................................................................................................................
8. He often tells me about his village. He was born in that place. (WHERE)
.........................................................................................................................................................................
9. The man is our English teacher. He comes from Australia. (COMING)
.........................................................................................................................................................................
10. I found a man's wallet. He gave me a reward. (WHOSE)
.........................................................................................................................................................................
11. This is the book. I'm looking for it. (FOR WHICH)
.........................................................................................................................................................................
12. The lady gave me good advice. I spoke to her an hour ago. (TO WHOM)
.........................................................................................................................................................................
13. Who was the last person who saw the young man alive? (TO SEE)
.........................................................................................................................................................................
14. Sai Gon Times was the only newspaper which appeared that day. (TO APPEAR)
.........................................................................................................................................................................
15. This is the second person who was killed in that way. (BE)
.........................................................................................................................................................................

Exercise 3: Viết lại câu bằng cách rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ hoặc lược bỏ đại từ quan hệ
1. The ideas which are presented in that book are interesting.
.........................................................................................................................................................................
2. She is a woman whom I told you about.
.........................................................................................................................................................................
3. He was the first man who flew into space.
.........................................................................................................................................................................
4. John was the last man who reached the top of the mountain.
.........................................................................................................................................................................
5. The song which we listened to last night was interesting.
.........................................................................................................................................................................
6. The sport games which were held in India in 1951 were the first Asian Games.
.........................................................................................................................................................................
7. The girl who was injured in the accident is in the hospital now.
.........................................................................................................................................................................
8. Stop the man who stole my wallet.
 .........................................................................................................................................................................
9. Sometimes life is very unpleasant for people who live near the airport.
.........................................................................................................................................................................
10. I was woken up by a bell which rang aloud.
.........................................................................................................................................................................
11. He was the last student who left the lecture hall.
.........................................................................................................................................................................
12. None of the people who were invited to the party.
.........................................................................................................................................................................
13. There was a tree which was blown down in the storm last night.
.........................................................................................................................................................................
14. The children who attend that school receive a good education.
.........................................................................................................................................................................
15. It was the first country which gave women the vote.
.........................................................................................................................................................................
16. I'll give you an address which you should write to.
.........................................................................................................................................................................
Exercise 4: Tìm và sửa lỗi sai

1. Why did Danny, whose totally unfit, decide to enter the marathon?
A B C D
2. Miranda still has trauma from the tragic accident, that took away her closest friend.
A B C D
3. The office furniture that was ordered last month have just arrived, but we're not sure whether the
A B C
manager likes it.
D
4. Mr. Smith whose car was stolen yesterday, is a professor.
A B C D
5. My uncle, was a businessman, was ranked the weathiest of the country.

A B C D
6. She was the first woman in the Philippines to elect as the president of the country.
A B C D
7. We should participate in the movements organizing to conserve the natural environment.
A B C D
8. Jack has won a jackpot prize, 10% of whom was donated to flooded areas.
A B C D
9. All her children have graduated from university, that is the reason for her to be
proud. A B C D
10. Mrs. Brown was the first owner his dog won 3 prizes in the same show
A B C D
11. Many of the pictures were sent from outer space are presently on display in the public library.
 A B C D
12. This class, where is a prerequisite for microbiology, is so difficult that I would rather drop it.
A B C D
13. The General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) is the name of a set of English qualifications,
A B
generally taking by secondary students at the age of 15 - 16 in England.
C D
14. Drying food by means of solar energy is an ancient process applying wherever climatic conditions
A B C
make it possible.
D
15. Salmon lay their eggs, and die in freshwater although they live in salt water when most of their
A B C
adults lives.
D

PHẦN 2:

Exercise 1: Complete each sentence using "who, which, that, whom, whose, where, when,
why".
Question 1: Is there a particular sequence in_________you have to perform these tasks?
Question 2: The other people_________live in the house are really friendly.
Question 3: They have two grown children, both of_________live abroad.
Question 4: The woman_________bike was stolen went to the police station.
Question 5: Tom travelled to a mountain_________is near the mountainous and remote town.
Question 6: I met a man with_________I used to work.
Question 7: What is the name of the boy_________lent Lisa the money?
Question 8: Cohen,__________short film won awards, was chosen to direct the movie.
Question 9: The house__________was completed in 1856 was famous for its huge marble staircase.
Question 10: Anyone__________is interested in the job must apply before next Monday.
Question 11: One of the boys kept laughing,__________annoyed Jane intensely
Question 12: Do you know the people__________live over the road?
Question 13: She had three lovers, none of__________knew about the others.
Question 14: Alison Jones and her husband David,__________live in Hartlepool, are celebrating
their golden wedding anniversary.
Question 15: I saw her and her dog__________were walking in the park this morning.
Question 16: Jurors,__________identities will be kept secret, will be paid $40 a day.
Question 17: Did you see the letter__________came today?
Question 18: The author__________you criticized in your review has written a reply.
Question 19: The Kingfisher group,__________name was changed from Woolworths earlier this
year, includes about 720 high street shops.
Question 20: He was very contemptuous of'popular' writers,_________he described as having no
talent.
Question 21: We're having a small drink party for one of our colleagues,__________is leaving next
week.
Question 22: Tell me the reason__________you were absent from class yesterday.
Question 23: She lived in Rome for a couple of years,__________she taught English.
Question 24: Bradford,__________Bren comes from, has a lot of good curry restaurants.
Question 25: That is the place__________we visited last year.
Question 26: This is the school assembly__________all pupils are expected to attend.
Question 27: The Wimbledon men’s final was the best game of tennis__________I’ve ever seen.
Question 28: She blamed herself for everything__________had happened.
Question 29: I know a restaurant__________the food is excellent.
Question 30: There isn’t a day__________I don’t feel rushed off my feet.
Exercise 2: Decide whether the clause in italics is Defining(D) or Non-defining (N). Write D
or N next to each sentence.
Question 1: The bus which leaves at 5. 30 doesn't stop at Cornwall... ______
Question 2: The food which was left was eaten the following day. ______
Question 3: His room which was small was filled with piles of old books. ______
Question 4: The bike which he wanted to buy was too expensive. ______
Question 5: These students who were late waited in the playground. ______
Question 6: The girl who was waiting was becoming impatient. ______
Question 7: Jane who was wearing a hat waited outside the room. ______
Question 8: My dog which was lying on the sofa had long pointed ears. ______
Question 9: Las Vegas, which is located in the State of Nevada,
is well-known for its casinos and night clubs. ______
Question 10: My uncle, who works for a market research company,
is now on a tour of South-East Asian countries. ______
Exercise 3: Combine each pair of sentences using a relative pronoun or relative adverb.
Question 1: My parents spent their summer holiday in Scotland last month. Scotland is in the
north of Great Britain.
=> Last year my parents ____________________________________________________________
Question 2: The man used to be a worker. He is sitting in an armchair.
=> The man_____________________________________________________________________
Question 3: I talked to the girl. Her car was broken down in front of the shop yesterday.
=> I talked to the girl ________________________________________________________________
Question 4: I've just read a book. It was called “Gone with The Wind”.
=> I've just read_____________________________________________________________________
Question 5: People live in Japan. They are called Japanese.
=> The people_____________________________________________________________________
Question 6: Sarah thought the man was her buddy. He was walking down the street.
=> Sarah thought___________________________________________________________________
Question 7: Our homemade cakes are made from selected raw materials in our confectionery by
master hand. They are served at the royal wedding.
=> Our homemade cakes, ____________________________________________________________
Question 8: Laura first went to Hanoi. Hanoi is the capital of Vietnam.
=> Laura _____________________________________________________________________
Question 9: Sheila is one of my best friends. I have known her for a very long time.
=> Sheila, _____________________________________________________________________
Question 10: The jungle is full of strange and unusual animals. The tribe are living in the jungle.
=> The jungle _____________________________________________________________________
Question 11: Mr Parker was interested in my project. I spoke to him on the phone
yesterday.
=> Mr Parker, _____________________________________________________________________
Question 12: The woman the Minister of Agriculture. She is making a speech.
=> The woman _____________________________________________________________________
Question 13: Mary was given a lot of information. Most of the information was completely
inaccurate.
=> Mary _____________________________________________________________________
Question 14: Volleyball is very good for health. It is a popular sport.
=> Volleyball,__________________________________________________________________
Question 15: There were a lot of people at her birthday party. She had met only a few of these
people before.
=> There were a lot of people________________________________________________________
Question 16: The mountain is the highest mountain in the world. It is called Everest. The
mountain, _____________________________________________________________________
Question 17: Michiko has gone through several earthquakes. He has lived in Japan for 10 years.
=> Michiko,_____________________________________________________________________
Question 18: Here is the assignment. You must finish it before going to the class.
=> Here is the _____________________________________________________________________
Question 19: She has come up with some amazing ideas. We can discuss them at the meeting.
=> She has come up with _______________________________________________________________
Question 20: The university guarantees accommodation in halls of residence. The freshmen can
live there.
=> The university _____________________________________________________________________
Question 21: A boy was injured in the accident. He is now in the hospital.
=> The boy _____________________________________________________________________
Question 22: There were some good programmes on the radio. None of the programmes I
listened to.
=> There were some good_____________________________________________________________
Question 23: The package reached me this morning. My father sent it yesterday.
=> The package_____________________________________________________________________
Question 24: Our school has a good laboratory. The students practice chemistry in this
laboratory.
=> Our school has____________________________________________________________________
Question 25: My sister is thinking of opening an eating-house. She is an excellent cook.
=> My sister,______________________________________________________________________________
Question 26: One reason was that the interview times were too short. The panel could not decide
who was the best person for the job for that reason.
=> One reason_____________________________________________________________________
Question 27: The parcel arrived in the post at 11 am. I was still at work then.
=> The parcel _____________________________________________________________________
Question 28: Students should get involved in environmental groups on campus. They are
concerned with the environment.
=> Students_____________________________________________________________________
Question 29: The girl solved the algebra problem. She was fully praised by the teacher.
=> The girl _____________________________________________________________________
Question 30: Jackson made no such mistake in the 1000 m. He had been disqualified from the
men’s 200m final after a false start.
=> Jackson, _____________________________________________________________________
Question 31: We drove past my old school. It is celebrating its 100th anniversary this year.
=> We drove ____________________________________________________________________
Question 32: Kate has gone to work in Australia. I used to share a house with his sister.
=> Kate _____________________________________________________________________
Question 33: Last week we visited the school. We went to school together when we were in
Atlanta.
=> Last week_____________________________________________________________________
Question 34: The hotel has been demolished. We spent our honeymoon there.
=> The hotel _____________________________________________________________________
Question 35: I still remember the day. My mother took me to school for the first time on that
day.
=> I still _____________________________________________________________________

Exercise 4: Combine the following sentences, using preposition + whom or which.

Question 1: The lady gave me good advice. I spoke to her an hour ago.
=> The lady_____________________________________________________________________
Question 2: I’ll give you an address. You should write to it.
=> I’ll give _____________________________________________________________________
Question 3: The picture is beautiful. She was looking at it.
=> he picture _____________________________________________________________________
Question 4: The movie is fantastic. They are talking about it.
=> The movie _____________________________________________________________________
Question 5: The song was interesting. We listened to it last night.
=> The song _____________________________________________________________________
Question 6: The man was very kind. I talked to him yesterday.
=> The man_____________________________________________________________________
Question 7: The man works in the hospital. I told you about him.
=> The man_____________________________________________________________________
Question 8: Who was that boy? You were with him this morning.
=> Who was _____________________________________________________________________
Question 9: The man sat next to me on the bus this morning. I got the news from that man.
=> The man_____________________________________________________________________
Question 10: The train was full of passengers and goods. We traveled on it.
=> The train_____________________________________________________________________

Exercise 5: Rewrite the following sentences, using a present participial phrase.

Question 1: That man who lives on the next floor looks very lonely.
=> _____________________________________________________________________
Question 2: The person who interviewed me asked me some very difficult questions.
=> _____________________________________________________________________
Question 3: I saw some people and some animals that were working on the farm.
=> _____________________________________________________________________
Question 4: The man who answered the phone told me you were away.
=> _____________________________________________________________________
Question 5: Over two hundred people who attended the funeral expressed their grief at her son's
death.
=> _____________________________________________________________________
Question 6: The person who did it was never caught.
=> _____________________________________________________________________
Question 7: Do you like the person who sits next to you?
=> _____________________________________________________________________
Question 8: More and more people are rejecting food which don’t come from local producers.
=> _____________________________________________________________________
Question 9: The boy who is playing the piano is Ben.
=> _____________________________________________________________________
Question 10: The people who are waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet.
=> _____________________________________________________________________

Exercise 6: Rewrite the following sentences, using a past participial phrase.

Question 1: They work in the hospital which was sponsored by the government.
=> _____________________________________________________________________
Question 2: The photographs which were published in the newspaper were extraordinary.
=> _____________________________________________________________________
Question 3: They live in a house that was built in 1890.
=> _____________________________________________________________________
Question 4: I come from a city that is located in the southern part of the country.
=> _____________________________________________________________________
Question 5: The ideas which are presented in that book are interesting.
=> _____________________________________________________________________
Question 6: The sport games which were held in India in 1951 were the first Asian Games.
=> _____________________________________________________________________
Question 7: The girl who was injured in the accident is in the hospital now.
=> _____________________________________________________________________
Question 8: I am writing this letter in response to the vacancy which is advertised on the
newspaper.
=> _____________________________________________________________________
Question 9: The house which was destroyed completely in the fire has now been rebuilt.
=> _____________________________________________________________________
Question 10: Our company is applying to these methods of working which were
established in the last century.
=> _____________________________________________________________________

Exercise 7: Rewrite the following sentences, using an infinitive phrase.

Question 1: The last person that we must see is Mr. Smith.
=>_____________________________________________________________________
Question 2: He was the first man who flew into space.
=>_____________________________________________________________________
Question 3: John was the last man who reached the top of the mountain.
=> _____________________________________________________________________
Question 4: My father is the only man who I can count on.
=>_____________________________________________________________________
Question 5: The last person who leaves the room must turn off the light.
=>_____________________________________________________________________
Question 6: This is the second person who was killed in that way.
=> _____________________________________________________________________
Question 7: The first person who catches the ball will be the winner.
=> _____________________________________________________________________
Question 8: Who was the last person who saw the young man alive?
=> _____________________________________________________________________
Question 9: Sai Gon Times was the only newspaper which appeared that day.
=> _____________________________________________________________________
Question 10: Marie Curie was the first woman who was awarded the Nobel Prize in chemistry.
=>_____________________________________________________________________

Exercise 8: Rewrite the following sentences as required.

Question 1: My brother has a pen friend. He has been writing to him for 20 years.
(whom) =>_____________________________________________________________________
Question 2: Sydney is the largest Australian city. It is not the capital of Australia.
(reducing the relative
clauses) =>_____________________________________________________________________
Question 3: John works with that other chap. I can’t remember his name.
(whose) _____________________________________________________________________
Question 4: The man who jogs regularly in the Botanic Gardens is swimming in his private
pool.
(reducing the relative clauses) =>_______________________________________________________
Question 5: The shark which was caught at sea weighs two hundred kilos.
(reducing the relative clauses) =>_______________________________________________________
Question 6: She was the fourth woman who finished the race.
(reducing the relative clauses) =>________________________________________________________
Question 7: The student wrote an outstanding paper. He was awarded a prize for it.
(using preposition + whom/which) =>____________________________________________________
Question 8: You should put the money in a savings account. It will earn interest in the savings
account.
(where) =>_____________________________________________________________________
Question 9: The car belongs to Mr Pike. Its brake is being repaired.
(whose) =>_____________________________________________________________________
Question 10: He collects the things which were thrown away everywhere.
(reducing the relative clauses) =>____________________________________________________
Question 11: We found the fifth person that survived after the earthquake.
(reducing the relative clauses) =>_____________________________________________________
Question 12: There was a tree which was blown down in the storm last night.
(reducing the relative clauses) =>____________________________________________________
Question 13: The children who attend that school receive a good education.
(reducing the relative clauses) =>____________________________________________________
Question 14: I must thank the man. I got the present from him.
(using preposition + whom/which) =>________________________________________________
Question 15: It gives me a good chance to improve my Italian. It has become a little bit rusty.
(which) =>_____________________________________________________________________
Exercise 9: Choose the best answer in the following question.
Question 1: She's one of the people______love to be the centre of attention.
A. which B. who C. whose D. whom
Question 2: They meet in an old house,______basement has been converted into a chapel.
A. whose B. which C. whom D. that
Question 3: There are lots of things______I need to buy before the trip.
A. that B. whose C. which D. whom
Question 4: I am writing in connection with the volunteer opportunities______on 10 November.
A. appeared B. which appearing C. to appear D. appearing
Question 5: Fraud detectives are investigating the company, three of______senior executives
have already been arrested.
A. whom B. whose C. that D. who
Question 6: The people______called yesterday want to buy the house.
A. whose B. which C. who D. whom
Question 7: Isobel,______brother he was, had heard the joke before.
A. that B. whom C. whose D. who
Question 8: Do you remember that nice Mr Hoskins______came to dinner?
A. which B. whom C. whose D. who
Question 9: His best movie,______won several awards, was about the life of Gandhi.
A. that B. whose C. which D. whom
Question 10: It was a crisis for______she was totally unprepared.
A. whose B. which C. who D. whom
Question 11: The Kingfisher group,______name was changed from Woolworths earlier this
year, includes about 720 high street shops.
A. whom B. whose C. which D. that
Question 12: We don’t know the person______donated this money.
A. that B. whom C. whose D. who
Question 13: We drove past my old school, ______ is celebrating its 100th anniversary this year.
A. where B. whom C. whose D. which
Question 14: He was the first director of the National Science Foundation, and he funded
science research with an annual budget______grew to 500 million dollars.
A. whom B. whose C. that D. why
Question 15: Modem office buildings have false floors, under______computer and phone wires
can be laid.
A. why B. where C. which D. whom
Question 16: Super Star's video tapes have all been packed up, waiting for the day______he
finds a new location.
A. whose B. why C. when D. where
Question 17: The name originated from the days______this house belonged to the local
policeman.
A. when B. why C. which D. whom
Question 18: The hall______you’re giving your talk has a really good sound system.
A. whom B. whose C. where D. which
Question 19: Jackson is the most good-looking boy______to this school.
A. to come B. coming C. has come D. comes
Question 20: We stood on the bridge______the two small towns of the London.
A. connected B. was connecting C. connecting D. connects
Question 21: The woman______in the hall expected to make a phone call.
A. waiting B. was waiting C. had been waiting D. waited
Question 22: Khrushchev may have been perspicacious enough to imagine the day______his
turn would come and he would become Special Pensioner Khrushchev.
A. when B. where C. which D. why
Question 23: The conference______by non-governmental organizations was about
globalization.
A. plans B. planning C. planned D. is planning
Question 24: Peter is the youngest person to______part in the race.
A. take B. taken C. takes D. taking
Question 25: The books______by William Shakespeare are interesting.
A. writes B. writing C. written D. wrote
Question 26: He was the only person to______there at the time.
A. have been living B. live C. have lived D. living
Question 27: The term track and field refers to athletic events______include foot races and
jumping and throwing events.
A. of which B. that C. in which D. where
Question 28: That was the week______we booked our holiday.
A. why B. when C. where D. which
Question 29: The citrus fruit______has been exposed to cool temperatures during maturation is
sweeter and more tender than those that have not.
A. whom B. whose C. which D. where
Question 30: There are times______I wonder why I do this job.
A. when B. where C. why D. which
Question 31: San Francisco, America's romantic city, has always been a haven for the artists and
writers______have left at least part of their hearts there.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. why
Question 32: The educated man is the man______expression is educated
A. whom B. whose C. when D. why
Question 33: Canada,______I spent most of my childhood, is a country of vast plains and heavy
forested areas.
A. in which B. when C. for which D. whom
Question 34: The title of the book is the name of the community______the author grew up.
A. when B. in which C. at which D. why
Question 35: Mistletoe,______is believed to have magic powers, is traditionally hung over
doorways during the Christmas season.
A. that B. whom C. which D. where
Question 36: I have never forgot the beloved school______I studied in.
A. which B. when C. whom D. whose
Question 37: The safe______we put our jewelry and other valuables was stolen by a group of
thieves last night.
A. whose B. in which C. whom D. why
Question 38: She was at the JW Marriott Hanoi______I was telling you.
A. on which B. to which C. at which D. about which
Question 39: Martin Stevenson,______children I have been looking after since I started the
university in London, is my history professor.
A. whose B. which C. that D. whom
Question 40: The day______I'm forced to give up my dream is a sad day for me.
A. where B. on which C. at which D. why
Question 41: The extent______the stock market is affected by the day-to-day pronouncements
of the President of the United States is astonishing.
A. of which B. where C. to which D. when
Question 42: Jack was the handsome person______I was talking yesterday.
A. on whom B. in whom C. with whom D. for whom
Question 43: In many parts of the world, the grass______is called vetiver is known for its
fragrant oil as well as its ability to prevent soil erosion.
A. who B. which C. whose D. whom
Question 44: David lives in the street______the houses are surrounded with lush lawns and
green gardens.
A. on which B. at which C. for which D. in which
Question 45: The moment______I learned the results of the art competition was one of the
worst times in my life.
A. when B. why C. where D. which
Question 46: The gorgeous picture______you are looking in the hall is very expensive.
A. on which B. at which C. in which D. for which
Question 47: He was the third man______in this way.
A. killing B. was killed C. to have been killed D. to be killed
Question 48: I have two sisters, both of______want to become an English teacher in the future.
A. whom B. who C. which D. where
Question 49: Dalat,______I paid a visit last summer vacation, is extremely magnificent.
A. whose B. which C. where D. that