SANDIP POLYTECHNIC,NASHIK

Question Bank Second Class Test

Subject Title : MEE 22625
2 Marks Question.
1) State the use of following.
i) Use of Bearing Puller:
1. Bearing puller is used to remove parts such as bearings, pulleys or gears from a shaft.
2. Bearing puller is used to put a new bearing on the shaft.
ii) Growler:
1. A growler is an electrical device used for testing insulation of a motor winding etc. for shorted coils.
2. A growler is equipment used for finding shorted turns of armature coil or stator / rotor windings.

2) State any four factors involved in designing a rotating machine foundation.

• Foundation size
• Machine type
• Dynamic forces
• Soil type
• Vibration isolation
• Resonance
• Settlement

3) Enlist routine test and type test performed on three phase alternator.
• Vector group test
• Power factor test
• Applied voltage test

4) List out the routine tests to be carried out on transformer as per IS-2026.
• Measurement winding resistance of transformer.
• Voltage ratio test.
• Transformer vector group test.
• Measurement of impedance voltage /short circuit impedance and load loss.
• Measurement of no-load loss and current (Open circuit test).
• Measurement of insulation resistance.
• Dielectric tests of transformer.
• Tests on on-load tap-changer.
• Oil pressure test on transformer to check against leakages past joints and gaskets.
• Polarity test.
• Phasing out test.
• High voltage test.
5) List the Internal faults in transformer.
• Open circuit
• Short circuit
• Ground fault
• Ground fault
• Shorted turns
• Transformer core fault.
• Insulation breakdown between winding and earth.
• Insulation breakdown between different phases.

6) List four agents which contaminate the insulating oil.

Water, Moisture in air, Dirt / Dust, Temperature.

7) List any four properties of insulating material.

High insulation resistance, Thermal conductivity, Dielectric strength,
Mechanical strength.

8) State the classification of insulating material.

Class Y: 90°C
Class A: 105°C
Class E: 120°C
Class B: 130°C
Class F: 155°C
Class H: 180°C
Class C: Above 180°C

9) State the factors affecting life of Insulating material.

4 Marks Question
1. Prepare trouble shooting chart of three phase induction motor.
2. List any four Internal & External causes for abnormal operation of 3ph induction motor.
Internal causes
These include defects in the rotor, uneven loading, misalignment, shaft bending, and problems
with the motor and load coupling.
External causes
These include over loading, single phasing, unbalanced supply voltage, locked rotor, phase
reversal, ground fault, under voltage, and over voltage.

3. Explain with neat circuit diagram Phasing out test on Three phase transformer to

determine.
To identify primary & secondary windings belonging to same phase is known as phasing out test.
Procedure: -
• Short primary & secondary winding of other phases expect the one under test.
• Connect voltmeter to secondary winding.
• A small DC current is circulated through the primary winding through switch.
• Now with the help of switch interrupt the DC supply instantly & repeatedly.
• Repeat the procedure by connecting voltmeter to secondary side to next secondary winding till
voltmeter
4. Prepare trouble shooting chart of transformer.
5. Draw the diagram of OC & SC test on transformer.
1. Open circuit test

2. Short circuit test

6. With the help of neat diagram, explain Dielectric strength test to be carried on transformer
oil.

• Sample Preparation: A representative oil sample is obtained from the transformer.

• Test Cup Setup: The oil sample is poured into the clean and dry oil testing cup.
• Temperature Regulation: The stirrer is activated to maintain a uniform temperature throughout the
oil sample, as per the relevant standards (often around 60°C).
• Voltage Application: The high voltage transformer is gradually increased, applying a steadily rising
voltage to the electrodes.
• Breakdown Voltage Measurement: The voltage at which a spark jumps the gap between the
electrodes, indicating dielectric breakdown, is recorded.
• Multiple Measurements: The test is repeated at least two to three times with fresh oil samples to
ensure accuracy.
7. Explain with neat circuit diagram short circuit test on single phase transformer.

• A short circuit test is performed on a transformer's secondary or high voltage winding to

determine copper loss, equivalent resistance, and other parameters.
• The test is performed at rated current condition, with low voltage applied to the secondary
winding with a variable ratio autotransformer.
• The test then measures the primary voltage and input power, and the output power to the short-
circuit is zero.
• The wattmeter measures the true input power, which indicates the full-load copper losses. The
product of the voltmeter and ammeter readings gives the apparent input power.
• From these quantities, calculations can be made of the resistive and reactive components of the
full-load equivalent circuit
8. Explain the methods of cleaning of Insulation.
The failure of insulation takes place due to absorption of moisture. Oil, dust, dirt, excessive heat,
vibration, over voltage and aging are the main reasons for failure of insulation.
I. Removal of loose dust
• The loose dust deposit over the surface of winding, in the ventilating duct in the ventilating
duct can be removed by applying compressed air at a pressure about 2.1 to 2.8 kg/cm² from a
portable vacuum cleaner.
II. Encrusted dirt
• The encrusted dirt or sticky dirt can be removed carefully with a hard wood, because the sticky
dirt blocks mainly the ventilating ducts.
• A metal scrapper should not be used because it can damage the insulation.
III. Oily viscous film
▪ The oily viscous film can be removed with a piece of cheese cloth.
▪ Use approved petroleum solvent. Don't use excess petroleum solvent which may damage
insulation.
▪ Remove the oily film by cloth.
IV. Cleaning with water
• Cleaning of electrical machinery with fresh water and detergent.
• It is the recommended procedure for cleaning H class insulation.
• The cleaning should be done as rapidly as possible.
 9. With a neat diagram explain the procedure to conduct Back-to-Back method on two single
phase transformers to find its efficiency.

• The Back-to-Back method, also known as Sumpner's Test.

• This is a procedure used to test the efficiency of two single-phase
transformers under full load conditions.
• The test involves connecting the primary windings of the two
transformers in parallel and the secondary windings in series but in
phase opposition.
• A variable voltage source is then connected across the secondary
windings, and the load current is gradually increased until it reaches the
rated current of the transformers.
• The efficiency of each transformer can then be calculated by measuring
the input and output power.
• Calculate the efficiency of each transformer using the following formula:
Efficiency = (Output Power / Input Power) * 100%
• The Back-to-Back method is a relatively simple and straightforward
procedure for testing the efficiency of two single-phase transformers.
• It is a valuable tool for ensuring that transformers are operating
properly and efficiently.

Observation Table

I1 Amp V1 Volts W1 Watt I2 Amp V2 Volts W2 Watt

….. ….. ….. ….. ….. …..
10. Describe vacuum impregnation method of varnishing with its neat diagram.

• Vacuum impregnation is carried out in a vacuum impregnation plant.

• It consists of a double jacketed vacuum impregnating chamber, top removing cover &
separate varnish storing tank.
• A compressor cum vacuum-exhauster which can create a desired pressure or vacuum by
using proper valves connected to the chamber.
• Varnish from the varnish tank is allowed to flow into the chamber till the varnish in the
chamber comes up to a level in which windings are completely immersed.
• When valve of varnish tank is closed. It will make the varnish to be forced in all the porous
(air packets) etc. spaces in the interior of the coils.
• The pressure is maintained for an hour.
• When valve of the varnish tank is opened and varnish is made to flow back to the tank
under air pressure till excess varnish also gets drained out. Then the valve is closed.
• Then the armature / stator is baked in the chamber at 100° to 110°C for nearly 8 hours, till
the varnish is completely dried out.