Practical Research 1

Learning from Others and Reviewing the Literature

What I need to know

Practical Research 1 develops critical thinking and problem-solving skills
through qualitative research. A research paper, basically, has five chapters, in
which Chapter 2 is the review of related literature.
A literature review is a summary of studies related to a particular area of
research. It identifies and summarizes all the relevant research conducted on a
particular topic. The literature review surveys scholarly articles, books, and other
sources relevant to a particular area of research. The review should enumerate,
describe, summarize, objectively evaluate and clarify this previous research. The
literature review acknowledges the work of previous researchers, and in so doing,
assures the reader that your work has been well conceived. It is assumed that by
mentioning a previous work in the field of study, that the author has read, evaluated,
and assimilated that work into the work at hand.
a.

Lesso Literature Review

n
1
Literature is an oral or written record of man’s significant experiences that are
expressed in an ordinary manner. It is conveyed directly or indirectly. Direct
expressions is in books, journals, periodic papers, and online reading materials.
Indirect expressions are not written or spoken at all but is mirror image of his
environment (Ridley 2012).
The Review of Related Literature is one of the main components of a research
study, specifically in the second chapter. It gives an overview of all the writings
relative to a specific topic (Prieto, Naval & Carey, 2017). Therefore, selecting the
right sources for the literature review is very important in producing a quality research
paper.

What’s In?
 In the previous lessons, you learned the importance of understanding the value
of qualitative research: its kinds, characteristics, uses, strengths, weaknesses,
specificity, and the feasibility of the study. A good introductory page is a baseline
statement of what and how a paper should go fluidly. However, a review of related
literature will strengthen your claims of a systematic, purposeful, and well-defined
research paper. In this part, you will be exploring the process or reviewing related
literatures.

What Is It?

A review of related literature is the process of collecting, selecting, and reading

books, journals, reports, abstracts, and other reference materials. The following
information may be collected:

1. Background knowledge about the problem and associated ideas.

2. Theories that give details of the presence of the problem and certain variables
that is connected to the problem.
3. Data that prove the occurrence and gravity of the problem
4. Detailed and broad results of related studies
5. Gaps and recommendations for additional study specified in related studies

The significance and rationale of related literature and studies is to find out the
similarities and differences between the past and present studies, to get ideas into
the critical and controversial aspects of the problem. It helps recognize and define a
research problem. It gives the researcher a background analysis aspect, which have
been studied. It guides the researcher on what to do on the mechanism of the
research methods; this also provides the thoughts to advance with the study until its
conclusion. It avoids redundant duplication of a study. Moreover, reading extensively
will enrich your background knowledge on your research topic that will enable you to
establish a good groundwork or course of your research endeavor.

Activity 1
Write on a sheet of paper a topic you are most interested to explore. Enumerate
at least three ways on how you will look for the information and data needed about
the chosen topic. Share important information that you would like to probe on the
chosen subject. For example, the topic is gender inequality among TVL (Technical
Vocational Technology) learners. What are you interested most? Is it the difference
in quantity of work? Is it the difference in quality of work? Alternatively, is it the type
of PPE (Personal Protective equipment)?

Analyse and Follow the example below.

 Follow the example and fill in your answers in the blank provided.

Introduction: What is the topic of my literature review?

Example: Gender Inequality among TVL Learners
Answer:
___________________________________________________________________
Topic Sentence:
Example: The number of learners, quality of work, quantity of work, and types of
PPE.
Answer:_____________________________________________________________

My sources (works to be read, analyzed and cited)

Example: Bagale, S. (2016). Gender Equality and Social Inclusion in Technical and
Vocation Education and Training. Journal of Training and Development, 2(Ii), 25–32.
https://doi.org/10.3126/jtd.v2i0.15435
Answer:
1.__________________________________________________________________
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2.
___________________________________________________________________
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3.
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Body: What are the main points/arguments of my sources? How are these points
supported?
Example:
Source 1: Bagale found out that more women are included in the traditional technical
vocational programs, whereas there is poor participation in non-traditional areas.

Source 2: Mustapha pointed out that there is gender imbalance in the technical
vocational field.
Answer:
Source1:
___________________________________________________________________
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Source 2:
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Source 3:
___________________________________________________________________
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Body: Similarities in (comparing) two or more of the articles:
Example: Bagale and Mustapha agreed that there are still gender inequalities in the
technical vocational field and that women are still concentrated in certain types of
area.

Answer:
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
__________________

Body: Differences in (contrasting) in two or more of the articles:

Example: Bagale and Mustapha disagree on the factors that contributes and are
affected by the gender inequality issues on technical vocational majors.

Answer:
___________________________________________________________________
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Conclusion: Summarizing
Example: This literature review was conducted to analyze opposing perspectives on
gender inequality among technical vocational learners.

Answer:
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Why is the topic of this literature review important and/or what should be the next
step of this study?
Example: Further research is needed to examine recent statistics on gender
inequality among TVL learners in the senior high schools of this division as
compared to others in this region.

Answer:
___________________________________________________________________
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Activity 2.

Using the baseline information, discuss the process of a literature review and its
need and purpose by supplying the synonym of the word/s enclosed in parenthesis
needed to make the statement true and correct.
1. A literature (go over) __________ is a summary of studies related to a
particular area of research.
2. When investigating a research topic, review only those that are directly
(connected) __________ to your specific point of study.
3. (Keep away from) _________ the temptation to copy paste everything you
find in the literature you have read.
4. Relate findings to previous (information) ___________and suggest areas for
further research.
5. Included in literature review are (space)_________ and (advice)
____________ for additional study specified in related studies.
6. Theories give details of the presence of the problem and certain (factors)
________ that is connected to the problem.
7. A literature is a/an (spoken) __________ or written record of man’s significant
experiences.
8. Some sources of direct (expressions) _________ is in books, journals,
periodic papers, and online reading materials.
9. The significance of reviewing related studies is to find out the (analogous)
_________ and (variation) _________ between the past and present studies.
10. A literature review (recognize) __________ the work of previous researchers.