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Transient Stability Add-On (TS) > Transient Stability Overview > Available Generation Control (AGC) Modeling
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Added in Version 19
Available Generation Control can be modeled in transient stability by defining an Area AGC model along with Generator AGC Controllers. The signals for
this structure are shown in the following image.
If a panic mode is entered due to HIGH frequency, this is the frequency in Hz BELOW which the
PanicHighOff Hz
system must fall to exit the panic mode
If a panic mode is entered due to LOW frequency, this is the frequency in Hz ABOVE which the
PanicLowOff Hz
system must recover to exit the panic mode
UpdateTime AGC UpdateCycle Time in Seconds. AGC signals are updated at this interval Seconds
Notes about the Area AGC Model
AGC update is done at user-specified interval of UpdateTime seconds (specificified in the AreaAGC). Within the numerical integration this is handled at the
start of each on each time-step and thus appears algebraic to the differential equations. When the update is done it performs the following steps
1. CalculateACE
2. Call UpdateAGCSignal on each generator in the area
3. Call RespondToAGCSignal on each generator in the area
This also requires an update of many other models which receive a MWReference input signal (such as Pref on most governor models), but this will be
discussed below.
For both there is also a Deadband applied so that if the absoluate value of ACE is less than the deadband, then the ACE = 0.0.
Then using this list of generators and summation, each generator responds to the ACE signal and the participation factor summation based on its AGC
Controller which will be described next.
0 (OFF) : means the generator is ignored for AGC purposes (its MWSetpoint remains constant)
1 (ON) : means the generator participates in AGC
2 (LOCAL) : means the generator normally does not participate in AGC, but during Panic Mode it will participate
3 (BASELOAD) : means it only participates if moving its reference pushes the generator back toward its initial value
AGCSetpoint
The AGCSetpoint model has the follow 5 fields.
Parameter Description Units
Mode Integer Value 0 (OFF), 1 (ON), 2 (LOCAL), or 3 (BASELOAD). See description above for details.
Integer Value 0 (No, use specific values), 1 (get values from case)
Default If value set to 1, then PartFact, Pmax, and Pmin will be obtained from the power flow input data
and stability record values are ignored
Integer Value 0 (OFF), 1 (ON), 2 (LOCAL), or 3 (BASELOAD). See description above for
Mode
details.
Integer Value 0 (No, use specific values), 1 (get values from case)
Default If value set to 1, then PartFact, Pmax, and Pmin will be obtained from the power flow
input data and stability record values are ignored
Length of time that the pulse up or down occurs. This should normally be less than the
PulseLength Area AGC Model’s UpdateTime. Thus the UpdateTime may be 10 seconds and Second
PulseLength is 2 seconds
When Area AGC Model enters panic mode, then you can increase the length of the
PulseLengthPanic Second
pulse.
Response of Generator to AGC Signal
Each generator then responds based on PartFactSum calculated. The following is pseudo code for the AGCSetpoint and AGCPulseRate models
The following images demonstrate how the MWSetpoint of the geenerators respond for the two types of AGC Controllers.
Passing the new MWReference Signal
The new MWReference will then be passed to the appropriate generator model to respond. This will depend on which generator models are defined with
the following precedence.
Taking a a MWReference signal an modifying a particular transient stability model is unique for each model. This is done by Simulator using algebra with
the following assumptions.
This makes the assumption that the AGC system is always trying to drive the system back to nominal frequency. It is important to realize that for some
models it is not possible to do this calculation. For example, isochronous governor models (Rselect=0 or R=0 on GGOV1 governor for example. Let's use
GGOV1 as an example.
Using these dependencies, the new value of Pmset and Pref for the GGOV1 model are updated as shown in the following pseudo-code.
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