YUP

OR
NOPE!
 STATEMENT 1
RESEARCH MUST BE HURRIEDLY
CONDUCTED.

NOPE
 STATEMENT 2
THERE SHOULD BE ENOUGH DATA
BEFORE CONDUCTING RESEARCH.

YUP
 STATEMENT 3
RESEARCH MUST OBSERVE A STEP-BY-
STEP PROCESS.

YUP
 STATEMENT 4
THE RESEARCHER MUST HAVE THE
FINAL SAY IN HIS OR HER FINDINGS.

NOPE
 STATEMENT 5
A PERSON’S OPINION IS ACCEPTABLE
AND CONSIDERED AS AN ANSWER TO
THE QUESTIONS ASKED BY THE
RESEARCHER.

YUP
 STATEMENT 6
ANY CONCERN OR ISSUE
CONFRONTED BY THE STUDENTS IS
RESEARCHABLE-

NOPE
 STATEMENT 7
THE CAUSES WHY STUDENTS FAIL IN
QUIZZES ARE WORTH RESEARCHING.

YUP
 STATEMENT 8
THE STUDENT-RESEARCHER MUST
READ LITERATURE RELATED TO THE
PROBLEM HE OR SHE IS STUDYING.

YUP
 STATEMENT 9
THE RESEARCHER MUST AVOID
LISTENING TO ANOTHER RESEARCHER
TO HAVE AN OBJECTIVE VIEW OF HIS
OR HER STUDY.

NOPE
 STATEMENT 10
THE STEPS IN CONDUCTING A
RESEARCH ARE PATTERNED.

YUP
 WHAT IS
RESEARCH?

Prepared by:
MARIA THERESA O. BUSCATO
Teacher in Practical Research 1
**a step-by-step process that uses a standardized approach in
answering questions or solving problems (Polit & Beck, 2004)
**is a continuous undertaking of making known the unknown
(Sanchez, 2002)
**an investigation following ordered steps leading to a discovery of
new information and concepts (Sanchez, 1999)
**a very careful investigation of something that purports the
contribution of additional knowledge (Bassey, 2000)
** a tested approach of thinking and employing validated instruments
and steps in order to obtain a more adequate solution to a problem
that is otherwise impossible to address under ordinary means
(Crawford, as cited by Alcantara &Espina, 1995)

RESEARCH
 systematic

empirical CHARACTERISTICS
OF RESEARCH objective

clear feasible
RESEARCH PARADIGM – is an outline that guides a
researcher in conceptualizing and conducting a research.
THE TWO ASPECTS ARE:

1. RESEARCH FOUNDATION (RESEARCH

PROBLEM, PURPOSE, SPECIFIC QUESTIONS TO
BE ADDRESSED, CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK)

2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY (Review of Related

Literature, Research Approach & Design,Data
Collection, Analysis Method & Conclusion)
 RESEARCH PROBLEM

**The researcher must look at a significant

real-life problem.
**Formulating a research problem requires
describing the undesirable situations
related to the problem and the needed
knowledge or information in order to solve
that problem.
 PURPOSE OF THE RESEARCH

**This describes how the study will fill the

“knowledge gap”
**To address the purpose, the researcher
must formulate necessary questions that
will help distinguish the significant points of
the research.
 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

**This maybe framed in a quantitative (how

much, how often, to what extent) or
qualitative (what, why, how) manner.
**The possible answers to the research
questions are the hypotheses, which will be
confirmed or rejected by the data
collected in the study.
 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

**describes how the researcher will

answer the research questions in a
credible manner
**RESEARCH METHODS are employed to
answer the purpose and gain new
insights to answer the problem.
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

**analyzes the existing knowledge

regarding the research topic
**identifies gaps in information that
may be addressed by the researcher
**important basis of the conceptual
framework
 RESEARCH APPROACH & DESIGN

**identifies what is the best means to

collect and analyze the data in the
study
**DESIGN is used to clarify & improve
the research problem, purpose &
question
 DATA COLLECTION

**gives the methods to determine who

will be the participants, how the
variables will be measured, and how
data will be documented and
collected
 DATA ANALYSIS

**consists of strategies and methods

that makes sense of the data to answer
the research problem and questions
 CONCLUSION

**summarizes the key results of the study

and discusses how these are relevant to the
research problem.
**addresses the hypotheses and
determines if they are rejected or
accepted.
**addresses the knowledge gap and
presents new insights into the problem
 member of the research team

identifier of
ROLES OF THE principal
researchable RESEARCHER investigator
problem (NIESWIADOMY,
2005)
subject/
respondent
evaluator of
research client advocate
findings during study
 IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH

1. Research provides a scientific

basis for any practice or
methodology in any field or
discipline.
 IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH

2. Research is undertaken for the

continuous development and further
productivity in any field.
 IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH

3. Research helps develop tools for

assessing effectiveness of any
practice or operation
 IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH

4. Research provides solutions to

problems concerning almost all
issues encountered in the different
areas of work
 IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH

5. Research impacts decision-

making.
 IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH

6. Research develops and evaluates

alternative approaches to the
educational aspects of any
discipline
 IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH

7. Research aims to advance the

personal and professional
qualifications of a practitioner.
**TO PRODUCE EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE
**TO ESTABLISH CREDIBILITY IN THE
PROFESSION
**TO OBSERVE ACCOUNTABILITY FOR THE
PROFESSION
**TO PROMOTE COST-EFFECTIVENESS
THROUGH DOCUMENTATION
GOALS FOR RESEARCH
 OUTLINE OF THE RESEARCH PAPER
CHAPTER 1: THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
A. INTRODUCTION, BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
B. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
C. SCOPE AND DELIMITATION
D. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
CHAPTER 2: THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
A. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
B. REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES
C. CONCEPTUAL/THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
D. HYPOTHESIS OF THE STUDY
E. ASSUMPTIONS OF THE STUDY
F. DEFINITION OF TERMS
CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. RESEARCH DESIGN
B. RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY
C. INSTRUMENT OF THE STUDY
D. VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY
E. STATISTICAL TREATMENT (Quantitative Design)
CHAPTER 4: PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND
INTERPRETATION OF DATA
A. PRESENTATION OF DATA
B. ANALYSIS
C. INTERPRETATION
D. DISCUSSION
CHAPTER 5: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND
RECOMMENDATION
A. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
B. CONCLUSION
C. RECOMMENDATION
THINK ABOUT THIS!