Professional Documents
Culture Documents
COURSE INSTRUCTOR(S):
M-F: 9:00 AM -4 PM. Students will be replied within a 48 hr. period after query is sent. Any
messages sent over the weekend will be replied until the Monday thereafter. (see online
guidelines for email etiquette)
Course Description:
This course seeks to provide a general understanding of theories in chemistry. Students are expected to
understand the theory of atoms along with the structure and behaviour of matter. General topics to be explored
include: nuclear chemistry, classification of the elements, forces of attraction between particles, the mole
concept, redox-reactions, general equilibrium concepts, kinetic theory and energy changes. Labs corresponds to
the topics covered in class and will follow the assessment format mandated by the CAPE exams.
This 3-credit course requires two and half hours of classroom or direct faculty instruction and three hours
out-of-class student work each week for approximately 16 weeks. Out of class work may include but is not
limited to: required reading, library research, written assignments, and studying for quizzes, tests and exam
Texts: Chemistry-The Central Science, Brown-Lemay-Bursten, Prentice Hall, 11th Edition, 2009
(Essential)
Course Rationale:
The course is designed to provide a general approach that integrates all the major areas in Chemistry.
The topics addressed provide the basis for greater comprehension of the entire study of Chemistry, a
study that involves many branches and applications. In addition, the rationale also incorporates a
greater view of enhancing the student’s ability to develop problem solving strategies and proper
reasoning skills.
Course Goals:
To provide a worthwhile educational experience for all students, whether or not they proceed
to study science beyond this level and particularly to enable them to acquire sufficient knowledge and
understanding to
a) comprehend a technological world and develop an interest in scientific situations
b) be prepared for employment or further studies in the sciences
c) understand and apply the scientific method in other disciplines and recognize limitations
d) develop abilities and skills relevant to the study and practice of science
e) develop accuracy and precision, objectivity, integrity, enquiry, initiative, insight relevant to science
f.) identify an overview of some key topics in chemistry
g.) demonstrate the link between these topics and the overall study of Chemistry
h.) develop proper study habits to assist students with the learning process.
i.) identify the relevance of Chemistry to broader concerns
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Course Objectives:
Upon successful completion of this course, students are expected to be able to:
1. Know the states of matter and identify both intrinsic and extrinsic properties of matter.
2. Know some of the historical background leading to the concept of atoms and molecules.
3. Describe the basics of atomic structure including: the periodic table, the Bohr Model, Quantum
mechanical model and electron configurations.
4. Explain the phenomenon of radioactivity in context of nuclear stability and balance nuclear
reactions.
5. Use Lewis structures to describe chemical bonding. Identify the various types of chemical
bonds, how they are formed. Describe molecular shapes using the VSEPR Model.
6. Identify the various types of intermolecular forces and explain how they affect the states of
matter.
7. Explain the concept of atomic hybridization using the Valence Bond Theory and describe the
formation of molecular orbital using the Molecular Orbital Theory.
8. Use the mole concept to perform stoichiometric calculations.
9. Describe oxidation and reduction in terms of electron transfer and identify oxidizing and
reducing agents in redox reactions. Balance redox chemical equation in both acidic and basic
conditions. Perform calculations based on redox titration data.
10. Explain the kinetic theory in context of the gas laws and perform calculations using the Ideal
Gas Equation.
Instructional Methods:
Methods of Instruction will include but are not limited to the following:
- Instruction will focus on materials presented and questions asked by the lecturer.
- Independent practice exercises will be provided from the text and compiled at times by the instructor.
- Frequent quizzes and scheduled tests will be given to assure that students are abreast with the
information taught in class.
Method of Instructions for Online classes will include but are not limited to the following:
- Face to face synchronous online Lectures: Instruction will focus on materials presented and questions asked by
the lecturer. This will be via google meet. Link is posted under the classwork section under the welcome tab.
❖ Asynchronous online Lectures: Instruction will focus on materials presented and questions asked by the lecturer.
This will be prerecorded and posted in google classroom. Student may need to view these lectures before
coming to class.
❖ Independent Practice Assignments that serve to keep student in line with the lectured material, some of which
includes group guided exercises.
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❖ Occasional in-class assessments in the form of quizzes and test to gather feedback on general deficiencies.
❖ Online quizzes and tests will be administered using google forms on google classroom or zip-grade online remote
learning option and will require student to log in on google meets during class or an allotted time during
asynchronous day. Or they will be administered live and student will upload image(quiz) and pdf(test) to google
classroom assignment using camera option or Cam scanner.
❖ Any projects will be submitted using google classroom under classwork tab.
Course Content
Unit 1: Chemical Calculations (4 Weeks)
- Formula & Formula Mass
- Percent Composition/ Formula of Salts
- Stoichiometry
- Volume of Gases
- Concentration of Solutions
- Titrimetric Analyses(Calculations)
- Types of Chemical Reaction ( Metathesis / Redox)
- Balancing Redox Reactions (Ion-Electron Method)/Calculations
- Metallic Bonding
- Intermolecular Bonding (Van Der Waal’s Forces)
- Bonding and Physical Properties
- Bonding in Solids & Liquids
- VSEPR Theory & Molecular Geometry
- Kinetic Theory
- Intermolecular Forces
- Properties of liquids
- Structure and type of solids
- Gases and gas laws: Ideal Gases
- Movement of gas molecules
- Real Gases
Tentative Course Schedule
August-December 2023
*Please note schedule below is subject to change.
Unit Topics Dates Chapter Assessment
Course Outline & Introduction 14/8
1 Chemical Calculations 3
Wk 1 Formula Mass & Molar Mass 3
- Converting between mass & moles
- Empirical & Molecular Formulae 3.4-3.7
Wk2 21/08 3
Gas Volume Calculations
Volumetric Calculations and Solutions (Molarity)
Calculations involving Dilutions
2 Introduction 1 Atomic
Wk5
- Matter: Classification & properties Structure
- Physical/Chemical Changes &
E-Poster
Properties
Atomic Theory : Dalton’s Postulates
Presentations
- Laws of Definite &Multiple
Proportions 2
- Law of Conservation of matter 2.1-2.3
-
Tentative Course Activities *Please note the description below is subject to change
Tentative Description of Assignments
● Review Worksheets: These review worksheets serve to prepare students for tested material and
will be based on Use of Knowledge (UK). Eight (8) assignments are scheduled for this semester.
Each assignment has point allocations based on the number of questions in the worksheet. The
content of each assignment will cover the topics mentioned above however the types of
questions in assignment may include, but is not limited to, multiple choice and structure
questions .Please find attached a sample worksheet at the end of this document. All other
assignments will be posted on the CLASSWORK SECTION on GOOGLE CLASSROOM. If you
notice, there is no percent allocated for assignment since most assignments might not be
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collected unless specified by instructor. You are still expected to do the assignments as these
will help to prepare for quizzes/tests.
a. Mole Concept and Stoichiometric Calculations
b. Calculations based on Redox- Titration data
c. Sub-atomic particles and Nuclear Chemistry
d. Atomic Structure; Ionization Energies and Line Spectra data
e. Lewis Structure and Types of Chemical Bonding
f. Valence Bond and Molecular Orbital Theory
g. Intermolecular Forces
h. Kinetic Theory and Gas Laws
● Home-work (Quizziz)
Graded assignments will be administered via the quizziz platform. Five (5) assignments are
scheduled for this semester. These assignments are to be completed before every test. NO LATE
assignments will be accepted.
● Quizzes, will generally include questions based on Knowledge and Comprehension (KC), as they
serve only as an indication of preparation and feedback, for the tests. These may or may not be
announced, therefore it is advised to review lessons taught before coming to the next class
session. Eight (8) quizzes will be administered this semester. Missed quizzes WILL NOT be
re-administered, regardless of the reason for your absence. Students who arrive late will receive
a zero if it is a quiz day. A maximum of two quizzes will be excluded from the final grade
calculation. This flexibility aims to accommodate students who may have missed quizzes due to
absence or arriving late, resulting in zero scores.
Online Quizzes: A minimum of Eight (8) quizzes will be administered. These will be administered
during synchronous or asynchronous classes. Either at the beginning or end of class. Missed
quizzes will not be re-administered, regardless of the reason for your absence. Any student who
arrives late on a quiz day will not be allowed to take the quiz and will get a 0. Late quizzes will NOT
be accepted. Quizzes that do not meet submission requirements will NOT be accepted. (Refer to
online guidelines for policies on late assessments and submission requirements). Quizzes given on
asynchronous days must meet deadline and submission requirements. If you experience any
technical difficulties follow technical difficulties requirements in online guidelines. If quiz is
administered live student will submit on time quiz in google classroom using camera or Cam
scanner.
● Tests will generally include 60% questions of the KC type and 40% UK. Five in – class (5) tests
are scheduled for this semester. ( For specific test dates, refer to the course schedule or when
instructor indicates the date). Point allocations are shown as an indicator of the partial weight
a problem may carry. Missed tests will only be re-administered with an official medical report
stating the cause of illness from a medical practitioner. Additionally, it is your duty to notify me
in advance, of your absence from a test. A missed test for no concrete reason merits 0%. Kindly
be advised that it is incumbent upon the student to promptly arrange a meeting with me
subsequent to any absence, accompanied by the requisite documentation. Please note tests will
not be returned to students. I will return tests for viewing and test will be available for the rest
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of the semester for viewing if needed. At the conclusion of each unit or during the final week of
classes, students will have designated times to meet with the instructor. These dedicated
periods will provide an opportunity for students to work through test questions and seek
clarification regarding any errors they may have made.
Online Tests: Tests may be administered on synchronous or asynchronous days. Student will be
required to log in to google meet with two devices on test days. (Refer to Online Guidelines for test
submission requirements). Tests will be posted on google classroom and student will be required to
upload completed test. No LATE tests will be graded. Tests that do not meet submission
requirements will NOT be graded. (Refer to online guidelines for policies on late assessments and
submission requirements) Missed tests will only be re-administered with an official medical
report stating the cause of illness from a medical practitioner. Additionally, it is your duty to notify
me in advance, of your absence from a test. A missed test for no concrete reason merits 0%.
(Please refer to test taking regulations under welcome section)
Instructional Video:
In assigned groups of 4 or 5, students are to create an original 5-10 minute video in which they are to explain
any topic in the course content of the class. The video can either be a skit, a parody or a musical. A sample
video is attached to Google Classroom. Video must be educational and related to the class content. This will be
a fun way for students to check knowledge attained. Video will be due Monday November 20th in google
classroom. All group members must be in the video not just as a voice overlay. Cartoons or animations may be
used but the video must not be entirely cartoons or animations.
Total
Category Scoring Criteria Points Score
The content includes a clear statement of purpose or 10
Content/Organizatio theme that is related to class content and is creative,
n compelling and clearly portrayed.
(65 points) Information is presented in a logical sequence. 5
A rich variety of supporting information in the video 10
contributes to understanding the project's main idea.
The introduction is compelling and provides motivating 10
content that hooks the viewer from the beginning of the
video and keeps the audience's attention.
Presentation contains accurate information. 10
Material included is relevant to the overall 10
message/purpose.
Appropriate amount of material is prepared, and points 10
made reflect well their relative importance.
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● Oral Presentation
During the semester students will do two live oral presentations. The first one is an atomic
e-poster and the second one is chemistry in real life.
Atomic Structure E-Poster Week 6 18/9-22/9
In their assigned groups, students will create an e-poster that features an assigned scientist and their
discoveries about the modern atomic structure. This will be presented to the class on Week #6 Sep 18th-22nd
or as soon as we finish Unit 1. The e-poster can be created in canva, genially, padlet or any other tool that a
student chooses to use. Once it is in poster form and not in power-point presentation form. Some
samples of e-posters will be provided.
The oral presentation must be a min of 10 mins and max of 15 mins. Only visual aid allowed is an e-poster with
pictures (models & experiments) and information. Oral Presentation must meet oral presentation
requirements. (refer to guidelines for oral presentation guidelines). Please note oral skills will be graded
individually and e-poster will be due in google classroom on the night before the presentation by 11:59 PM.
The order of presentations can be found below, each group is assigned the # corresponding to their
group #.
Please note under each topic key points have been included that must be part of your poster.
1.Democritus/John Dalton
● Brief explanation on how Democritus contributed to the atomic theory include dates
● Brief Explanation on John Dalton’s background
● Explain in detail Dalton’s 5 postulates and explain which are still accurate and which are inaccurate
which have been modified
● Include all relevant dates
2. John Dalton
● Explain why is he considered the father of the atomic theory?
● Explain fully with useful examples the three Atomic Laws.
● Model of first atomic model proposed; describe in detail why this was the first model for the atom
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3. J.J Thomson
● Brief Explanation on J.J Thomson’s background
● Explain fully with all details how Cathode Ray Experiment worked and how it contributed to the
discovery of the electron
● Give all relevant information about the electron’s properties: mass, charge and location
● Include a brief explanation on the Oil drop experiment
● Explain fully how and why Thomson proposed the Plum Pudding Model
4. Rutherford
● Brief Explanation on Rutherford’s background
● Explain fully with all details how the Gold Foil Experiment worked and how it contributed to the
discovery of the nucleus.
● Explain full all conclusions and discoveries
● Explain fully and why Rutherford proposed the Planetary Model.
5. James Chadwick
James Chadwick/ Goldstein& Rutherford
● Brief Explanation on Chadwick’s background
● Explain in full Discovery of the neutron
● Give all relevant information about the neutron’s properties: mass, charge and location
● Give a brief explanation about the experiments used by Goldstein & Rutherford that contributed to the
discovery of the proton
● Give all relevant information about the proton’s properties: mass, charge and location
6. Neil’s Bohr
● Brief explanation on Neil’s Bohr background
● Explain fully and why Bohr proposed an Energy Level Model rather than the planetary model. Explain
the energy level model
In addition to criteria above the rubric below will be used to grade the quality of posters and oral skills. Poster is
worth a total of 62 points but will be graded out of a 100. Below find attached rubrics for e-poster and oral
presentation.
Oral Presentation Rubric [16 marks]
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Topics
1. Nanotechnology
2. Green Chemistry
3. Human Genome Project
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4. Nuclear Chemistry
5. Drug Resistant Bacteria
6. Neurochemistry
7. Climate Change
8. Renewable Sources of Energy
9. Food Chemistry
10. Development of Vaccines
Please note these are broad topics you can choose to zoom into a specific area or give us an overall
presentation about the topic. Please remember first come first served email your desired topic by October 13 .
If you choose a topic outside of the list provided you need to get approval from the instructor.
Total
Points
Category Scoring Criteria Scor
e
Organizatio
n
Information is presented in a logical sequence. 5
(15 points)
Technical terms are well-defined in language appropriate for the target audience. 5
Content
(45 points)
Presentation contains accurate information. 10
Material contains all required information and any other information included is 10
relevant to the overall message/purpose. Provide examples if applicable
Appropriate amount of material is prepared, and points made reflect well their 10
relative importance.
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Speaker maintains good eye contact with the audience and is appropriately 5
animated (e.g., gestures, moving around, etc.).
(40 points)
Delivery is poised, controlled, and smooth. 5
Visual aids are well prepared, informative, effective, and not distracting. 5
● Participation: participation grade will be based on three things: punctuality, attendance and
voluntary participation in class activities and during the lecture. A small notebook is required to
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keep track of attendance and participation. Participation and attendance will be monitored
during online session and all rules apply
Participation is calculated as follows:
50% attendance, punctuality, ID’s and dress code
50% Participation: Number of stars (A total of 40 points, might change depending on number of
class sessions, will merit full participation points)
What counts as participation?
I. Asking constructive questions to clarify and class content.
II. Answering questions asked by Lecturer.
III. Answer or workout questions on board.
● Reading Assignments: During the course of the semester, students will have to read different
sections of the textbook. It is the duty of the student to ensure the reading is completed the
information will be in quizzes and tests. The reading sections can be found in the course content
table above.
● Final Exam: The final will be cumulative and mandatory, regardless of your grade upon entering
the examination. Questions on the final will be of the type assessed on tests. You are
encouraged to keep a file of your assessments (quizzes, tests and assignments) as this will
facilitate preparation for your final and keep you posted with your course grade.
The following skills will be assessed in quizzes tests and exams: Knowledge and Comprehension (KC),
Use of Knowledge (UK).
**Knowledge and Comprehension (KC)
Knowledge: The ability to identify, remember and grasps the meaning of basic facts, concepts and
principles.
Comprehension: the ability to select appropriate ideas, match, compare and cite examples and
principles in familiar situations.
**Use of Knowledge(UK)
Application: The ability to use facts, concepts, principles and procedures in familiar and in novel
situations; transform data accurately and appropriately; use formulae accurately for computational
purposes.
Analysis and Interpretation: The ability to identify and recognize the component parts of a whole and
interpret the relationship among those parts; identify causal factors and show how they interact with
each other; infer, predict and draw conclusions; make necessary and accurate calculations and
recognize the limitations and assumptions of data.
Synthesis: The ability to combine component parts to form a new and meaningful whole; make
predictions and solve problems.
Evaluation: The ability to make reasoned judgements and recommendations based on the value of
ideas and information and their implications.
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At the beginning of the semester, students will be asked to express either orally or in written form
1. Their expectations for the class
2. Why they choose their major?
3. What they will do to succeed in the class?
After mid-semester report cards are distributed, students will be asked to answer the following
questions in a piece of paper at the beginning of class.
1. If you are failing, why do you think you are and what will you do to change that?
2. Are your study habits adequate for your learning style?
3. Do you think you should change your study habits?
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At the end of the semester, students will be asked to answer the following questions in a piece of paper
at the beginning of the class.
1. Were your expectations met?
2. What did you like or dislike about the subject
3. Instructor is opened to suggestions to improve learning environment.
Bibliography:
Advanced Chemistry, Michael Clugston & Rosalind Flemming. Oxford Press, 2000.
Course Expectations:
● As per the new norm students must wear mask at all times in class, practice social distance
and sanitize areas. If student does not abide by the above, they may be asked to leave the
class.
● Any student violating the dress code will be dismissed from class and will only be allowed to
re-enter class until dress code is appropriate.
● Students are expected to be punctual to class. A student that arrives late on a quiz day will not be
allowed to take the quiz or make it up. Quiz grade will be a zero. A student is late once the class has officially
started. If a student is not present at the beginning of the class period, he/she is late. A student who enters the
class fifteen minutes or more after the class session has begun is considered absent. Four lates constitute the
equivalent of one absence.
● A maximum of two quizzes will be excluded from the final grade calculation. This flexibility aims to
accommodate students who may have missed quizzes due to absence or arriving late, resulting in zero
scores. It is important to note that no makeup quizzes will be provided, regardless of the reason for a
student's absence.
● Students may not view or use a cell phone or other electronic communication device during
class sessions whether inside or outside the classroom, unless such use has been authorized by
the lecturer for a specific educational academic activity.
Students are discouraged from cheating on quizzes and tests. Plagiarism is to be avoided. Any
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Attendance Policy:
Regular attendance at each class session is expected to obtain maximum benefits from taking this course.
If you must miss a class session, please speak with the instructor ahead of time. Students are granted as
many absences from a course as there are credit hours. In this case, you are granted three absences.
Once a student meets the number of absences that is allowed, he/she will be issued a written warning, a
copy of which will be submitted to the Assistant Dean for Academic Affairs and will be placed on the
student’s file.
Students with poor attendance may be asked to withdraw from the course.
Attendance also represents active involvement in class discussions. The lecturer has the right to ask a
student to leave if the student appears generally disruptive to class lectures.
In the final analysis, proper conduct is expected from each student and the instructor reserves the right to
dismiss any student in the event such conduct is not met. This goes for students not following the class rules.
Online Guidelines
This portion of the document contains the different requirements mentioned in the course outline. Students
must adhere to all guidelines as these are part of the course expectations. Violation will be penalized.
1. General Guidelines
● Show respect- for the teacher , your classmates and yourself
● Be responsible- join sessions on time, complete assignments and activities on fridays.
● Be collaborative- work well with your group members to complete tasks
● Be present- be active and participate in your learning
● Look like a student who is ready to learn
○appropriate attire
○find a spot where you can be sitting up and paying attention
● Eating
○no eating but a light snack is allowed such as chips, fruit, cookies, etc.
○water/coffee can be sipped occasionally
● All communication to me and to classmates must be
o Respectful at all times
o Free from obscenities in any form.
o Free from derogatory remarks/innuendos
● If you are late to a class and quiz started already you will receive a zero.
● If you need to use the bathroom please excuse yourself and leave.
● If a student is present but has camera off instructor will warn verbally once.
● If a student keeps camera off for the duration of the class, students will be marked
absent and no participation stars will be awarded.
● Students can’t do a quiz/test with the camera off. If the camera is off the student will be
given a zero.
● If the camera is on but not angled properly to see the student properly, the student will be
marked absent.
0. Email Etiquette
● Respect is a must- I will not respond to any message that starts with hey or without a proper
greeting.
● Please check the tone of your communication- any request being made should sound like a
request, if there is any desire for it to be considered.
● The following guidelines must be used in any message sent to the instructor whether it is an
email or a comment on google classroom.
● Any email sent will be responded to within 48 hours as long as the greeting and tone are
appropriate. All communication is done only through google classroom/ email
0. Technical Requirements
● You need to
● Have an appropriate device with a camera and microphone for the google meet.
● Have adequate internet service that will allow you access since the attendance policy will be
enforced
● Camera should be on at all times- if it is off then you will be marked absent.
● Camera must be set so that the instructor can see clearly the face of the student. If the
instructor cannot see the student, the student will be marked absent.
● If a student experiences technical difficulties before class and is late, the student must notify the
instructor as soon as possible as well as provide screenshots/videos as evidence of the
situation encountered. Only with proper evidence, the student will not be marked late or absent.
0. Submission Requirements
Students will be submitting various assignments through google classroom the following guidelines
must be followed for assignments to be graded. Submissions that do not meet the following
requirements will not be accepted.
● Always include your name on any file submitted on google classroom
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● If the assignment is handwritten, students must use a scanning app to scan the pages of the
assignment and convert to a SINGLE PDF FILE.
● No images or multiple files will be accepted. Any assignment submitted in any of these formats
will be rejected.
● Scanned pages MUST be upright, legible and clear.
● No LATE assignments will be accepted. Tests and quizzes must be completed during allotted
time.
● If during submission of any assignment, a student experiences technical difficulties, the student
must contact the instructor as soon as possible. Students must provide screenshots/videos as
evidence of the situation experience. Only if evidence is provided the assignment will be
considered for grading with a penalty for being late.
● All assignments must be submitted on google classroom. Any assignment sent anywhere else
will not be accepted.
0. Google meet
● Class sessions will be on mon to thurs - the link has been shared with you already. Please sign into
class 5 mins before class starts.
● n.b. the sessions may/may not be recorded
● When you are admitted into the session, please mute your microphone and turn on your camera for
the duration of the session.
● Please silence your phone and put it aside. you can only use it if authorized by teacher or if you are
using it for an activity in class
● If you would like to ask a question, unmute your microphone and do so when acknowledged. Install
NOD reactions for more reactions or use the raise hand option in the google meet.
● communication among students is allowed only when authorized by the teacher. the chat feature is
not for idle chatter- you should be paying attention during the session.
● when i dismiss you at the end of the session, please leave- you can not hangout.
● Instructor may kick you out of the session if you violate any of these rules.
0. Google Classroom
Assignments
● These will be posted in the classwork section with relevant due dates.
● Assignments should be turned in on google classroom on time- not sent to my email.
● any assignment sent anywhere else will not be graded.
● If you are having a problem/issue, please send me a message through google classroom/email.
Announcements
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● These will also be posted in google classrooms. Make sure you are always paying attention to your
notifications.
● Please note announcements can also be posted within assessments so make sure you read carefully
everything.
● Please note other websites and apps may be used for testing.
Attachments
Sample of worksheet:
ST JOHNS COLLEGE JUNIOR COLLEGE
CHE 123-2 Principles of Chemistry I-4
HWK: Back titrations/ Redox Titrations
Due: Friday September 8th 2017
Total 90 points
10 points each
1.A piece of iron weighs 0.368g. it is reacted with acid to dissolve it and then reduced to form Fe2+ ions. The
resulting solution was titrated with potassium permanganate (VII). 38.60 cm3 of 0.02 KMnO4 solution were
required. What is the percentage purity of the iron?
MnO4- + Fe2+ Mn2+ + Fe3+
2. 25 cm3 of sodium ethanedioate solution was warmed and titrated with potassium permanganate (VII)
solution. 17.20 cm3 of the manganate solution of concentration 0.05 mol dm-3 were required. Calculate the
concentration of the ethanedioate solution?
3. A student was to determine the concentration of ammonia in a commercially available ammonia solution
used for cleaning. 25.00 mL of the cloudy solution was pipetted into a 250 ml conical flask. 50.00 ml of 0.100
mol/L HCl was immediately added to the conical flask and left to react. The excess HCl was then titrated with
0.050 mol/L sodium carbonate. 21.50 ml of sodium carbonate was required. Calculate the concentration of
ammonia in the solution.
4. a student wants to determine the mass in grams of calcium carbonate in 0.125 g sample of chalk. The chalk
sample was placed in a 250 ml conical flask and 50.00 mL 0.200 mol/L HCl was added. The excess HCl was
the titrated with 0.250 mol/L NaOH. 32.12 NaOH was required. Calculate the mass of calcium carbonate in the
chalk sample.
5. A piece of Iron wire weigh 0.2756 g. it is dissolved in acid, reducing to the Fe2+ state, and titrated with 40.8
cm3 of 0.0200 modm-3 potassium dichromate solution. What is the percentage purity of the iron wire?
6. A solution of potassium dichromate is standardized by titration with sodium ethanedioate solution. If 47cm3
of the dichromate solution were needed to oxidized 25 cm3 of the ethanedioate solution of concentration 0.0925
moldm-3, what is the concentration of the potassium dichromate solution.
7. A piece of impure copper was allowed to react with dilute nitric acid. The copper II nitrate solution formed
liberated iodine from an excess of potassium iodide solution. The iodine was estimated by titration with a
solution of sodium thiosulphate. If a 0.887g sample of copper was used and the volume required was 23.7 cm3
of a 0.480 moldm-3 thiosulphate solution, what is the percentage of copper in the sample
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8. a) The equation for the reaction between magnesium carbonate and hydrochloric acid is given below.
MgCO3 + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2O + CO2
When 75.0 cm of 0.500 mol dm–3 hydrochloric acid were added to 1.25 g of impure MgCO3 some
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acid was left unreacted. This unreacted acid required 21.6 cm3 of a 0.500 mol dm–3 solution of sodium
hydroxide for complete reaction.
i) Calculate the number of moles of HCl in 75.0 cm3 of 0.500 mol dm–3 hydrochloric acid.
ii) Calculate the number of moles of NaOH used to neutralise the unreacted HCl.
iii) Show that the number of moles of HCl which reacted with the MgCO3 in the sample was 0.0267
iv) Calculate the number of moles and the mass of MgCO3 in the sample, and hence deduce the percentage by mass
of MgCO3 in the sample.
9. Ammonium sulphate reacts with aqueous sodium hydroxide as shown by the equation below.
(NH4)2SO4 + 2NaOH → 2NH3 + Na2SO4 + 2H2O
A sample of ammonium sulphate was heated with 100 cm3 of 0.500 mol dm–3 aqueous sodium
hydroxide. To ensure that all the ammonium sulphate reacted, an excess of sodium hydroxide was used.
Heating was continued until all of the ammonia had been driven off as a gas.
The unreacted sodium hydroxide remaining in the solution required 27.3 cm3 of 0.600moldm–3
hydrochloric acid for neutralisation.
i) Calculate the original number of moles of NaOH in 100 cm3 of 0.500 mol dm–3 aqueous sodium
hydroxide.
ii) Calculate the number of moles of HCl in 27.3cm3 of 0.600moldm–3 hydrochloric acid.
iii) Deduce the number of moles of the unreacted NaOH neutralised by the hydrochloric acid.
iv) Use your answers from parts (a)(i) and (a)(iii) to calculate the number of moles of NaOH
which reacted with the ammonium sulphate.
v) Use your answer in part (a)(iv) to calculate the number of moles and the mass of ammonium sulphate
in the sample.