Matter in our surroundings

(Part-3)
Evaporation:
The change of liquid into vapour without reaching at its boiling
point is called evaporation.
Factors effecting rate of evaporation:
There are five factors which effect rate of evaporation:
a) Temperature
b) Pressure
c) Surface area
d) Humidity in air
e) Wind speed
a) Temperature: On increase in temperature, rate of
evaporation increases and vice-a-versa.

b) Pressure: On increase in pressure, rate of evaporation

decreases and vice-a-versa.
c) Surface area: On increase in surface area, rate of
evaporation increases and vice-a-versa.

d) Humidity in air: On increase in humidity, rate of

evaporation decreases and vice-a-versa.
e) Wind speed: On increase in wind speed, rate of
evaporation increases and vice-a-versa.
Evaporation in daily life:
a) Evaporation of water from sea
b) Evaporation of sweat from body
c) Wet clothes on the laundry line are dried up because of
evaporation.
d) Separation of salts from sea.
Cooling caused by evaporation :
Ques Explain the following process:
a) It feels cool when we sit under fan during sweating.
b)Tea or coffee cools faster in saucer than cup:
c) Water kept in earthern pots cools after some time:
Diffusion:
Intermixing of particles due to movement of particles from
higher concentration to lower concentration is called
diffusion.
a) Diffusion in gases:
Diffusion in gases is fastest as particles moves with
maximum kinetic energy. For example, smell of incense stick
reaches us or intermixed in the whole room due to diffusion
of particles of incense stick into room.
b) Diffusion in liquids:
Diffusion in liquids is slower as compare to gases as particles
move with lower kinetic energy. For example: Diffusion of
indigo in water to make it violet partly.
c) Diffusion in solids:
Diffusion in solids is minimum, as particles move negligibly.
For example: Diffusion of chalk particles into the blackboard
after some time.
Ques: Why it is difficult to rub blackboard written with a chalk
after some days?
Ans: