• Philippine Tourism, Geography

and Culture

BANGSAMORO
John Mathew Cruzat / John heart Castor
BSHM 222
 Bangsamoro
An autonomous territory mostly inhabited by the
Moro people in the southern Philippines, consisting
of the western region of the island of Mindanao and
the adjacent Sulu Archipelago.
Bangsamoro's local government units cover 5
provinces,namely:

• Basilan
• Lanao del Sur
• Maguindanao
• Sulu
• Tawi tawi,

Cotabato city is an independent component

city, figures are excluded from Maguindanao.
 BASILAN
Basilan, a beautiful island in the Philippines, is known for its rich
culture, stunning natural attractions, and delicious seafood
dishes. It's a place of warm hospitality and vibrant festivals,
offering a unique blend of traditions and flavors.
Famous Destination in Basilan

• Malamawi White Beach - is one of the

best beaches in Basilan and has always
been the crown jewel of Isabela de
Basilan. It is quiet and secluded.
Famous Destination in Basilan

• Bulingan Falls - is located

about 11 kms southwest of
Lamitan City and bounded
by Barangays Boheyakan
and Lo-ok. This 21-feet high
falls boasts of its unusual
block rock formations with
a clear stream of water
cascading into a rock pool
surrounded by colorful flora
and fauna.
Famous Destination in Basilan

• Dr. Jose Rizal monument

is a memorial in Isabela,
Basilan, Autonomous
Region in Muslim
Mindanao. Dr. Jose Rizal
monument is situated
nearby to the square Isabela
City Plaza and the
government office Basilan
Provincial Council.
Famous Destination in Basilan

• Katedral ng Isabela - is a 20th-

century Roman Catholic cathedral
located at Barangay Seaside Poblacion
in the city of Isabela, Basilan,
Philippines. It is the seat of the
Roman Catholic Territorial Prelature
of Isabela and is dedicated to Saint
Elizabeth of Portugal.
Famous food in Basilan

• Kaliya (Yakan chicken) - The

Yakans of Basilan presented
their foods such as kaliya or
Yakan chicken. Yakan chicken
must be prayed over before
slaughtering. Meanwhile,
pinalam-pinalam is spicy native
chicken with dulang.
Famous food in Basilan

• Kinilaw - is a bright and tangy dish of

raw fish marinated in vinegar that's
indigenous to the Philippines; you can
think of it as a kind of ancient Filipino
ceviche, one that celebrates the abundance
of the seas surrounding the Philippine
islands.
Famous food in Basilan

• Piutu - also known as piyutu or

putu, is a traditional Filipino dish
that is the staple food of the
Sama-Bajau people of the
Philippines and the east coast of
Sabah. It is made from steamed
cassava (panggi) that is mashed
and shaped into cylinders or
disks.
 Tradition and culture of Basilan
The Culture of Basilan are derived from the three main cultural
ethnolinguistic nations, the Yakan, Suluanon Tausug and the
Zamboangueño in the southern Philippines. Both Yakans and Tausugs
are predominantly Muslim, joined by their kin from the Sama,
Badjao, Maranao, and other Muslim ethnolinguistic groups of
Mindanao, while the Zamboangueños are primarily Christian, joined
by the predominantly Christian ethnolinguistic groups; the Cebuano,
Ilocano, Tagalog and others. These three main groups, however,
represent Basilan's tri-people or tri-ethnic group community.
Tradition and culture of Basilan

• Yakan - The island is the

homeland of the Yakans, a Filipino
ethnic group or ethnolinguistic
group widely regarded as having
been descended from Orang
Dampuans and recognized for their
colorful costume.
Tradition and culture of Basilan

• Tausug - The Tausug are the

Yakan's traditional rivals in the
Sulu Archipelago. Based primarily
in the island of Jolo, the Tausug
built a powerful maritime
confederation of Datus and Rajas
extending from the Sulu
Archipelago to Palawan and North
Borneo.
Tradition and culture of Basilan

• Zamboangueño Chavacano - also

variously known as Zamboangueño,
has been known for quite to be both
a Castilian-based creole language
and an ethnolinguistic nation or
ethnolinguistic group born officially
on June 23, 1635.
Festival of Basilan

Pakaradjaan Basilan is an
annual cultural festival in the
province of Basilan,
Philippines held every 7th of
March. It is a weeks-long
festivity that starts in the last
week of February.
 History of Basilan
Basilan first came to European attention when it was
documented by the remnants of the Ferdinand
Magellan expedition in 1521. It was eventually
colonized by the Spanish as early as 1636 and was
formally ceded by the Sulu Sultanate to Spain in 1726.
The ancient name of Basilan Island was Tagime, named
after a Datu who once ruled a big part of the island before
the Spaniards came to Basilan. In the long past, Basilan
had other names. It used to be named Uleyan, derived from
a mountain located at the heart of the island.
 Lanao del Sur
Lanao del Sur is currently composed of 39 municipalities and
Marawi City. It consists of 1,159 barangays and is divided into two
congressional districts. The province of Lanao del Sur is located at
latitude 7' 24' 34” and nestled in the hinterland of Mindanao at
an elevation of 702 meters above sea level.
Famous Destination in Lanao del Sur

• Marawi lake - is a scenic body of

water surrounded by lush vegetation
and mountains. Visitors can enjoy a
boat ride on the lake and admire the
beautiful views of the surrounding
landscape. Located in the heart of
Marawi City.
Famous Destination in Lanao del Sur

• Mindanao State University

Museum - Located within
the Mindanao State
University campus in
Marawi City, houses various
artifacts and exhibits that
showcase the cultural
heritage of the Meranao
people.
Famous Destination in Lanao del Sur

• Lake Dapao - Located in the

town of Lumba-Bayabao, is a
serene and peaceful lake that
offers a relaxing escape from
the busy city life. Visitors can
enjoy a picnic or take a dip in
the cool waters of the lake.
Famous Destination in Lanao del Sur

• Piagapo falls - Located in the

municipality of Piagapo, is a
beautiful waterfall surrounded
by lush vegetation. Visitors can
hike through the forest to reach
the falls and enjoy a refreshing
swim in the cool waters.
Famous food in Lanao del Sur

• Dodol - is a Maranao delicacy

which is made from sticky rice,
coconut milk and sugar. It has
become a popular Iftar food aside
from being served during
celebrations like wedding and
thanksgiving. It is given as a
special gift or as pasalubong.
Famous food in Lanao del Sur

• Tinagdag - It is made of ground

rice and sugar, mixed with a little bit
of water. The glutinous mixture is
poured over a coconut shell drilled
with small holes and attached to a
wooden stick held with a rope and
tied to a pole. This contraption allows
the cook to distribute the mixture
evenly.
Famous food in Lanao del Sur

• Kumukunsi - is a traditional
Filipino deep-fried doughnut
originating from the Maguindanao
people. It is made from rice flour,
duck eggs, and sugar. It is
traditionally fried into spiral shapes.
It has a creamy flavor, similar to
pancakes.
Tradition and culture of The people of Lanao used to

Lanao del Sur adhere to Hinduism,

polytheist animism, and
Buddhism. During this era,
various cultural icons
developed, such as the
torogan, the singkil dance,
the darangen epic, the
unique Maranao gong and
metal craft culture, the
sarimanok, the okir motif,
and an indigenous suyat
script.
Festival of Lanao del Sur

• Kalilang and Kariyala - both

mean “merrymaking and
thanksgiving” This universal
expression of thanksgiving for the
triumphs, abundance, prosperity or
any form of blessings received. The
celebration of this is festival are
similar to Lami- Lamihan of
Lamitan, Basilan and Meguyaya of
Upi, Maguindanao.
Festival of Lanao del Sur

• Kalilang and Kariyala -

is a cultural festival and
founding anniversary in
the town of Wao in the
province of Lanao del
Sur, Philippines held
every February 22. It
 History of Lanao del Sur
The creation of Lanao del Sur is dated during the
height of the Commonwealth government
campaign for settlement in Mindanao. The
undivided Lanao was administratively part and a
political unit of the Moro province by virtue of
Philippine Commission Act No. 787. Thereafter, in
May 27, 1959 by virtue of Republic Act No.
 Maguindanao
Maguindanao is a province in the Philippines situated in the
Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM)
occupying the Sulu Archipelago and the provinces of Lanao del
Sur and Maguindanao in central Mindanao. Its capital is the
Municipality of Shariff Aguak.
Famous Destination in Maguindanao

• Buluan lake - This scenic lake is

the second-largest lake in
Mindanao and is located in the
town of Buluan. It is surrounded by
lush forests and is home to various
species of fish and waterfowl.
Visitors can take a boat ride to
explore the lake and its
surroundings or simply enjoy the
tranquility of the area.
Famous Destination in Maguindanao

• The Blue Lagoon is one of the best

Maguindanao tourist spots, located
on an idyllic setting of rustic views.
It’s almost like a lake surrounded
with lush forests. it's just a walking
distance from the national
highway. Experience swimming on
its pristine and rejuvenating
waters as you relish the forests’
beauty. The waters come from a
spring connected to the Tamontaka
River.
Famous Destination in Maguindanao

• Kutawato Cave - lies on the slope

of Pedro Colina Hill. It’s a small
cave that looks like a dwelling
place of ancient people. Inside,
you’ll find interesting limestone
rock formations.
Famous Destination in Maguindanao

• Pink Mosque - is one of the iconic

Maguindanao tourist spots. It was
completed in 2012 and is meant to
signify unity, love, interfaith
brotherhood, and peace. It’s vibrant
and artistic architecture will surely
captivate you. When coming here,
please show sensitivity to the
Islamic faith.
Famous Destination in Maguindanao

• Tamontaka Church - is one

of the Catholic Churches in
Maguindanao. Despite being a
Muslim-dominated province,
Maguindanao celebrates its
diversity as it is home to a
sizeable number of Roman
Catholics.
Famous food in Maguindanao

• Lawot Lawot - is a Vis-Min

vegetable dish composed of
familiar ingredients: Squash,
Okra, Eggplant, String Beans,
Bittergourd.
Famous food in Maguindanao

• Biryani dish - is said to be a

food made by the Muslim
community in Indian/Persian
region. So it’s no surprise that
this delicious recipe has made its
way to the Muslim community as
part Mindanao cuisine. Biryani is
basically a fried rice dish with
bits of chicken or seafood and
other spices.
Famous food in Maguindanao

• Sambal - is a condiment of
Indonesian origin. It’s a spicy hot
sauce made from grinding spices
including chili pepper, garlic,
shallot, and tomato with mortar
and pestle.
Famous food in Maguindanao

• Pyanggang - is a Tausug dish

similar to a chicken barbecue
only it’s black but not because it’s
burnt. One of the ingredients,
coconut meat, is burnt before it is
grounded. It is then combined
with other spices to make a paste
or marinade sauce for the
chicken.
Tradition and Culture of Maguindanao
Their culture also revolves around the gong music kulintang,
as well as one of their traditional dances sagayan.
Maguindanaon literature is no less rich. They are famous for
their folk speech antuka/pantuka/paakenala or riddles and
bayok or lyric poems.

Their culture also revolves around the gong music kulintang,

as well as one of their traditional dances sagayan.
Maguindanaon literature is no less rich. They are famous for
their folk speech antuka/pantuka/paakenala or riddles and
bayok or lyric poems.
Festival of Maguindanao

• Inaul Festival - is the biggest

cultural festival in the province of
Maguindanao del Sur, Philippines.
It is held every February 14. It has
a week-long calendar with opening
activities occurring on the 9th and
on some years even earlier.
Activities take place in Buluan, the
capital of the province.
 History of Maguindanao
The name MAGUINDANAO, meaning people of the
flood plain, was given to both the people and the
island on which they live. According to legend, the
MAGUINDANAO were converted to Islam by
Shariff Kabunsuan, a Muslim prince, who claimed
to be a direct descendant of the Prophet
Mohammed.
 Sulu
Sulu is a part of the Sulu Archipelago, which stretches
from the tip of the Zamboanga Peninsula on the north
to the island of Borneo in the south. The main island
and its islets are situated between the island-
provinces of Basilan to the northeast.
Famous Destination in Sulu

• Masjid Tulay - This mosque will

greet you when you reach the port of
Jolo, the capital of Sulu Province. You
will never be mistaken because of its
dominant green dome and it
majestically stand near the coast line.
Famous Destination in Sulu

• Sulu Provincial Capitol.

Architecture of this building is
distinct among other capitol
buildings with golden dome and
towers. The garden is well
manicured and meticulously
maintained. You can also find here
the National Museum Sulu that
houses ethnographic collections of
Sulu culture.
Famous Destination in Sulu

• Maubo Beach - in Patikul. It

boasts yellow-white sand and
water is so clear. You will find
here local kids jumping into the
water from the wooden harbor.
For divers, the islands of Hadji
Panglima Tahil, 20 minutes boat
ride from Jolo, is perfect spot,
Famous food in Sulu

• PIYOTO ( SALTED CASSAVA

CAKE, WITH COCONUT FLAKES )
- Steamed Cassava Salted Cake, is
very common to all people living
in Sulu. It’s like an appetizer, in
which it is eaten before the meal.
Famous food in Sulu

• PIYANGGANG MANOK -
Piyanggang is a light green
chicken dish made of the same
pulp used in the Tiyula Sug but
with added coconut milk to make
it creamier.
Famous food in Sulu

• TIYULA ITOM - Is a beef-based

soup that is dark green in color.
The burnt coconut and turmeric
give this dish its color, which
may seem visually odd to some. I
can assure you that it is
gastronomically satisfying,
especially on a rainy day
Famous food in Sulu

• LOKOT-LOKOT -
The Lokot-lokot is made of rice flour,
which is repeatedly pounded until it
becomes fine powder. Water and other
ingredients are then added and
blended to create a thick mixture. The
mixture is poured in a strainer with
holes called ulayan and formed into
rolls using two wooden spoons called
the gagawi.
 Tradition and Culture of Sulu
Tausug, one of the largest of the Muslim (sometimes called
Moro) ethnic groups of the southwestern Philippines. They
live primarily in the Sulu Archipelago, southwest of the
island of Mindanao, mainly in the Jolo island cluster.
There are, however, significant migrant
(or immigrant) communities of Tausug
in Malaysia and Indonesia, particularly
on the northeastern coast of the island
of Borneo. In the early 21st century the
Tausug in the Philippines numbered
roughly 900,000; in Malaysia they
totalled about 200,000, and in
Indonesia they amounted to nearly
20,000.
 Festival of Sulu

A standout amongst the most praised celebrations in Mindanao is the

yearly Rajah Baguinda Festival. This specific occasion respects the immense
Rajah Baguinda who is a religious teacher from Sumatra and returned to
Mindanao in 1390. He instructed the general population here about Islam
until the year 1460. As per the tale of the legends, the general population in
Mindanao did not need him to come in Sulu and they even endeavored to
avert him by endeavoring to sink the vessels where he is cruising. Since
they didn't succeed, he could spread Islam in the place and this offers path
to the relocation of ious Persians, Arabians and other Muslim gatherings in
Mindanao. Start date of festival Aug 4, end aug 10.
 Festival of Sulu

Due to his genuineness to remain in the place,

Karim-ul-Mahkdum helped Baguinda set up
his Islamic establishment in Sulu, as per
history. This is the start of the festival on the
grounds that the general population in
Mindanao recognized his endeavors and
making the Sulu Sultanate Government. For
the Rajah Baguinda Festival , the general
population of Sulu will again respect the
colossal Baguinda due to this value in the
place.
 History of Sulu
Pre-establishment. The present area of the
Sultanate of Sulu was once under the influence of
the Bruneian Empire before it gained its own
independence in 1578. During the 13th century the
people of Sulu began migrating to present-day
Zamboanga and Sulu archipelago from their
homelands in northeastern Mindanao.
 Tawi - tawi
Tawi‑Tawi is a province in the Philippines situated in the
Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM)
occupying the Sulu Archipelago and the provinces of Lanao del
Sur and Maguindanao in central Mindanao. Its capital is the
Municipality of Bongao.
Famous Destination in Tawi - tawi

• Gusong Reef - is among Tawi-

Tawi’s most well-preserved tourist
spots, offering one of the best
diving experiences in the
Philippines. The coral reef is
renowned for its pristine condition
and teems with a variety of colorful
and stunning aquarium and non-
aquarium species. Gusong Reef is a
must-visit destination for diving
enthusiasts.
Famous Destination in Tawi - tawi

• Turtle Islands - also known as “Taganak

Island,” serve as a breeding site for the
endangered Philippine Turtle. This group of
nine islands is located at the southwestern tip of
the Philippines, north of Borneo. Six of these
islands (Taganak, Baguan, Boan, Great
Bakkungan, Lihiman, and Langaan) are under
Philippine jurisdiction, while the remaining
three (Bakkungan Kechil, Gulisan, and
Selingan) are under the jurisdiction of Malaysia
Famous Destination in Tawi - tawi

• Sangay Siapo Island - offers the same

picturesque beauty as Panampangan
Island, with its white sandy beaches
and crystal-clear turquoise waters. The
island’s rich marine life makes it an
ideal destination for snorkeling and
scuba diving. With its increasing
popularity, Sangay Siapo has become
one of the top Tawi-Tawi tourist spots.
Famous food in Tawi - tawi

• Agal-Agal (Seaweed) - Tawi-Tawi is

said to be the “Seaweed capital of the
Philippines” and they even celebrate an
Agal-Agal Festival every September to
showcase their major industry. While
most of the seaweed harvested by
fishermen gets exported to other
countries for processing, seaweed is
commonly served as a side dish or salad
in some eateries.
Famous food in Tawi - tawi

• Junay - Rice steamed in coconut milk

and toasted coconut. The rice is
wrapped in little packets of banana
leaves like suman. The packaging
makes the rice easy to eat, and is ideal
for a packed lunch since the wrapper is
eco-friendly. This was perfect with fried
fish and mango with soy sauce and sili
during our island-hopping trip
toSangay Siapo Island.
Famous food in Tawi - tawi

• Isikalang - is a sugary biscuit made

from flour, egg. butter, sugar, coconut
milk and oil. Batang Burung is a
crispy roll made from rice, sugar,
milk, oil and flavoring (it comes in
different flavors). Baolu is a sweet
mini-muffin made from flour, sugar
and water, which tastes like mamon.
Tradition and Culture of Tawi - tawi
Most of the people in Tawi-Tawi belong to the Sama cultural group.
Within this group are subgroups and named based on the location of
the speaker. Sama Sibutu are those from the Sibutu-Sitangkai Island
Group, Sama Simunul are those from Simunul-Manuk Mangkaw
Island Group, and so on.
The Sama-Bajau are the
dominant ethnic group of the
islands of Tawi-Tawi. They are
also found in other islands of
the Sulu Archipelago, coastal
areas of Mindanao and other
islands in the northern
Philippines.
Festival of Tawi - tawi

• Agal-Agal Festival - is a week-long

celebration. Activities may start as
early as September 23, and
culminating activities occur on
September 27. There are many
activities including trade fair, fun run,
colorful fluvial parade, entertainment
and cultural shows, street dance,
grand parade, and dance showdown.
 History of Tawi - tawi
Tawi-Tawi was previously part of the
province of Sulu. On September 11, 1973,
pursuant to Presidential Decree No.
302, the new province of Tawi-Tawi was
officially created, separate from Sulu.
The seat of the provincial government
was established in Bongao.
 Cotabato city
Cotabato City, city, southern Mindanao, Philippines. The city is
located in a swampy area near the southern banks of the Cotabato
River (a tributary of the Mindanao River) and just inland of the
Moro Gulf. Cotabato City is the primary trade and commercial
centre for all of southwestern Mindanao.
Famous Destination in Cotabato city

• Tantawan Park - is a historical park in

Cotabato City. Located on the corner of Quezon
Avenue and Sinsuat Avenue, next to the
Central Bank of The Philippines - Cotabato
City Branch and Immaculate Conception
Cathedral Cotabato, locals use the park for the
relaxing massage offered by the therapist
while viewing the busy street and the
monument of Muhammad Kudarat.
Famous Destination in Cotabato city

• Asik-Asik - literally means

“sprinkle-sprinkle” in the native
Hiligaynon language. It is aptly
called since it sprinkles cold water
as it drops into the shallow rocky
pool at the base of the mountain.
The water collected in the pool then
flows to join a tributary of the
Alamada
Famous Destination in Cotabato city

• Tato Mokamad - whose

property lies at the foot of the
hill, believes that the
landform is protected by
deities and “engkanto,”
environmental spirits that
have the ability to appear in
human form.
Famous food in Cotabato city

• Baye-Baye
- (Tagalog pronunciation:
[ˈbaje ˈbaje]) is a Filipino dish
made from grated young coconut
mixed with either newly
harvested rice (pinipig) or corn
and shaped into patties.
Famous food in Cotabato city

• Tinagtag - is a Maguindanaon
delicacymade of ground rice and
sugar, which ispopular in the
entire stretch of what wasonce
known as the Cotabato Empire
Food.
Famous food in Cotabato city

• Bulwa - These muffins are

called buluwa or bulwa.Made
from rice flour, eggs, and sugar,
a littlesweet and nutty when
slightly toasted.
 Tradition and Culture of Cotabato city
Cotabato City, located in the Philippines, has a rich tradition and culture
influenced by its diverse population, which includes indigenous peoples,
Muslims, and Christians. Traditional dances like the Singkil, a Muslim
dance, and the Pangalay, a dance of the indigenous Tausug people, are
performed during festivals and celebrations.

The city also boasts colorful

textiles, such as the malong, a
versatile cloth worn by both men
and women in various styles.
Traditional cuisines, like the
flavorful Maguindanaon dishes,
showcase the city's culinary
heritage.
Festival of Cotabato city

• Kalivungan Festival - is a cultural

and harvest festival, a celebration
of indigenous people, and a
founding anniversary celebration
in the province of Cotabato,
Philippines. A week-long
celebration, it is observed every 1st
of September, which is declared as
a nonworking holiday in the
province.
History of Cotabato city
The Spaniards arrived in Cotabato way back in
1696 when Captain Rodriguez de Figueroa obtained
from the Spanish government the exclusive right
to colonize Mindanao. On February 1, 1596, he left
Iloilo and landed at the mouth of Rio Grande de
Mindanao, in what is known today as Cotabato
City.
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