NATURAL SCIENCE (JWT) 325

SEMESTER TEST 2 27 October 2022 TOTAL: 50

NUMBER OF PAGES: 3 TIME: 60 MINUTES
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PLEASE READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY

1. This paper consists of 5 questions on 3 pages. Please check that your question paper
is complete.
2. Read the questions carefully.
3. Answer all the questions in black or blue pen.
4. Do not use a pencil to draw diagrams.
5. It is in your own interest to write legibly and to present your work neatly.

Examiner: Dr. M.G. Kgatle NUMBER OF MAXIMUM MARKS

QUESTION MARKS OBTAINED

1 10

2 11

3 10

4 12

5 7

TOTAL 50
 Question 1
1.1 Which of the following statements about the systemic effect of bacterial cells are true?
A. Gram-negative bacteria are more likely to cause systemic effects because their lack of an
outer membrane means they can more quickly infect host cells.
B. Gram-positive bacteria are more likely to cause systemic effects because the
lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in their membranes can act as a toxin to the circulatory system.
C. Gram-positive bacteria are more likely to cause system effects because the peptidoglycan
in their cell walls is tough and hard for medicine to penetrate.
D. Gram-positive bacteria are more likely to cause system effects because the
peptidoglycan in their cell walls is tough and hard for medicine to penetrate.

1.2 What distinguishes prions from viruses?

A. Absence of genetic material
B. Ability to cause infection
C. Type of protein arrangement
D. Presence of an envelope

1.3 Producing a vaccine against the tsetse fly-borne trypanosomes is very difficult because
A. tsetse flies are hard to grow in captivity
B. trypanosomes each have over a thousand genes for antigens but express only one
at a time
C. the disease is only expressed in humans and experimental subjects are hard to get
D. the trypanosome does not cause an antibody response

1.4 Which of the following is not a true statement about the kingdom Protista?
A. It is an artificial grouping.
B. Its members are placed there as a matter of convenience.
C. Although diverse, the group represents a closely related group evolutionarily.
D. It contains unicellular, colonial, and multicellular groups.

1.5 Which do not belong to Protista?

A. Euglenoids
B. Zooflagellates
C. Methanogens
D. Ciliates
1.6 Which of the following is a characteristic of hyphate fungi (fungi featuring hyphae)?
A. They acquire their nutrients by phagocytosis.
B. Their body plan is a unicellular sphere.
C. Their cell walls consist mainly of cellulose microfibrils.
D. They are adapted for rapid directional growth to new food sources.

1.7 The bread mold Rhizopus stololifer belongs to which of the following fungal divisions?
A. Ascomycota
B. Deuteromycota
C. Oomycota
D. Zygomycota

1.8 Which of the following tissues can, at particular times in the life cycle of a plant, be both
a source and a sink of sugar?
A. Photosynthesising mature leaves
B. Cotyledons
C. Fruits
D. Meristems

1.9 Which of the following statements about the structure and function of xylem vessels are
correct?
I The cells have lignin walls
II The cells are non-living
III The thick walls withstand low pressures
IV They can form new xylem tissue by mitosis
A I only
B I, II and III only

C I and III only

D All of them

1.10 A moss sporophyte can be recognized because it is

A. diploid and nutritionally dependent on the gametophyte
B. diploid and able to live independently, since it is photosynthetic
C. haploid and nutritionally dependent on the gametophyte
D. haploid and able to live independently, since it is photosynthetic
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Question 2
2.1 Describe the structure of a virus. (3)

2.2 Describe the two different groups of bacteria with regards to gram staining (4)


2.3 Define three ways in which prokaryotes can recombine their genetic material without
sexual reproduction. (3)
•

[10]
Question 3
3.1 Why are Protists not classified as fungi, (½) plants (½) or animals (½)? And what is the
informal/common for fungi-like (½), plant-like (½) and animal-like Protists
-

3.2 What is the scientific name of the Protists that is transmitted by mosquitoes? And what
disease does it caus (2)

3.3 Identify the eukaryote supergroups that include plants and fungi and animals. (2)

3.4 Why have organisms such as Rhizarians been previously classified along with
Amoebozoans? (2)

3.5 Describe the main distinctive features are of excavates? (1)

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Question 4
4.1 Describe the three different types of hyphae? (3)
4.2 Which phyla do the following fungi fall under? (3)
4.2.1 Club fungi:
4.2.2 Sac fungi:
4.2.3 Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi:

4.3 Describe the anatomy of lichens. And why is it regarded as a symbiotic relationship? (4)

[10]
Question 5
5.1 List four adaptations and give a reason why it allows for the land existence for plants.(4)

5.2 List the key structures required for angiosperm reproduction. (6 x ½ =3)

5.3 Identify the role of each generation in the alternation of generations life cycle. (2)
.

5.4 Explain the portion of the bryophyte life cycle is the most dominant. (1)

[10]