ASSIGNMENT 2 FRONT SHEET

Qualification BTEC Level 4 HND Diploma in Business

Unit number and title Unit 4: Leadership and Management

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Student name Nguyen Nhu Nghia Student ID BH 01100

Class BAO6301 Assessor name DAO THI THANH BINH

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Table of Contents
I. INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................................................4
II. THEORIES OF MOTIVATION.........................................................................................................................4
2.1 Definition..........................................................................................................................................................4
2.1.1 Content Theory...........................................................................................................................................4
2.2 . Motivational strategies..................................................................................................................................4
2.2.1 Alderfer's content theory.............................................................................................................................4
2.3 Apply Alderfer model to the company..........................................................................................................5
2.3.1 Vinamilk's Existence needs........................................................................................................................5
2.3.2 Vinamilk’s Relatedness needs....................................................................................................................6
2.3.3 Vinamilk's Growth needs............................................................................................................................9
3.1 Vroom's process theory.................................................................................................................................10
3.1.1 . Introduction to Vroom's model...............................................................................................................10
3.2 Applying Vroom and company's model.......................................................................................................11
3.2.1 Expectancy................................................................................................................................................11
3.2.2 Instrumentality..........................................................................................................................................11
3.2.3 Valence.....................................................................................................................................................12
IV. APPROPRIATE LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT APPROACHES FOR PERFORMANCE
MANAGEMENT AND CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT................................................................................13
5.4 Vinamilk's current leadership and management doctrine.........................................................................13
5.5 New proposal for Vinamilk company...........................................................................................................13
5.6.1 Transformational leadership.....................................................................................................................14
5.6.2 Transactional leadership...........................................................................................................................15
5.6.3 Scientific management..............................................................................................................................15
5.7 Proposing new appropriate leadership and management theories for the company................................15
6.1 Mintzberg's theory of management roles.....................................................................................................16
V. CONCLUSION...................................................................................................................................................18
VI. REFERENCE....................................................................................................................................................18
I. INTRODUCTION
After analyzing leadership and management theories and styles, as a Director, I need to think about how
to optimize organizational performance and ensure continuous development. I need to thoroughly study
these topics both theoretically and practically through specific applications in organizational
differentiation.Build an effective management plan and motivate the business in a way that suits his
career. This report will discuss various theories of motivation, the impact of motivation on organizational
performance and provide a complete plan. The article also discusses the many ways that leadership and
management. This will increase knowledge about the impact of management and leadership more widely,
supporting future executive search consulting work in businesses.

II. THEORIES OF MOTIVATION

2.1 Definition
The field of research known as motivation theory investigates the factors that lead individuals to work
toward certain goals or targets. There is a possibility that this would be beneficial to everyone in society,
but the most obvious beneficiaries will be corporations and management.Không có trích nguồn, định
nghĩa đang 3 chấm kh phải là định nghĩa

2.1.1 Content Theory

Philosophy of content theory The “what” of motivation is emphasized in content theories. Managers and
leaders can better engage and motivate employees when they have a firm grasp of their needs and
aspirations. Theory-based motivation models include Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, Herzberg's Two-
Factor Theory, and McClelland's Theory of Needs.

2.2 . Motivational strategies

2.2.1 Alderfer's content theory
a. Alderfer's ERG theory

Clayton P. Alderfer's ERG theory from 1969 condenses Maslow's five needs into three categories:
Existence, relatedness, and growth.

Existence needs: Includes all physical and physiological desires. Maslow's first two levels. These are the
most basic human needs, including physical needs such as food, water, air, clothing, safe living space and
a safe working environment. Existence needs are equivalent to physiological needs in Maslow's theory of
needs, Maslow's first two levels.

Related Needs: Includes social and external esteem; relationships with significant others such as family,
friends, colleagues and employers. This also means being recognized and feeling safe as part of a group or
family. Alderfer suggests that relationship needs can coincide with love and sibling needs. Maslow's third
and fourth levels.

Growth Needs: Inner respect and self-actualization; these motivate one to make creative or productive
impacts on oneself and the environment (e.g., moving toward one's ideal self). This need includes artistic
development, creativity, personal goal achievement, and self-actualization.Maslow's fourth and fifth
levels. This includes the desire to be creative and productive and to complete meaningful tasks.

Although the priority of these needs varies from person to person, Alberger's ERG theory prioritizes the
specificity of the categories. Existent needs are the most specific and easiest to verify. Relational needs are
less specific than existential needs, depending on the relationship between two or more people. Finally,
growth needs are the least specific because their specific goals depend on each person's unique
characteristics. (vietnambiz, 2022)

2.3 Apply Alderfer model to the company

2.3.1 Vinamilk's Existence needs
Create a financial support program: Offer financial support packages for employees, such as loan support
with preferential interest rates to help employees solve personal financial problems. This can include
providing consumer loans, home or car purchase assistance, and savings and investment programs. Build
an innovative benefits program: Create a range of creative benefits to offer provide added value to
employees. This can include comprehensive insurance packages, family health insurance programs, child
support benefits, elder care benefits, and flexible leave benefits. Accelerating growth Careers and training:
Invest in developing employee competencies and skills through training and learning programs. Provide
opportunities for employees to access advanced training courses, professional certifications and
scholarship programs to encourage personal growth and career advancement. Build a diverse work
environment and equality: Create an environment of fairness, respect and diversity at work. Promote
gender equity, cultural diversity and equality of opportunity. Ensure hiring and promotion are based on
merit and contribution, without discrimination based on gender, religion, race or ethnic origin. Develop an
equitable performance appraisal program: Improve Improve the performance appraisal process and ensure
fairness in evaluation and promotion recommendations. Use clear and objective criteria to evaluate
performance, and ensure that equity and quality work are considered when making decisions about
advancement and career development. Create a positive work environment Motivation: Awaken employee
passion and drive by creating programs that encourage and reward excellent performance, provide
opportunities to participate in interesting projects, and motivate employees through setting clear goals and
measuring performance.

Health and mental care: Vinamilk can propose health and mental care programs for employees. This can
include providing health counseling sessions, mental health care, fitness and yoga activities, as well as
creating a comfortable and friendly work environment.Career orientation and development: Vinamilk can
propose career orientation and personal development programs for employees. This can include providing
training courses, continuous learning programmes, opportunities to participate in multi-scope projects and
clear career paths so employees can develop and progress further. in company.Work-life balance:
Vinamilk can propose policies and measures to create a balance between work and personal life of
employees. This can include flexible work policies, providing family support services, flexible leave
plans, and encouraging employees to participate in social and volunteer activities.Fair performance
appraisal: Vinamilk can propose fair and transparent performance appraisal systems to ensure that
employees are recognized and evaluated based on their actual contributions. This may include establishing
clear and objective criteria, providing periodic feedback, and fair opportunities for advancement.
Encourage diversity and equality: Vinamilk can propose measures to encourage diversity and equality
within the organization. This may include promoting diversity across gender, ethnicity, age and culture,
ensuring equal rights and opportunities for all employees

Remuneration policy: VNM owns many attractive remuneration policies for employees. The company
believes that fair remuneration is an important factor in attracting and retaining talented people.
Employees at VNM receive competitive salaries based on work results, experience and professional
qualifications. The company also regularly increases salaries and bonuses to recognize and reward
excellent employees. In addition to basic salary, VNM also offers many different bonus policies, including
performance bonuses, year-end bonuses, and sales bonuses. VNM's reward policy demonstrates the
company's commitment to recognizing the efforts and dedication of employees. Salaries and benefits:
Vinamilk provides competitive salaries and attractive benefits for employees, including health insurance,
life insurance, vacation benefits, benefits and bonuses based on work results. Development and training:
Vinamilk is interested in developing and training employees. They provide training programs to improve
professional and management skills, provide internal promotion opportunities and support employees in
career development. Flexible working regime: Vinamilk promotes the environment Flexible working,
including remote working policies, flexible working hours and consideration for the balance between
work and personal life programs. Good working environment: Vinamilk Create a comfortable working
environment that encourages diversity, creativity and team spirit. They create conditions for employees to
develop and express their potential.

Welfare policy: VNM has a comprehensive welfare policy, providing employees with many benefits to
ensure health and quality of life. The company recognizes that a happy and healthy workforce is critical to
the company's success. And so, they invest heavily in policies to ensure employee welfare. One of the
most important contents in VNM's welfare policy is health insurance. All employees are provided with
comprehensive medical insurance covering both outpatient and inpatient treatment. In addition, the
company provides life insurance and accident insurance, ensuring employees and their families are
financially protected in the event of an unfortunate incident. Leave policy: Vinamilk provides leave
policies Allows flexibility so employees can relax and recharge. Leave regimes include annual leave, sick
leave, maternity leave, volunteer leave and other leave regimes. Family care regime: Vinamilk can provide
support and Family care for employees. This may include financial support for child care, elder care, or
other funding schemes to help employees balance work and family life. Sports and Health: Vinamilk often
encourages employees to participate in sports and health care activities. They may provide subsidies for
participating in sports clubs, gyms, running events or other sports activities. Purchase benefits: Vinamilk
may provide special incentives for employees when purchasing company products. This helps employees
access quality products and creates consensus with the Vinamilk brand. These benefits ensure that
employees have the necessary resources to work comfortably and maintain a healthy lifestyle. (glints,
2023)
 Organize teambuilding regularly and periodically: "How to keep employees happy during 8 hours of
work" is what Company leaders always ask themselves. And for that reason, countless music festivals and
resort tourism programs are designed to create solidarity and intimacy within the group. Birthday parties
for employees are held monthly, making each individual feel recognized, proud and volunteer.

2.3.2 Vinamilk’s Relatedness needs

Investing in product research and development: VNM can increase research and development activities
to meet the increasingly diverse needs of customers. This may include the development of new dairy
products, functional products, healthcare products and other non-dairy products. This helps VNM
maintain competitiveness and expand market share in the dairy industry. Developing organic and natural
product lines: The trend of concern for health and environmental protection is increasing. VNM can
consider developing and expanding organic and natural product lines to meet customer and market needs.
Expanding production scale and distribution system: VNM can invest in expanding production scale to
meet the increasing demand of the market. At the same time, the company also needs to strengthen the
distribution system to ensure products are widely distributed and reach customers nationwide. Branding
and promotion: VNM can increase operations. Promotional and branding activities aim to create customer
awareness and trust. This can include investing in advertising campaigns, media events and connecting
with customers through social media channels. Expanding into related fields: VNM can consider
expanding into related fields such as manufacturing and trading functional food products, functional
foods, food for children or other products. dairy products.

Build a healthy working environment: Make employee care and health a top priority. Provides fitness
programs and gyms, encouraging participation in sports and wellness activities. At the same time, ensure a
safe working environment and create favorable working conditions to reduce stress and illness. Encourage
personal development: Build a strong personal development system to enhance capacity and employee
skills. This can be a place to provide ongoing training, support the learning and development of new skills,
and create opportunities to participate in projects and tasks that provide personal development. Facilitate
Flexible working: Ensure flexibility in work schedules and work organization to suit the individual needs
of employees. This may include flexible working arrangements, remote working, or flexible working
hours programs. Build a positive company culture: promote a positive culture within the organization by
creating a corporate, supportive and active work environment. Create bonding activities such as team
building, extracurricular events and reward programs to create connections and promote work spirit. Build
a career advancement and development plan: Race Create a clear plan for employee advancement and
career development. Create opportunities for employees to participate in courses, training programs and
share experiences to develop skills and progress further in their careers. Enhance communication and
participation: Create an open and communication environment Encourage employee participation. Build
architectural feedback and feedback mechanisms, create opportunities for employees to contribute
architectural comments and ideas, and conduct periodic meetings and discussions to enhance follow-up
communication and exchange information.

Attractive welfare policies: Vinamilk can propose attractive welfare policies to attract and retain
employees. This can include competitive salary and bonus policies, comprehensive insurance, work
discipline support and other benefits such as vacation, company travel and Vinamilk product incentives.
Liveable work environment: Vinamilk can propose to create a liveable work environment and promote a
positive experience for employees. This can include creating comfortable and modern working spaces, fun
and engaging activities such as internal events, club activities and sports programs. Development and
advancement Advancement: Vinamilk can propose development and promotion programs to encourage
employees' careers and progress. This may include providing in-depth training courses, mentorship
programs, opportunities to participate in key projects, and fair and transparent promotion policies.
Communication and participation: Vinamilk can Recommend creating open communication channels and
participation opportunities for employees. This can include holding regular meetings, networking and
brainstorming events, and encouraging employees to contribute their opinions and ideas through means
such as online platforms or suggestion boxes. Valuation and recognition: Vinamilk can propose valuation
and recognition programs to honor the contributions and achievements of employees. This can include
establishing recognition, award and reward systems, as well as creating a fair and trustworthy work
environment.

Attractive working environment: Promote autonomy, promote individual abilities but always ensure
cohesion and cooperation within the team. In recent years, VNM has actively built a corporate
transformation culture based on 6 principles: Integrity, Responsibility, Excellence, Collaboration,
Creativity and Results Orientation. The spirit of innovation is also considered an important factor by the
company, shown through themes in recent years such as "Courage to change", "Change to growth".
Teamwork and support Vinamilk promotes team spirit and creates a supportive work environment. From
small work groups to larger departments, Vinamilk encourages collaboration, exchanging information and
sharing knowledge to achieve common goals. Diversity and equality Vinamilk values diversity and
fairness in the working environment. They create conditions for employees from different cultures and
genders. of different genders, ages and backgrounds to develop and contribute to the company's success.
Encouragement of creativity Vinamilk creates an environment that encourages creativity and new ideas.
Employees are encouraged to bring give opinions, suggest improvements and participate in the innovation
process to develop products and work processes. Career development Vinamilk provides training and
career development programs to help employees develop talent and professional skills. These programs
may include internal training, management programs and internal promotion opportunities. Technology
and advancement opportunities Vinamilk invests in advanced technology to enhance High performance
and provide advancement opportunities for employees. They provide the tools and resources necessary for
employees to work effectively and achieve personal goals. Mission and core values Vinamilk has a clear
mission and strong core values. Employees have the opportunity to participate in implementing the
mission and contribute to bringing benefits to the community and society. This helps VNM attract and
retain employees with a flexible, ready working environment. change, encourage innovation to keep up
with new trends and thereby create sustainable growth and development for the company. (tuoitre, 2019)

Relationships between the Company's employees are built on respect, support, positive interaction and
personal development, creating a desirable working environment and promoting the success of the entire
Company. company body. VNM creates a positive working environment and employees are regularly
encouraged to work together and share knowledge and experiences. VNM creates favorable conditions for
employees to exchange and cooperate through activities such as seminars, periodic meetings, and group
projects. In addition, VNM also creates conditions for employees to express and develop their personal
abilities. employees through training and development programs. The company offers courses to enhance
skills, share expertise and create opportunities to participate in personal development projects and
activities.

As one of the leading enterprises in Vietnam, VNM is clearly aware of its influence on the community
and the sustainable development of society. VNM also understands that the success of a business will not
simply be the revenue numbers shown in the annual report but also the outstanding and long-term values
that that business builds and brings to the table. for everyone. With the right wishes and practical actions,
VNM is remembered as a "Brand attached to the community". (vinamilk., 2023)

2.3.3 Vinamilk's Growth needs

Employee training and development: Organize in-depth training and development programs to improve
employee capacity and skills. This may include offering internal training courses, participating in external
courses, and establishing a mentoring program to transfer knowledge and experience from experienced
employees to new employees. .Encourage creativity and innovation: Create a working environment that
encourages creativity and innovation. Discover how to encourage employees to come up with new ideas,
participate in research and development projects, and create a reward system to encourage creativity.
Build a positive corporate culture: Push Strengthen a positive corporate culture by creating a comfortable,
supportive and motivating work environment. Develop incentive programs such as performance appraisals
and rewards, respect and recognition of individual achievements, and create opportunities for
advancement and career development. Build a diverse team: Facilitate attraction and develop a staff that is
diverse in terms of skills, experience and backgrounds. Ensure fairness and diversity in the recruitment
process, encouraging the participation of women and employees from ethnic and minority communities.
Build employee community: Create activities and programs program that promotes engagement and
interaction among employees. This may include organizing extracurricular events and activities, building
cross-functional teams, and creating a friendly and collaborative work environment. Promote performance
management: Build systems Managing performance while setting clear goals and providing constructive
feedback. Clearly define expectations, monitor and evaluate individual and team performance, and provide
support and development to improve work performance.

VNM Company has implemented many measures to help employees have opportunities to advance,
develop their careers and improve their knowledge and skills. VNM continuously invests in training and
human resource development. The company has a system of diverse training programs, from short-term
training to long-term training, meeting the learning and development needs of each employee. To ensure
that the company's staff is increasingly skilled and developed, the company itself has recruited excellent
graduates from universities throughout the country and sent them to study abroad. Organize seminars,
workshops, and experience sharing between officials and employees to learn and absorb new knowledge
and experiences. In addition, VNM also supports the cost of sending employees' children abroad to study
dairy technology, automation of technological and production processes, food production machinery and
equipment, management in the dairy industry and return to work. job for the company. (1office, 2023)

In addition, Vinamilk creates conditions for employees to participate in important projects and contribute
their opinions, skills and experiences. This helps employees develop their careers and expand their
network of connections within the company. Vinamilk has a mentoring program in which new employees
are linked with experienced people in the company. This gives new employees the opportunity to learn
from experienced people and receive guidance and support in developing their careers. Vinamilk has
introduced measures and programs to help employees have opportunities to advance, develop their careers
and improve their knowledge and skills. This affirms the company's commitment to facilitating employee
growth and success.

Population growth and increased income Population growth and increased consumer income play an
important role in creating demand growth for Vinamilk. As populations grow and incomes increase,
consumers are likely to spend more on milk and dairy products.Dairy Market DevelopmentA growing and
expanding dairy market provides opportunities growth for Vinamilk. Expanding marketing areas, raising
awareness of the benefits of milk, diversifying products and effective distribution play an important role in
increasing consumer demand. Market segmentation and product diversity Vinamilk can grow by focusing
on different market segments and diversifying products. In addition to traditional fresh milk, Vinamilk can
expand the production of yogurt, condensed milk, powdered milk, dairy products such as buttermilk,
drinking yogurt, ice cream, nut milk, processed milk, and functional dairy products. to meet customers'
diverse needs. Production and supply capacity: To meet growing demand, Vinamilk needs to ensure that
they have production expansion and sufficient supply capacity. Investing in modern manufacturing plants,
improving production technology and supply chain management are important factors to meet growth
needs and maintain competitiveness. International expansion Vinamilk has potential Growth potential
through international expansion and access to foreign markets. International expansion creates
opportunities to reach new customer sources and expand Vinamilk's marketing scope..

3.1 Vroom's process theory

3.1.1 . Introduction to Vroom's model
Vroom's expectancy theory assumes that behavior results from conscious choices among alternatives
with the goal of maximizing pleasure and minimizing pain. Vroom recognizes that employee performance
is based on personal factors such as personality, skills, knowledge, experience and abilities. He argued that
effort, performance, and drive are linked to a person's motivation. The Vroom model assumes that each
individual intends to achieve some goal at work and makes behavioral decisions based on the individual's
assessment of the likelihood of achieving that goal. This model offers three main factors: value,
expectation, and effectiveness.

Expectancy is the belief that increased effort will lead to increased performance i.e. if I work harder then
this will be better. Expectancy is an individual's belief that they can achieve a goal or desired outcome by
performing the required behavior. It involves the individual's assessment of his or her ability and capacity
to perform the job. (kqtkd.duytan.edu., 2022)
 Instrumentality is the belief that if you perform well that a valued outcome will be received. The degree
to which a first level outcome will lead to the second level outcome i.e. if I do a good job, there is
something in it for me.Instrumentality refers to the individual's belief that achieving a goal or desired
outcome will result in appropriate consequences or rewards. It involves individuals' assessments of the
link between outcomes and rewards or consequences. (kqtkd.duytan.edu., 2022)

Valence is the importance that the individual places upon the expected outcome. For the valence to be
positive, the person must prefer attaining the outcome to not attaining it. For example, if someone is
mainly motivated by money, he or she might not value offers of additional time off. The three elements
are important behind choosing one element over another because they are clearly defined:
effortperformance expectancy (E>P expectancy) and performance-outcome expectan.Values refer to the
personal priority and value placed on an outcome or goal. It measures the uptake or value that a goal or
outcome brings to the individual. Chemotherapy can be positive (positive) or negative (negative),
depending on individual assessment. (kqtkd.duytan.edu., 2022)

3.2 Applying Vroom and company's model

3.2.1 Expectancy
Vinamilk Company has taken a number of measures to help employees believe that if they work hard,
they can work very well and accomplish their goals. Vinamilk will prioritize directly recruiting children of
employees who have degrees and are assigned suitable jobs. Besides, employees are also often
promoted,promoted, and considered for higher positions. They provide in-depth training and development
programs to enhance employees' skills and knowledge. This helps them feel more confident in doing their
work and accomplishing their goals. Vinamilk carries out the process of evaluating work performance in a
fair and transparent manner. Employees are evaluated based on their results and contributions, so they can
realize that effort and hard work will lead to good results. Have a positive work environment where
everyone is encouraged and supported to achieve success. Colleagues and support from teammates and
managers help employees believe that their efforts and abilities will be properly recognized and
appreciated.

Sales and profit growth Vinamilk is expected to continue to grow in sales and profits in the future. This
can be achieved through market expansion, increased production capacity, product diversification and
business process improvement. International expansion Vinamilk may have the expectation to expand its
business and access international markets. International expansion creates opportunities to reach new
customers and strengthen the company's international reputation. Research and product development
Vinamilk can expect to invest in research and product development to meet meet the diverse needs of
customers. New and improved products can help Vinamilk maintain competition and attract new
customers. Building a strong brand Vinamilk has the expectation of building and maintaining a strong
brand. A reputable and trustworthy brand can help Vinamilk create trust from customers, increase trust
and expand market share. Environmental protection and sustainability Vinamilk can expect to carry out
profitable business activities. environmental and social responsibility. This includes using sustainable raw
materials, managing waste and water resources, and undertaking social activities that contribute to
community development.

3.2.2 Instrumentality
Vinamilk Company evaluates employee performance fairly and effectively based on a number of available
criteria and methods. Vinamilk will evaluate employee performance and production results based on
criteria such as output, product quality, and efficiency of raw material and resource use. An employee's
individual contribution is based on the ability to work independently, creativity, problem solving
ability,team spirit and work attitude. Vinamilk evaluates the level of achievement of individual and group
goals of employees. This includes evaluating the employee's ability to set goals, plan actions and achieve
desired results, and evaluate employees based on feedback from customers. This includes evaluation of
customer satisfaction, problem-solving abilities, and professional interactions with customers. In addition,
Vinamilk can use the 360-degree evaluation method, in which employees are evaluated by superiors,
colleaguesand subordinates. This helps create a comprehensive view of employee performance and
contributions.

Rewards and performance evaluation: Vinamilk can establish a clear and fair reward and performance
evaluation system. Employees will believe that if they achieve their goals and do a good job, they will
receive appreciation and worthy rewards. Promotion Opportunities Vinamilk can create opportunities for
advancement and career development for staff. Trust in instrumentality will be built if employees feel that
doing well and achieving results will open up opportunities for advancement and advancement within the
company. Training and development Vinamilk can invest in training programs Create and develop to
improve employees' skills and abilities. If employees believe that participating in training and
development courses will provide them with the skills and tools to perform their jobs better and achieve
their goals, instrumentality will be enhanced. Vinamilk can apply attractive bonus and welfare policies to
encourage employees' contributions and achievements. Trust in instrumentality will be built if employees
feel that doing well and achieving goals will lead to reasonable rewards and benefits. It is important that
Vinamilk build an environment that is fair, transparent and create clear links between achievements and
rewards or consequences. This helps build trust and increase instrumentality for employees, thereby
boosting motivation and performance.

3.2.3 Valence
In addition to the working environment, Vinamilk is also honored to be one of the top 5 companies in
terms of company remuneration for employees. It can be said that workers have a lot of concerns, but in
order to retain good people, experts, and retain workers, companies need to have a good remuneration
regime, which Vinamilk has accomplished became very good. All officers and employees working at
Vinamilk are paid health insurance and social insurance by the company according to the law, ensuring
benefits for workers. Employees working at Vinamilk in each position will be fully equipped with labor
equipment and labor protection, to ensure health, occupational safety and hygiene, and ensure adequate
tools and equipment be put to work. Not only that, the company also provides a lot of support for
employees to study and work. One of the remuneration policies that the company offers to employees is
that the company builds many gyms such as yoga rooms, swimming pools, football fields, and
playgrounds for workers working at Vinamilk after the retirement. During stressful and tiring working
hours, you can take a break, relieve work pressure, and exercise to improve your health. Holidays and Tet
bonuses according to state regulations.

Leading the market VNM operates in a growing and potential dairy market, the value of which will
increase. This is because the company has the opportunity to increase digital revenue and profits, attract
customers and generate business benefits. Quality products VNM provides high quality, safe and
nutritious dairy products, which will increase. This is because customers will have trust and satisfaction
with the product, creating a positive image for VNM.Trusted Brand VNM builds and maintains a
trustworthy and reputable brand, Valence will be more. Customers and business partners will trust and
rely on VNM's products and services. Social policies and commitments VNM implements positive social
policies and commitments, such as environmental protection, supporting Community support and work
management, chemotherapy will increase. This is because the company will be seen as socially
responsible and attract support from customers and the community. Career and growth opportunities
VNM provides opportunities for advancement, career development and the public environment If you are
aggressive, chemotherapy will increase. Individuals will feel attracted and motivated to work for a
company where they feel they can develop themselves and achieve success.

Each company will have its own perspective and remuneration regime to attract and retain talent. At
Vinamilk, the same is true for Vinamilk's employee salary perspective, which is also of great concern to
leaders. Vinamilk employees will be based on each person's ability, it is suitable for each position so that
this salary attracts talented people and retains them. According to Vinamilk's data, Vinamilk's salary and
bonus level is highly appreciated compared to the general level, and this bonus level is also increased
everyyear. Not only that, when the company's revenue increases, employees also receive high bonuses.

IV. APPROPRIATE LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT APPROACHES FOR

PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT AND CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT
5.4 Vinamilk's current leadership and management doctrine
Transformational leadership: This is an approach that focuses on change and innovation to take the
company and employees to the next level. Vinamilk can promote transformational leadership by
encouraging employees to participate in the innovation process and creating an environment that
encourages creativity and enterprising. Goal-oriented leadership: Goal-oriented is an important aspect of
leadership. Vinamilk can clearly define goals and create a strategy focused on achieving those goals.
Goal-oriented leadership requires clear definition of goals, assignment of tasks, and tracking of progress to
achieve success. Collaborative leadership: Towards building a collaborative work environment, Vinamilk
can encourage collaborative leadership by creating opportunities for employees to participate in decisions,
share opinions and contribute to decision making process. Collaborative leadership helps build trust,
create commitment, and increase team performance. Inspirational Leadership: Inspirational leadership
entails leading by motivating and inspiring employees. Vinamilk can propose inspirational leadership by
promoting personal growth, effective communication and creating a positive and motivating work
environment.
 Strategic Management: Strategic management theory focuses on developing and implementing
organizational strategy. It places emphasis on analyzing the business environment, identifying goals and
planning to achieve competitive advantage. Identify culture and core values: Vinamilk should identify and
honor culture and values company's core. This helps define goals, make strategic decisions and guide the
actions of the entire organization. Improve product and service quality: Vinamilk is famous for its high
quality dairy products. The company should continue to invest in research and development to improve
the quality of products and services. At the same time, Vinamilk needs to maintain its commitment to food
safety and compliance with international quality standards. Expanding markets and diversifying products:
Vinamilk can consider expanding domestic and foreign markets, by increasing exports and expanding
alliance partners. At the same time, the company can also diversify products to meet customers' needs and
preferences. Innovation and technology: Vinamilk needs to invest in research and technology development
to maintain competitiveness. The company can look to apply advanced technologies such as artificial
intelligence, automation and blockchain to improve performance and supply chain management. Brand
building and customer outreach: Vinamilk should continue Build and develop a strong brand. This
includes building good relationships with customers, building trust and enhancing brand promotion
through marketing and communication activities.

5.5 New proposal for Vinamilk company

To manage performance and drive continuous improvement, I would like to propose an approach that
uses a combination of leadership and management approaches: transformational leadership, transactional
leadership, and scientific management. First, companies that apply transformational leadership can focus
on inspiring and motivating employees to develop their maximum potential. By providing a creative
vision, setting challenging goals, and effectively communicating the organization's values and mission,
Company leaders can encourage employees to think outside the box, foster a sense of belonging and
ownership, and create opportunities for employees to contribute their own ideas. By promoting autonomy
in decision-making and creating a respectful and inclusive work environment, the company empowers
employees to take ownership of their work and contribute to the overall success of the organization. Next,
transactional leadership, when applied to a company, can support transformational leadership by
establishing clear expectations and ensuring that tasks are completed effectively. This style focuses on
setting performance goals, giving feedback, and rewarding employees based on their achievements. The
company will establish performance measures and hold employees accountable. responsibility for meeting
specific goals. This approach emphasizes a fair and transparent reward system that is aligned with
organizational goals and performance. By recognizing and rewarding employee achievements and
contributions, transactional leaders will reinforce a culture of high performance and continuous
improvement. Finally, scientific management principles can be applied to optimize a company's efficiency
and productivity. This approach includes analyzing work processes, identifying the most efficient
methods, and implementing standardized processes. Scientific management emphasizes the use of data,
metrics, and analytics to identify areas for improvement and enhance performance. By systematically
evaluating performance, identifying bottlenecks, and streamlining operations, scientific management
contributes to continuous process improvement and increased efficiency. By leveraging the strengths of
these approaches, organizations can create a dynamic and performance-driven culture that supports
continuous improvement and sustainable success. The combined approach between transformational
leadership, transactional leadership, and scientific management brings many advantages and also certain
disadvantages. Strength: - Transformational leadership: Inspire and motivate employees to develop their
potential, create a positive working environment, and encourage creativity. - Transactional Leadership:
Clearly define goals and performance expectations, promote accountability and fair evaluation. - Scientific
management: Optimize work processes, and use data and metrics to improve performance and
productivity. Weakness: - Transformational leadership: Highly dependent on the leader's appeal, may lack
structure and clarity in setting goals and performance expectations. - Transactional leadership: Focuses
primarily on peripheral motivation and may discourage creativity and collaboration. - Scientific
management: May ignore individual diversity and creativity, which can lead to a rigid and inflexible work
environment.

5.6 Recommendations To Improve Performance Management That Will Ensure Continuous

Improvement

5.6.1 Transformational leadership

Company leaders should provide a clear and inspiring vision to communicate the organization's purpose
and direction. This vision will motivate employees to excel and contribute their best efforts. Set
challenging but achievable goals to motivate employees to reach their full potential and promote
continued growth. Furthermore, leaders should create a work environment that encourages collaboration,
open communication, and respect for diverse perspectives. This inclusive culture fosters a sense of
belonging and ownership, promoting continuous growth and innovation. encourages independent thinking
and grants autonomy at work. This autonomy fosters creativity and ownership, leading to continuous
growth and improvement.

Thiếu definition của 3 cái lý thuyết này, cần nêu rõ định nghĩa và đặc điểm

5.6.2 Transactional leadership

Leaders should establish clear and specific performance expectations, stating desired outcomes and
standards. This clarity helps employees understand what is expected of them and facilitates continuous
development. Provide timely and constructive feedback to employees, recognize company achievements,
and highlight areas for improvement. This feedback helps employees identify their strengths and
weaknesses, helping them continuously develop their skills. Leaders need to implement a fair and
transparent reward system that recognizes and rewards employees' achievements and contributions. This
recognition reinforces a high-performance culture and drives continuous growth. Leadership should
establish key performance indicators (KPIs) and metrics to measure progress and track performance.
Regularly reviewing these metrics allows leaders and employees to identify areas for improvement and
take appropriate actions for continuous growth.

5.6.3 Scientific management

Leaders should analyze work processes to identify inefficiencies, bottlenecks, and areas that need
improvement. This analysis helps optimize workflow and improve productivity. Develop and implement
standardized processes to streamline operations and ensure consistency. Standardization helps reduce
errors, improve efficiency, and support continuous development. Leaders should emphasize the use of
data, metrics, and analytics to measure performance, identify trends, and make data-driven decisions. This
data-driven approach facilitates continuous improvement and development. Encourage employees to
experiment, learn from failures, and share best practices. This culture of continuous learning and
improvement drives innovation and growth. Companies should provide employees with the necessary
resources, tools, and technology to do their jobs effectively. Access to the right resources allows
employees to excel and continuously develop their skills.

5.7 Proposing new appropriate leadership and management theories for the company
Fiedler's “contingency theory” posits that effective leadership depends on the fit between the leader's
leadership style and the characteristics of the leader's business situations. Based on this model, I will
propose a leadership style suitable for my business situation as follows:

Determine the nature of the situation: First, I need to determine the nature of my business situation. This
may include factors such as the level of clearly defined work, the level of personal decision making, the
level of concern for personal relationships, and the level of power of the leader.

Assess current leadership style: Next, I need to assess my current leadership style. Factors to consider
include the degree of concern for personal relationships (authority or care), the degree of individual
decision-making (freedom or guidance), and the degree of job identification (clear or unclear).

Determine the appropriate leadership style: Based on the nature of the situation and my current
leadership style, I can determine the appropriate leadership style. For example: If the situation requires a
high level of individual decision making and a low level of job specification, a "perfect management"
leadership style may be appropriate, in which the leader makes decisions without No need to consult staff.

Adjusting your leadership style: Finally, I think I need to adjust my leadership style to suit the business
situation. This may include changing leadership approaches, interactions with employees and changing
decision-making methods.

Leadership based on inspiration: Leaders in Vinamilk company should focus on inspiring and motivating
employees. Lead by creating conditions for employees to develop and foster their creativity. Inspiration
from leadership can encourage employees to achieve better results and increase company productivity.

Create a motivating working environment: An effective leader in Vinamilk should create a motivating
working environment, encouraging collaboration and creativity. This can be achieved through creating
training and personal development programs, encouraging employees to participate in decision-making
processes, and creating open channels of communication within the company. Appropriate leadership
suitable for personal development: Leaders in Vinamilk should create conditions for employees' personal
development. This can include providing training and learning opportunities, creating clear career
advancement paths, and encouraging employees to engage in meaningful projects and tasks. Respect and
development Employee development: Leaders in Vinamilk should respect and develop employees. This
can be achieved through building a fair work environment, making efforts to understand and meet
employee needs, and building an organizational culture that respects diversity and encourages Personal
development. Long-term orientation and vision: Leaders in Vinamilk should have a long-term vision and
clear direction to motivate employees. This vision should be communicated creatively and motivate
employees to participate in achieving company goals

6.1 Mintzberg's theory of management roles

Henry Mintzberg is a management expert, author and academic. He’s written nearly two dozen books on
management and holds the Cleghorn Professorship of Management Studies at McGill University.
Mintzberg argues that skills are learned through experience and cannot simply be taught in the classroom.
In an interview with CNN, he stated: “You can teach all sorts of things that improve the practice of
management with people who are managers. What you cannot do is teach management to somebody who
is not a manager… you cannot teach surgery to somebody who’s not a surgeon.” Mintzberg recommends
breaking down management roles and responsibilities and organizing the workplace to simplify complex
concepts. This helps streamline companies for efficiency, improves employee engagement and allows
each team member to develop their own skills (hocvienagile, 2023)

Applying Mintzberg's theory to Vinamilk helps leaders clearly understand their roles and tasks in the
company, thereby building an effective working environment and achieving sustainable development.
Leaders in Vinamilk have the role of representing the company in events and communicating with
stakeholders. They represent the company in meetings, events and relations with government agencies,
partners, customers and the community. They need to collect, process and distribute important information
within the organization; Must ensure that information related to company operations is communicated
properly and promptly to employees and stakeholders. At the same time, leaders also need to monitor and
analyze information to make strategic decisions and impact business operations. In addition, leaders in
Vinamilk must make important decisions related to business strategy, work assignment, investment,
product development and risk management. They need to be able to evaluate information, analyze
situations and make the right decisions to ensure the company's sustainable development; Must be able to
motivate and promote employee development. They need to build a positive working environment,
encourage input and create conditions for employees to develop skills and abilities.Leaders must also
show respect and accompany employees in the process of achieving company goals.

VNM's current leadership style can be described as follows: Leaders focus on discipline and process:
VNM Company tends to manage and operate according to clear processes and specific work assignments.
Leadership focuses on compliance with procedures and disciplinary requirements from employees.
Assertive and focused on results: VNM's leaders are often decisive in decision-making and focused on
achieving results. They often set clear goals and apply management measures to ensure they are achieved.
Consideration of the participation of many parties: Company leaders often listen to the opinions and
suggestions of many parties within the company before making important decisions. However, the final
decision is usually made by key leadership.
 To propose a new, more suitable leadership style, the following factors can be considered: Leadership
that promotes creativity and innovation: To cope with rapid changes in the business environment, VNM
can Adopt a leadership style that stimulates creativity and innovation. This can encourage employees to
come up with new ideas, participate in the innovation process, and create added value for the company.
Leadership guides employees and personal development: VNM can enhance jobs that care about
employees and personal development. This may include providing training and development
opportunities, encouraging participation and creativity, and building an encouraging and motivating work
environment. Cohesive and team leadership: VNM can propose a cohesive and team leadership style,
creating a supportive work environment and perfecting the mythical union. This can mean creating good
communication facilities, developing effective teams, and building a fun and trustworthy work
environment. Community-oriented and sustainable leadership: VNM can implement a community-
oriented and sustainable leadership style by offering meaningful social activities and creating value for the
community while providing sustainable business practices. and be socially responsible.

The current management style of Vinamilk company can be described as follows: Management focuses
on performance and discipline: Vinamilk tends to manage according to the traditional model, focusing on
achieving high performance and Complying with company procedures and rules. Management often
applies strict control and checks progress to ensure efficiency and achieve results. Assertiveness and focus
on short-term results: Vinamilk's management is often decisive in making decisions and Focuses on short-
term results. They often set clear goals and require employees to achieve results quickly. Top-down
management: Vinamilk often applies a top-down management model, in which decisions and directives
are made. issued from the top management level and communicated to lower management levels.
Company procedures and rules are often strictly applied.

To propose a new leadership style that is more suitable for VNM, the following factors can be
considered: Engaging and inspirational leadership: To create motivation and commitment from
employees, VNM can propose a new leadership style. leadership that engages and inspires. This can
include creating a productive work environment, encouraging creativity, and providing team spirit.
Leadership guides individual and team development: VNM can focus on supporting Support and
developing individuals and staff. This may include providing training and development opportunities,
encouraging participation and input, and building an environment that encourages and respects diversity.
Leadership that encourages innovation Creativity and innovation: To drive competition and change in the
industry, VNM can deliver creativity and innovation through an encouraging leadership style. This can
encourage employees to come up with new ideas, participate in the innovation process, and create added
value for the company.

V. CONCLUSION
Through research on leadership theories and models, I have found an effective management strategy and
comprehensive motivation for my employees. This has helped me develop a broader understanding of the
impact of leadership style. Besides, it also helps support my work in the field of operations. In addition, to
improve the working efficiency of employees, Vinamilk has also implemented a motivation method
specifically designed for them. This study clearly shows that Vinamilk's current level of success is largely
due to the way it applies performance management. Vinamilk has grown to where it is today thanks to
motivational tactics and the use of effective performance management techniques, and will be even better
in the future if further motivational theories are used to promote employee engagement.

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