Mitsubishi FD70N Part 3 Hydraulic System

CHAPTER 11 HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
Chapter 11 HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

1. Specifications
Item Specifications
Type Gear type tandem pump
Manufacturer Shimadzu Corporation
Gear pump Maker model FD3-5214A1S1-R369
Control flow rate 160/2300 L (607.66 US gal.)/rpm
Drive method Directly coupled to torque converter
Type -
Manufacturer MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES.LTD
Control valve Main relief

19.1 MPa (194.77 kgf/cm²) [2770.23 psi]
pressure
Priority relief Separate type,
pressure 12.3 MPa (125.43 kgf/cm²) [1783.97 psi]
Model Variable
Flow regulator valve
Control flow rate 150 ± 12 L (39.63 ± 3.17 US gal.)/min
Inner diameter 80 mm (3.15 in.)
Simplex mast
Lift cylinder 1500 to 3000 mm
Stroke Mast height 3000 to 6000:
(59.06 to 118.11 in.)
Triplex mast
First lift cylinder 730 to 1090 mm
(28.74 to 42.91 in.)
Triplex mast
Second lift cylinder 1270 to 1915 mm
(50.00 to 75.39 in.)
Tilt cylinder
Stroke 229 mm (9.02 in.)
Working fluid quantity N level: 105 L (27.74 US gal.)
11-1
2. Structure
2.1 Hydraulic Line
2
3 4 2
14
16 15
13
12 11
10
9
8 5
7
6
17 609413
1. Tilt cylinder 10. Emergency valve

2. Lift cylinder 11. Tilt plunger
3. Down safety valve 12. Priority valve
4. Flow regulator valve 13. Main relief valve
5. Hydraulic tank 14. Lift plunger
6. Return filter 15. Relief valve
7. Suction strainer 16. Steering control valve
8. No.1 pump 17. Power cylinder
9. No.2 pump
Note: Also for steering control valve and power cylinder, see Chapter 10 "STEERING SYSTEM".
11-2
2.2 Hydraulic Tank
2
4 3
1
1)
2)
7 5
609410
1. Cap 6. Suction strainer
2. Air breather 7. Return filter
3. Strainer 1) To hydraulic pump
4. Oil level gauge 2) From control valve
5. Drain plug
The hydraulic tank is located in the middle of right side frame, welded to the steel frame structure to form an integrated part.
The return oil from the lift cylinder will be merged to the return oil from the control valve and returns to the hydraulic tank
through the return filter.
11-3
2.3 Gear Pump
19 23 1 6 3 2 5 7 11 8 9 12 11 13 23 21
25 24 17 14, 16 4 6 17 20 15 10 11 18 15
22 18 12
609411
1. Front cover 14. Backup strip
2. Body 15. Backup strip, Gasket
3. Drive gear 16. Gasket
4. Driven gear 17. O-ring
5. Bearing 18. O-ring
6. Side plate 19. Bolt
7. Adapter plate 20. Bolt
8. Body 21. Bolt
9. Drive gear 22. Washer
10. Driven gear 23. Washer
11. Bearing 24. Oil seal
12. Side plate 25. Snapring
13. Rear cover
The gear pump is an outer gear pump which supplies hydraulic oil to activate hydraulic cylinders. In addition, this gear pump
has tandem pump configuration comprising of 1st and 2nd gear pumps.
11-4
2.4 FC Control Valve
4) 2 3 4
2)
1
1)
5)
3)
6
5
609414
1. Inlet section 1) T2: From steering control valve
2. Tilt section 2) P1: From 1st pump
3. Attachment section (option) 3) PF: To steering control valve
4. End cover 4) P2: From 2nd pump
5. Unload solenoid valve 5) T1: To reservoir
6. Main relief valve
11-5
Inlet section
1 5 6
3
2 4
12 11 8
10 9
13
609792
1. Dummy valve 8. One-way orifice
2. PF port (to steering valve) 9. Excess oil passage
3. Spring 10. Priority valve spool
4. Return oil passage (to hydraulic tank) 11. Orifice
5. Pressure reducing valve 12. Spring
6. Pilot oil passage 13. Shutoff valve
7. P port (inlet of pressure oil from hydraulic pump)
11-6
Solenoid section
1 2
3 4
SA1 SB1
7
5
6
609798
1. Solenoid valve (lift up) 5. Passage to hydraulic tank
2. O-ring 6. Hydraulic oil passage
3. Valve set 7. Unload solenoid valve
4. Solenoid valve (lift down)
11-7
Lift valve assembly
1
2
3
4 5
6
7 8
18 14
17 16 13 12 11
15
10 9
609794
1. Relief valve 10. Spring seat
2. Pressure oil chamber 11. Lift lock valve
3. Bleed-off valve 12. Lift spool
4. Hydraulic oil supply passage to lift/tilt/attachment 13. Passage (load pressure open chamber)
circuit 14. Valve
5. Passage to hydraulic tank 15. Passage to hydraulic tank
6. Passage to hydraulic tank 16. Spring
7. Cap 17. Spacer
8. Passage in cap screw 18. Spring force adjusting screw
9. Spring
11-8
Tilt valve assembly
5
4 6 7
3 9
1 2 8
SA2 SB2
17 16 15 14 13 12 11
18 10
609795
1. Cap 10. Solenoid valve (forward tilt)
2. Spring 11. Passage to B2 port
3. Tilt lock valve 12. Tilt spool
4. Passage to hydraulic tank 13. Lift/tilt line oil passage
5. Load check valve 14. Oil passage
6. Passage (load pressure open chamber) 15. Load pressure passage
7. Passage to hydraulic tank 16. Shuttle valve
8. Spring 17. Passage to A2 port
9. Cap 18. Solenoid valve (backward tilt)
11-9
Attachment valve assembly
3 4 5
6
7 8
1 2
SA3 SB3
15 14 13 12 11 10
16 9
609796
1. Cap 8. Cap
2. Spring 9. Solenoid valve
3. Passage to hydraulic tank 10. Passage to B3 port
4. Load check valve 11. Attachment spool
5. Passage (load pressure open chamber) 12. Hydraulic oil supply passage to lift/tilt/attachment
6. Passage to hydraulic tank circuit
7. Spring 13. Oil passage
14. Shuttle valve
15. Passage to A3 port
16. Solenoid valve
11-10
FC control valve hydraulic circuit diagram
1 2 3 4
PF A1 P2 A2B2 A3B3 A4 B4
T1
P1
SA1 SA2 SA3 SA4
SB1
SB2 SB3 SB4
T2
14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5
609797
1. Priority valve 8. Shutoff valve
2. Pressure reducing valve 9. Lift lock valve
3. Bleed-off valve 10. Lift spool
4. Pilot oil passage to solenoid valve 11. Shuttle valve
5. Attachment spool 12. Relief valve
6. Attachment spool 13. Unload solenoid valve
7. Tilt spool 14. Dummy valve
11-11
2.5 Lift Cylinder
Lift cylinder (Simplex mast)
5 3 1 2
6 4 7 8 9 13 12 14 11 10
609904
1. Cylinder tube 8. Back-up ring
2. Piston rod 9. Stopper
3. Cylinder head 10. Piston seal
4. Bushing 11. Bushing
5. U-ring 12. Spacer
6. Wiper ring 13. O-ring
7. O-ring 14. Piston
Two lift cylinders each of which is a single-motion type are installed to the left and right sides of the mast.
For lift cylinders with mast lift height of up to 6000 mm (236.22 in.), the outside diameter of piston rod is 60 mm (2.36 in.), while
for those with mast lift height from 5000 mm (196.85 in.) to 6000 mm (236.22 in.), each of them has a spacer on the piston rod.
11-12
First lift cylinder (Triplex mast)
6 5 9 4 3 8 7 16 2 1 13 12 11 10
15
14
609911
1. Cylinder tube 9. O-ring
2. Piston rod 10. Piston
3. Cylinder head 11. Wear ring
4. U-ring 12. Set screw
5. Back-up ring 13. Spacer
6. Wiper ring 14. Steel ball
7. O-ring 15. Plug
8. Back-up ring 16. Cap
11-13
Second lift cylinder (Triplex mast)
7 6 5 8 4 3 2 1 19 14 15 16 18 9 17 10 11 12 13
609910
1. Cylinder tube 11. U-ring assy
2. Piston rod 12. U-ring holder
3. Holder 13. Stopper
4. Bushing 14. Spring guide
5. Cylinder head 15. Spring
6. U-ring 16. Cushion
7. Wiper ring 17. O-ring
8. O-ring 18. Screw
9. Piston 19. Spacer
10. Piston ring
11-14
2.6 Tilt Cylinder
5 11 3 10 9 8 1 2 7 4 12
6
13 14 1)
609446
1. Cylinder tube 9. Buffer ring
2. Piston rod 10. Packing
3. Guide bushing 11. Dust seal
4. Piston 12. Self locknut
5. Tilt socket 13. Bolt, Spring washer
6. Bushing 14. Spacer, Shims
7. Piston seal 1) Stamped 7L or 7R
8. O-ring
The tilt cylinder is a double motion cylinder which is used to tilt the mast forward or rearward.
The spacer 14 is used when the tilt angle is 6 degrees rearward.
Kind of mast Tilt angle Forward -Rearward Letter stamped on the tilt cylinder
Simplex mast 6° 㸫 12° 7L or 7R
Triplex mast 6° 㸫 6° 7L or 7R
11-15
2.7 Flow Regulator Valve
10
2)
9 8 6 2
1)
11 13 1 3 7 14 4 12 13 5
609416
1. Body 10. Connector
2. Plug 11. Elbow
3. Piston 12. Spring pin
4. Spring 13. O-ring
5. Locknut 14. Snapring
6. Stopper 1) Controlled flow
7. Valve 2) Free flow
8. Disc spring
9. Plate
The flow regulator valve, located between lift cylinder and control valve, is a safety device which prevents the fork from falling
quickly by governing the hydraulic oil flow due to lowering of lift cylinder piston when a load is applied.
Hydraulic line
1
2) 2
1)
5
3 4
609417
1. Lift cylinder 5. Hydraulic tank
2. Flow regulator valve 1) Free flow port
3. Lift valve 2) Controlled flow port
4. Pump
11-16
2.8 Down Safety Valve
3) 3) 3 4 2
1
4) 5)
1) 2)
609418
1. Connector 1) Free flow
2. Valve 2) Controlled flow
3. Spring 3) G(PF)3/4-B
4. Spring pin 4) Numeral "230" is stamped
5) ø12 mm (0.4724 in.)
The down safety valve is a safety valve which blocks the hydraulic circuit, in case the return oil flow rate becomes too large,
because of broken hydraulic line between lift cylinder and flow regulator valve, or an incorrect adjustment of flow regulator
valve, in order to prevent sudden falling of the mast.
+20 +5.28
Flow rate when the circuit is blocked: 230 0 L (60.77 0 US gal.)/min
11-17
2.9 Hydraulic System Diagram
7 8
18
1
2
10
19
20
1112 21
13 22
14 15
1)
2)
3)
4)
16
6 17 23
24 25
3
4 5
609447
1. Lift cylinder (RH) 16. T2
2. Tilt cylinder (RH) 17. Inlet cover
3. Flow regulator valve (Flow priority valve)
4. Down safety valve 18. Return hose
5. Tilt cylinder (LH) 19. Pump delivery hose
6. Lift cylinder (LH) 20. Gear pump
7. Steering valve 21. Breather
8. Power cylinder 22. Cap
9. Relief valve 23. Level gauge
10. Emergency valve 24. Suction strainer
11. T1 25. Return filter
12. End cover 1) Flare joint
13. Attachment 2) Steel pipe
14. Tilt 3) Rubber hose with fitting (HP)
15. Lift 4) Rubber hose (LP)
11-18
3. Removing Gear Pump
3.1 Preparation (#1)
(1) Start the engine, lower the fork to the bottom end, and set the mast to the vertical position.
(2) Stop the engine and remove the remaining pressure in the piping.
(3) Remove the floor plate.
(4) Place suitable containers to catch oil and remove each pipe.
(5) Take appropriate measures to prevent dirt and dust from entering the pipes and connectors.
3.2 Removal Sequence
2
1
6
4
1)
2)
609419
1. Split flange, Bolt, Spring washer 5. Delivery hose, O-ring
2. Delivery hose, O-ring 6. Hydraulic pump
3. Suction elbow, O-ring, Bolt, Washer 1) No.1 pump
4. Split flange, Bolt, Spring washer 2) No.2 pump
3.3 Suggestions for Removal
Suspend the gear pump with a rope before removing the gear pump.
Weight: 19.5 kg (42.99 lb.)
11-19
4. Removing Control Valve
FC control valve
10
9
1
7 2
11 3
5
4 6
609800
1. Tilt pipe, Clamp 7. Hose from T2 port to steering relief valve)
2. Hose (from P2 port to pump) 8. Steering return hose
3. Hose from lift pipe to lift emergency valve 9. Return hose
4. Lift pipe 10. Lift /Tilt Solenoid valve connector
5. Delivery hose 11. Unload solenoid valve connector
6. Hose from PF port to steering relief valve)
Note: The standard control valve is a dual type.
11-20
5. Removing Lift Cylinders
Start the engine, raise the lift bracket to the top end, then turn OFF the engine.
5
4
5
1
3
6
7
8
609420
1. Return hose, Clamp 5. Cushion, Collar, Shims
2. Hose clamp 6. Lift cylinder bracket
3. High-pressure hose 7. Connector
4. Stopper bolt, Shims 8. Elbow, Down safety valve
Removing return hose

Disconnect the right and left lift cylinder return hoses at their connectors.
Note: Never touch the control valve lift lever.
Lowering lift bracket
Carefully push the lift lever of control valve forward to lower the lift bracket.
11-21
Disconnecting high-pressure hoses

Remove the high-pressure hose from the connector at the 1 2
lower part of the lift cylinder. Place a container in position to
catch remaining oil inside the hoses.
Removing stopper bolt
- To lift the inner mast, wrap a cloth around it for
protection, and attach a wire rope winding a full circle
around the mast.
Remove the stopper bolt at the upper section of the
lift cylinder, and lift the inner mast to separate the 609421
cylinder rod ends from the mast.
1. Right cylinder 2. Left cylinder
Note: Shims are inserted at the rod end section of the lift
cylinders. Make a note of the location and number of
shims to ensure proper assembly.
- Place wood blocks under the inner mast that can
withstand the weight of mast, and untie the wire rope.
Removing lift cylinders
Attach a wire rope to the cylinder before removing the
cylinder clamp. Attach a wire rope to the lift cylinder from
the back of the mast, and slowly remove the lift cylinder.
609422
609423
11-22
6. Removing Tilt Cylinders
(1) Start the engine, lower the forks to the bottom end and
set the mast to the full forward tilted position.
(2) Turn OFF the engine.
(3) Attach slings to the eye-bolts at both ends of the top
cross member on the outer mast, and then sling it with
a hoist.
(4) Remove the tilt cylinder pin 1 (See the figure below).
(5) Start the engine and retract the tilt cylinder rod to the
end.
(6) Turn OFF the engine.
609364
1
2
1
3
609448
1. Tilt cylinder pin 3. Tilt cylinder pin
2. Hose 4. Tilt cylinder
Note: The tilt cylinder pin 1 has been removed in the preparation work.
Removing hoses
Place a suitable container in an appropriate position to catch oil that still remains in the hose before removing the hose 2 from
the cylinder connector. Install caps to open connectors to protect the threads and to prevent oil leaks in case the tilt cylinder is
removed.
11-23
7. Disassembling Gear Pump
Note: In principle, disassembly, repair, and assembly of the gear pump must be performed by the manufacturer, except in case
of emergency. In such a case, the pump must be disassembled/repaired/assembled carefully in accordance with the
disassembly procedure. In addition it should be noted that the pump manufacturer never assures the performance of
pump if done so.
7.1 Disassembly Sequence
13
14
22
16 23
21
15 17
18 11
19
20
19
18 9
17
12 5
10
2 4
1 6
7
8
7
6
3
609424
1. Bolt, Washer 13. Bolt, Washer
2. Rear cover 14. Front cover
3. Backup strip, Gasket 15. O-ring
4. Body 16. Body
5. Backup strip, Gasket 17. Backup strip, Gasket
6. Bearing 18. Bearing
7. Side plate 19. Side plate
8. Drive gear 20. Drive gear
9. Driven gear 21. Driven gear
10. Bolt, Washer 22. Snapring
11. Adapter plate 23. Oil seal
12. O-ring
11-24
7.2 Suggestions for Disassembly
(1) Remove the bolts and washers 1, separate remaining parts as gear pump assembly, and then disassemble the assembly in
a step-by-step manner to obtain the parts ranging from rear cover 2 to driven gear 9.
(2) Do not tap parts such as front cover 14, rear cover 2, adapter plate 11 and bearings 6 and 18 with a metal hammer, as
these are made of aluminum alloy and can be easily damaged. Use either a wooden or a plastic hammer.
8. Inspecting and Repairing Gear Pump

(1) Drive and driven gears
- Check gear teeth flank and top faces for wear or
damage.
- Check the side faces of the gears for wear or damage.
- Check the shaft portion for wear or damage.
609425
(2) Check covers, body, and adapter plate for wear and
damage.
609426
(3) Check oil seal, gasket and O-ring for damage, wear, and
loss of flexibility.
609427
11-25
9. Assembling Gear Pump
9.1 Assembly Sequence
* * *
12 1 11 9 7 4 5 7 13 14 2120 18 20 21 24 26
3 2 10 8 6 8 15 16 23 22 19 17 25
* * * * * * *
609428
1. Front cover 14. Adapter plate
2. Oil seal 15. O-ring
3. Snapring 16. Bolt, Washer
4. Body 17. Body
5. Drive gear 18. Drive gear
6. Driven gear 19. Driven gear
7. Side plate 20. Side plate
8. Bearing 21. Bearing
9. Backup strip 22. Backup strip, Gasket
10. Gasket 23. O-ring
11. O-ring 24. Rear cover
12. Bolt, Washer 25. Backup strip, Gasket, O-ring
13. Backup strip, Gasket 26. Bolt, Washer
Note: Parts marked with * are included in the repair kit.
11-26
9.2 Suggestions for Assembly
(1) Replace each part indicated by an asterisk (*) (repair kit part) with a new one when assembling.
(2) Thoroughly degrease the mating surfaces of the cover 1, 14, 24, and bodies 4 and 17.
(3) Apply grease to the oil lip seal.
(4) Be careful not to damage the oil seal lip with a spline edge of drive gear 5.
(5) Bolts must be tightened evenly.
Tightening torque for bolt 12

55.9 to 62.7 N·m (5.70 to 6.39 kgf·m)
[41.2 to 46.2 lbf·ft]

55.9 to 62.7 N·m (5.70 to 6.39 kgf·m)
[41.2 to 46.2 lbf·ft]

38.2 to 43.1 N·m (3.90 to 4.39 kgf·m)
[28.2 to 31.9 lbf·ft]
11-27
10. Disassembling Lift Cylinder
3 *
*
6 2
*
* *
5
1
*
*
*
609900
1. Stopper 4. Piston rod
2. Cylinder head, Wiper ring*, Bushing*, U-ring*, Bushing*, 5. Piston, Bushings*, Piston seal*
O-ring*, Back-up ring*, O-ring* 6. Cylinder tube
3. Spacer
Note:
- The part indicated with an asterisk is included in the seal kit.
- Do not disassemble U-ring, Bushing and Wiper ring, if no abnormalities are found on them.
- Spacer 3 is built in the lift cylinders of 5 m (16.4 ft) or higher masts.
11-28
Stopper removal
Hold the cylinder tube in a vise by using non-slip protective
jaw caps.
Using a pointed tooling, remove the sealing compound
from the stopper hole in the cylinder head.
1) 500618
1) Stopper hole
Using a hook wrench, turn the head slowly in the direction

of the arrow to remove the stopper. 2 3
1
609901
1. Hook wrench 3. Stopper

2. O-ring (inside)
Ref. Special tool

1 Hook wrench 92067-00600
Piston rod removal

Pull out the piston rod as straight as possible from the 1
cylinder tube so the inside surface of the cylinder tube is not
damaged by the spacer (if so equipped) or the bushings.
2
609902
1. Cylinder tube 2. Piston rod
11-29
11. Inspecting and Repairing Lift Cylinder
Cylinder tube
(1) Check the cylinder bore for wear, damage or rust.
(2) Check the welded area for cracks, damage or dent.
Piston rod
(1) Check the piston rod for runout.
Support both ends of the piston rod with V-shaped
blocks, and measure the runout with a dial gauge
applying to the center of rod.
(2) Check the rod surface for rust, damage, scratch marks,
and wear. Replace the rod if significant damage is
found on its threads. 609406
Item Standard Limit

Runout of piston rod 0 mm 1 mm
(measurement) (0 in.) (0.04 in.)
Rings and seals

(1) Check each O-ring, backup ring, U-ring and wiper ring for deterioration due to aging.
(2) Check the piston seal lip for damage or distortion.
3 2 1
609898
Ref. Item Specifications

+0.2 +0.008
1 Inside diameter of cylinder tube Standard 80 0 mm (3.15 0 in.)
-0.06 -0.0024
2 Outside diameter of piston rod Standard 60 -0.13 mm (2.36 -0.0051 in.)
(Mast height 25000 to 6000)
+0.12 +0.0047
Cylinder head bushing inside 60 0 mm (2.56 0 in.)
3 Standard
diameter (Mast height 25000 to 6000)
11-30
12. Assembling Lift Cylinders
5 4 1 3 2
** * *** * **
6
609899
1. Piston rod 5. Cylinder head, O-ring*, Back up ring*, O-ring*,
2. Piston, Bushing*, U-ring*, Piston seal* Bushing*, U-ring*, Wiper ring*
3. Spacer 6. Stopper
4. Cylinder tube
Note: Spacer 3 is used in cylinders with mast lift height of more than 5000 mm (196.85in.).
5 6 1 4 3 2
* * ** **
609912
1. Piston rod 4. Cylinder tube
2. Piston, Set screw 5. Cylinder head, Back-up ring*, O-ring*, O-ring*, U-ring*,
3. Spacer Back-up ring*, Wiper ring*
11-31
7 6 1 5 4 2 3
* * * * *
609913
1. Piston rod 5. Cylinder tube
2. Spring guide, Spring, Cushion rod, O-ring* 6. Holder, Bushing, U-ring*, O-ring*
3. Piston, Screw, Piston ring, U-ring assy*, U-ring holder, 7. Cylinder head, Wiper ring*
Stopper
4. Spacer
(1) Replace each part indicated by an asterisk (*) (seal kit part) with new one, when assembling.
(2) Thoroughly clean all parts before assembly making sure they are completely free from dirt or dust.
(3) When installing the wiper ring, apply LOCTITE 242 to the ring.
(4) Apply hydraulic oil to the bushings, piston seals, spacer, piston rod and the inside surface of cylinder tube.
11-32
13. Disassembling Tilt Cylinder
1) 5
1
*
4
2 * 4
* *
*
* * 3
609449
1. Tilt socket, Bolt, Spring washer 4. Cylinder tube, Bushing
2. Bushing, O-ring*, Dust seal*, Packing*, Buffer ring* 5. Spacer, O-ring*, Shim
3. Piston rod, Piston, Nut, Piston seal* 1) For tilt angle 6 degrees rearward
Note:
- Spacer 5 is for tilt angle 6 degrees rearward.
- Do not remove any bushings from the cylinder tube 4 or Tilt socket 1 unless it is defective.
1) Removing bushing
(1) Wrap the tilt cylinder in a rag and hold it in a vise. Using
the hook wrench 1, remove the bushing.
(2) When removing the bushing from the piston rod, wrap
tape around the threads to avoid damages to the buffer
ring and packing in the bushing.
1
609433
1. Special tool
Ref. Special tool

1 Hook wrench 05312-21250
11-33
14. Inspecting and Repairing Tilt Cylinder
Cylinder tube
(1) Check the cylinder bore for wear, damage, or rust.
(2) Check the welded area for cracks, damage, or dents.
Piston rod
(1) Check the piston rod for distortion.
Support both ends of the piston rod with V-shaped
blocks, and measure the runout with a dial gauge
applying to the center of rod.
(2) Check the rod surface for rust, damage, scratch marks,
and wear.
Replace the rod if significant damage is found on its 609406
threads.
Rings and packings

(1) Check the packing and buffer ring lips for damage or distortion.
(2) Check rings for deterioration.
11-34
4 8 3 6 2 1 7
5
609434

Standard 90 mm (3.54 in.)
1 Inside diameter of cylinder tube
Limit 90.12 mm (3.5480 in.)
-0.025 -0.001
2 [Bushing] piston rod outside diameter Standard 40 mm -0.064 (1.57 -0.0025in.)
0.075 to 0.139 mm
Standard
3 Clearance between rod and bushing (0.0030 to 0.0055 in.)
Limit 0.35 mm (0.0138 in.)
+0.085 +0.0033
Mast side socket bushing inside diameter Standard 40 0 mm (1.57 0 in.)
4
(press-fit condition)
Limit 40.6 mm (1.598 in.)
+0.085 +0.0033
Frame side head bushing inside diameter Standard 40 0 mm (1.57 0 in.)
5
Limit 40.6 mm (1.598 in.)
Guide bushing threads diameter Standard M95 x 2.0 mm (0.079 in.)
6 637 ± 64 N·m
Guide bushing Tightening torque (65.0 ± 6.5 kgf·m)
[470.1 ± 47.2 lbf·ft]
588 ± 29 N·m
7 Piston rod nut Tightening torque (60.0 ± 3.0 kgf·m)
[434.0 ± 21.4 lbf·ft]
262 ± 13 N·m
8 Tilt socket bolt Tightening torque (26.7 ± 1.3 kgf·m)
[193.4 ± 9.6 lbf·ft]
11-35
15. Assembling Tilt Cylinder
1)
* *** * *
4 3 2 1
609435
1. Piston rod, Piston, Nut, Piston seal* 4. Socket, Bushing
2. Cylinder tube, Bushing 1) Stamp position
3. Bushing, Buffer ring*, Packing*, Dust seal*, O-ring*
Note: A part indicated with an asterisk is included in the seal

kit
(1) Replace each part indicated by an asterisk (*) (seal kit

part) with new one when assembling.
(2) Thoroughly clean all parts before assembly making sure
they are completely free from dirt or dust.
(3) Apply a coat of oil to inside surfaces of piston seals, O-
rings, packings, dust seals, and cylinder tube before
assembly.
(4) When holding the cylinder in a vise, be careful not to
distort the cylinder when tightening the vise.
501450
(5) Assembly procedure for piston seal of tilt cylinder

- To install piston seals, lightly compress and release
the piston seal 5 to 6 times by hand to make it soft.
- Secure the piston rod in a vise, making sure not to
cause damage to it, and apply a thin coat of oil to the
piston seal. Fit half of the seal into the piston groove,
and then press the other half into the groove.
(6) Pay attention to the orientation of packings and dust
seals when installing them into bushings.
501451
11-36
16. Disassembling Flow Regulator Valve
9
10
11
12
13
3 2
5
7
8
609436
1. Elbow, O-ring 8. Disc spring
2. Connector, O-ring 9. Snapring
3. Nut 10. Plate
4. Plug, O-ring 11. Valve
5. Spring 12. Piston
6. Pin 13. Body
7. Stopper
Note: Pin 6 through piston 12 are to be disassembled after removing the piston.
11-37
17. Inspecting and Repairing Flow Regulator Valve
(1) Check the spring for settling.
(2) Check contact surfaces between valve and piston for damage, and check sliding surface for flaws.
(3) Check sliding surfaces of piston and valve body for flaws.
Note: If there is damage to any part of it, replace the assembly.
18. Assembling Flow Regulator Valve

To assemble, follow the disassembly sequence in reverse.
19. Disassembling Down Safety Valve

1
3
4
609437
1. Spring pin 3. Spring
2. Valve 4. Connector, O-ring
20. Inspecting Down Safety Valve

(1) Check the valve orifice for clogging and damage.
(2) Check the spring for settling and damage.
(3) Check threaded portions for damage.
Note: If there is damage to any part of it, replace the assembly.
21. Assembling Down Safety Valve

To assemble, follow the disassembly sequence in reverse.
11-38
22. Inspecting and Adjusting Hydraulic System
22.1 Hydraulic Oil
Replace cloudy oil as it may be contaminated with water. Be careful when checking oil immediately after the operation of
hydraulic control lever, as foaming of oil may be mistaken as water in the oil.
22.2 Suction Strainer and Return Filter
Check for damage or clogging, and clean or replace.
22.3 Test Operation of Gear Pump
Test operation is to perform run-in of the pump and make sure of the performance. It is desirable to perform the test operation
on a dedicated test stand, however, since the actual service is impossible, perform the test with the gear pump installed on the
truck as instructed below.
(1) Install an oil pressure gauge which can accommodate

25 MPa (255 kgf/cm²) [3626 psi] to the control valve.
Installing oil pressure gauge: Remove the plug of
delivery hose connector and install the following tools:
Connector: 64309-17733 (R(PT) 1/8 thread)
Hose: 64309-17722
Connector: 64309-17731 (For gauge installation)
Gauge: 64309-17712 (25 MPa)
Note: Parts shown above are included in the 64309-17701
gauge kit.
609438
(2) Place the operating control lever in the NEUTRAL

position and run the engine at 500 to 1000 rpm. In the
neutral condition, the oil pressure gauge must indicate
0.981 MPa (10.003 kgf/cm²) [142.282 psi] or below.
Continue to run the engine in this condition for 10
minutes and check for any abnormal noise coming
from the pump.
(3) Next, run the engine without load at 1500 to 2000 rpm
for 10 minutes.
(4) Loosen the adjusting screw of relief valve under the
condition of Step (3) above and shift the operating
control lever to the active position. Next, adjust the
adjusting screw until the pressure becomes 2.94 MPa 609439
(29.98 kgf/cm²) [426.41 psi], and run the engine for 5
minutes. Then raise the pressure in increments of 1.96
MPa (19.99 kgf/cm²) [284.27 psi] and run the engine for
5 minutes under each pressure until the preset pressure
for relief valve is attained.
(5) During the process of increasing the pressure, pay attention to the oil temperature, pump surface temperature, and listen
for abnormal sound from the pump. If the oil temperature or pump temperature abnormally rises, cancel the load and
lower the temperature to continue the test operation, or disassemble the pump again to inspect the inside.
(6) After above Steps (2) through (5) are completed, adjust the relief valve to the specified set pressure, and make sure that the
operation speed is normal.
11-39
22.4 Control Valve
External oil leak 1)

(1) Check for oil leaks from the joint between adjacent
valve housings sealed with an O-ring.
(2) Check for oil leaks from scraper and O-ring.
(3) Check for oil leaks from threaded connections.
Valve internal oil leak
As it is difficult to perform the oil leak check for the
complete control valve, check the control valve with it 2)
connected to each cylinder as described in Steps (1)
through (3).
501460
Note that measured value is the total amount of leaks from
lift spool, tilt spool, tilt lock valve, and check valves. 1) 3° to 4° 2) Approx. 1 m (1.1 yd)
(Oil temperature for measurement: Approx. 40°C (104°F)
(1) Place a load equal to the rated capacity on the forks,

and lift the forks approximately 1 m (1.1 yd). Never
stand under the load. Tilt the mast about 3 to 4 degrees
forward from the vertical position, and turn OFF the
engine.
(2) Quickly disconnect the oil return hose, and catch the oil
that comes out.
609440
Amount of oil discharged in 15 minutes

380 cc or less
(3) If cylinder drift or the forward tilting of the mast is

excessive even if the total amount of collected oil in 15
minutes is less than the specified value, measure the
internal oil leak of each cylinder. (The measurement is
the Standard, not the limit.)
609441
11-40
Adjusting main relief valve

(1) Install an oil pressure gauge which can accommodate 25 MPa (255 kgf/cm²) [3626 psi] on the control valve.
The gauge, connector, hose, etc. to be used are same as with the gear pump test operation.
(2) Start the engine and increase the engine speed to maximum, and then operate the tilt lever to the rearward position. If the
pressure gauge reading is 19.11 to 19.6 MPa (194.87 to 199.9 kgf/cm²) [2771.68 to 2842.7 psi] when the tilt cylinders reach
to the most rearward position, the main relief valve setting is correct.
(3) If the relief pressure is not satisfactory, loosen the locknut of the relief valve, and adjust the pressure with the adjusting
screw while observing the pressure gauge reading.
Note: The change in pressure by one full turn of the adjusting screw is approximately 17.8 MPa (181.5 kgf/cm²) [2581.7 psi].
(4) While holding the adjusting screw, tighten the locknut to secure the adjusting screw.
(5) After securing the adjusting screw, check the main relief valve set pressure again.
Main relief valve set pressure

+0.5 +5.10 +72.52
19.1 0 MPa (194.77 0 kgf/cm²) [2770.23 0 psi]
11-41
22.5 Adjusting Priority Relief Valve
1) Install an oil pressure gauge which can accommodate 0

- 2.5 MPa to the position shown in the right figure.
609450
(1) Connector: 91268-01700

(2) Connector: 64309-17733 5
(R(PT) 1/8 thread) 4
(3) Hose: 64309-17722
(4) Connector: 64309-17731 3
(For gauge installation)
(5) Gauge: 64309-17712
2
1
Note:
- Tools 2 thru 5 are included in the gauge kit 64309-
17701. 609451
- In ordinary practice, the oil pressure gauge to be used
shall accommodate twice the oil pressure to be
measured, however, in this case, the oil pressure
gauge included in the gauge kit shall be used.
2) Turn the engine ON and increase the engine speed to

the maximum, and then rotate the steering wheel to
the left end. If the pressure gauge reading is 10.78 to
11.27 MPa (109.93 to 114.92 kgf/cm²) [1563.51 to
1634.58 psi] when the steering cylinder reaches its
stroke end, the main relief valve setting is correct.
3) If the relief pressure is not satisfactory, loosen the
locknut of the relief valve of priority valve, and adjust
the pressure with the adjusting screw while observing
the pressure gauge reading.
Note:
1
- The change in pressure by one full turn of the 609452
adjusting screw is approximately 17.74 MPa (180.90
1. Adjusting screw
kgf/cm²) [2572.97 psi].
- The oil pressure adjustment must be completed in a
short time.
4) While holding the adjusting screw, tighten the locknut to secure the adjusting screw.
5) After tightening, check the relief set pressure again.
Priority relief set pressure

12.3 MPa (125.43 kgf/cm²) [1783,97 psi]
11-42
22.6 Adjusting Overload Relief Valve (Option)
1) Install an oil pressure gauge which can accommodate 0 - 25 MPa to the control valve.
Note: The installation equipment and tools are the same as those for main relief valve adjustment.
2) Turn the engine ON and increase the engine speed to maximum, and then operate the attachment lever to the forward or
rearward position. If the oil is relieved when the actuator pressure reaches the limit and the pressure gauge reads the
specified value, the relief valve setting is correct.
3) If the relief pressure is not satisfactory, loosen the

locknut of the relief valve, and adjust the pressure with
the adjusting screw while observing the pressure
gauge reading.
4) While holding the adjusting screw, tighten the locknut
to secure the adjusting screw.
5) After tightening, check the relief set pressure again.
609438
22.7 Adjusting Flow Regulator Valve
Measure the falling speed when the rated load is applied.

If the falling speed is not within the specification, adjust the
speed by loosening the locknut and adjusting the screwed-
in amount of the plug.
609442
Change in falling speed per a half turn of plug

Approx. 17 mm (0.67 in.)/sec
11-43
23. Tests
23.1 Vertical Drift Test
1) Pick up a load equal to the rated capacity, place the

mast to a vertical position, lift the forks about 1 to 1.5 m
(1.1 to 1.64 yd), and turn OFF the engine.
2) Mark a reference line on the mast, and measure the
amount of descent (retraction of the piston rods) for 10
minutes.
609443
Vertical drift amount

Rod retraction stroke (with rated load)
100 mm (3.94 in.)/10 min
23.2 Tilt Drift Test
1) Pick up a load equal to the rated capacity, place the

mast to a vertical position, lift the forks about 50 cm (2.0
in.), and turn OFF the engine.
2) Measure the extension of tilt cylinder for 10 minutes.
609444
Item Specifications
Natural forward tilt
63 mm (2.48 in.)/
Rod extension stroke (with rated
10 min
load)
11-44
24. Troubleshooting
Hydraulic tank
Condition Possible cause Action

Not enough oil Add
Oil viscosity is improper See “14. SERVICE DATA” and replace
Check the working conditions, and if overloaded,
Overloaded due to harsh operating conditions
urge the operator to stay within the load limit
Hydraulic tank heats Line is clogged, which generates a restriction to oil Oil line cleaning
excessively line flow and causes local overheating
Relief valve is improperly adjusted Set pressure adjustment
Gear pump is worn Pump replacement
Clogs due to flattened outlet pipe or tube, etc. Repair or replace
Clogged oil cooler Clean
Shortage of oil due to a natural loss See “14. SERVICE DATA” and refill oil
Cylinders move too
Oil leaks due to damaged oil line, seals, etc. Repair or replace
slow
Oil viscosity is too high See “14. SERVICE DATA” and replace the oil
Gear pump

Inspecting, repairing, or replacing pump and
Gear pump does not suck oil
piping
Check the oil level and contamination
Cylinders move too Oil leaks from hydraulic line
Add or change oil if necessary
slow
Check control valve spools for misalignment
Oil level rises to an abnormal high level
Repair or replace
Gear pump internal leaks Pump replacement
Poor pumping of oil See “14. SERVICE DATA” and refill oil
Cavitation - Check suction pipe for any flat portions or
loose connections. Retighten or replace if
necessary
Pump is too noisy
- Check shaft oil seal for air-tightness. Replace
pump
- Check pump body for any outside
interference, repair
Pressure exceeds the rating Pump replacement
Pump case, drive - Check if return line has been blocked or
gear or pump port Distortion or damage due to external excessively restricted
flange is damaged strain or stress - Check if pipe connection has been
externally strained or stressed
11-45

Oil leaks from oil seal Replace seal
Oil leaks through sliding surfaces of drive shaft Replace pump assembly
Oil leaks from pump Retighten
Bolts that secure the pump are loosened
Replace parts if required
Seal ring inside pump is deteriorated Replace O-ring
Control valve

Valve opening pressure setting is too low Adjust pressure
Wash piston and check if it moves smoothly, or
Slow or no motion Sticking of relief valve/piston
replace relief valve assembly
of lift and tilt
cylinders Outer O-ring on relief valve body is damaged Replace O-ring
Spool stroke is not enough due to control lever
Adjust
looseness
Lift/tilt drift (descent
Control valve spool internal leaks Replace each block assembly
or forward tilt)
Replace O-ring (Check spool for scratches. If
Oil leaks at spool ring cap scratches are found, repair or replace block
assembly)
Oil leaks
Plug loose Tighten plug
O-ring damaged Replace O-ring
Lift and tilt cylinders

Hydraulic tank oil level is too low See “14. SERVICE DATA” and refill oil
Mast will neither Relief valve malfunction
ascend nor tilt
forward or - Main valve jamming - Replace
backward - Valve spring broken - Replace
Gear pump malfunction Replace
Relief valve malfunction
- Reduction in relief set pressure - Adjust pressure
- Plunger or poppet seat defects - Replace
Unable to lift rated - Spring settling - Replace
load
- O-ring in valve case damaged - Replace
Gear pump malfunction Replace
Piston seal worn or damaged Replace
Engine speed too slow Adjust engine
Spool stroke is not enough due to loose control
Lifting speed is too Adjust
lever
slow
Tank strainer is clogged Wash or replace
Gear pump delivery volume is too low Repair or replace
11-46
Lowering speed of Sleeve seized in flow regulator valve Repair

lift cylinder is too Excessive oil flow resistance due to clogged flow Clean, repair hydraulic lines, or replace defective
slow regulator valve, flattened hose, or local clogging hoses
Piston rod deflection Repair or replace
Cylinder vibrates Bleed air by extending cylinder through its full
Air inclusion in hydraulic line
during operation stroke
Hydraulic oil level in the tank is too low Add oil
Scratches on sliding surface of cylinder tube that
Repair or replace
can be felt by finger nail
Too much lift
cylinder drift Sliding surface of cylinder tube badly grooved Replace cylinder assembly
Piston seal damaged or distorted Replace seal
Oil leaks from hydraulic line Repair or replace
Too much tilt Foreign matter is trapped in the packing Replace packing
cylinder drift Piston seal damaged Replace seal
Abnormal distortion or oil leaks from hydraulic line Repair or replace
Lift cylinder or tilt Local severe scoring or rust on inner surface of
Repair or replace
cylinder will drift cylinder
(descend or tilt
forward) at a certain Cylinder distortion Replace
point
Foreign matter trapped between sealing members
Replace
such as oil seals and dust seals
Oil leaks from Inner or outer diameter of oil seal or dust seal
Replace
bushing damaged
O-ring damaged Replace O-ring
Abnormal distortion Repair or replace
11-47
25. Service Data
25.1 Gear Pump
2
1
609445

Fork ascending speed (under rated load)
Standard 440 mm (17.32 in.)/sec
[Simplex mast] (at maximum engine speed)
Fork ascending speed (under no load)
(at maximum engine speed)
Fork descending speed (under rated load)
[Simplex mast] (at maximum engine speed)
Forward tilt angle [standard model with simplex mast] Standard 6°
Backward tilt angle [standard model with simplex mast] Standard 12°
Lift cylinder vertical drift (under rated load)
Standard 100 mm (3.94 in.)/10 min or less
(Retracted length of rod, oil temperature at 40 °C [104°F])
Tilt cylinder forward drift (under rated load) 63 mm (2.48 in.)/
Standard
(Extension length of rod, oil temperature at 40 °C [104°F]) 10 min or less
Discharge rate Standard 160/2300 L (42.27 US gal.)/rpm
Tightening 51 to 63 N·m (5.2 to 6.42 kgf·m)
1 Attaching bolts and nuts
torque [37.62 to 46.47 lbf·ft]
Tightening 37 to 48 N·m (3.8 to 4.9 kgf·m)
2 Delivery hose mounting bolts
torque [27.3 to 35.4 lbf·ft]
11-48
25.2 FC Control Valve
3
7
8 9
6
1 5 2
4
609802

1 Main relief pressure Standard 19.1 MPa (194.77 kgf/cm²) [2770.23 psi]
Separate type,
2 Priority relief pressure Standard
12.3 MPa (125.43 kgf/cm²) [1784.0 psi]
53 to 65 N·m (5.40 to 6.63 kgf·m)
3 Tilt pipe Tightening torque
[39.09 to 47.94 lbf·ft]
53 to 65 N·m (5.40 to 6.63 kgf·m)
4 Tilt pipe connector Tightening torque
[39.09 to 47.94 lbf·ft]
89 to 107 N·m(9.08 to10.91 kgf·m)
5 Lift pipe connector Tightening torque
[65.64 to 78.92 lbf·ft]
132.3 to 161.7 N·m(13.49 to16.49 kgf·m)
6 Return pipe connector Tightening torque
[97.58 to 119.26 lbf·ft]
89 to 107 N·m(9.08 to 10.91 kgf·m)
7 Delivery hose connector Tightening torque
[65.64 to 78.92 lbf·ft]
35 to 43 N·m(3.57 to4.38 kgf·m)
8 Return pipe connector Tightening torque
[25.81 to 31.78 lbf·ft]
Tie bolt 7/16" 44.1 ± 4.4 N·m (4.50 ± 0.45 kgf·m)
9 Tightening torque
1/2"12 [32.53 ± 3.25 lbf·ft]
11-49
25.3 Hydraulic Tank
2 3
609494

44 to 54 N·m (4.49 to 5.51 kgf·m)
1 Return filter Tightening torque
[32.45 to 39.83 lbf·ft]
44 to 54 N·m (4.49 to 5.51 kgf·m)
2 Suction strainer Tightening torque
[32.45 to 39.83 lbf·ft]
176 to 216 N·m (17.9 to 22.03 kgf·m)
3 Drain plug Tightening torque
[129.8 to 159.31 lbf·ft]
25.4 Flow Regulator Valve
609803

Controlled flow rate (without load) Standard 150 ± 12 L (39.6 ± 3.2 US gal.)/min
1 Return pipe Tightening torque 118 N·m (12.0 kgf·m) [87.0 lbf·ft]
11-50
25.5 Lift Cylinder
Lift cylinder (Simplex mast)
3 2 1
609898

+0.2 +0.008
1 Inside diameter of cylinder tube Standard 80 0 mm (3.15 0 in.)
-0.06 -0.0024
2 Outside diameter of piston rod Standard 60 -0.13 mm (2.36 -0.0051 in.)
(Mast height 25000 to 6000)
+0.12 +0.0047
Cylinder head bushing inside 60 0 mm (2.56 0 in.)
3 Standard
diameter (Mast height 25000 to 6000)
3 4
2 1
609914
1 Inside diameter of cylinder tube Standard 140 mm (5.51 in.)
2 Outside diameter of piston rod Standard 120 mm (4.72 in.)
3 Cylinder head Tightening torque 2138 ± 490 N·m (218 ± 50 kgf·m)

[1576.91 ± 361.40 lbf·ft]
4 Plug Tightening torque 4.90 N·m (0.5 kgf·m) [3.61 lbf·ft]
11-51
2 1
609915
1 Inside diameter of cylinder tube Standard 80 mm (3.15 in.)
2 Outside diameter of piston rod Standard 60 mm (2.36 in.)
3 Cylinder head Tightening torque 490 N·m (50 kgf·m) [361.41 lbf·ft]
11-52
25.6 Tilt Cylinder
4 8 3 6 2 1 7
5
609434

Standard 90 mm (3.54 in.)
1 Cylinder tube inside diameter 1
Limit 90.12 mm (3.5480 in.)
[Bushing] -0.025 -0.001
2 Standard 40 -0.064 mm (1.57 -0.0025 in.)
Outside diameter of piston rod
Standard 0.075 to 0.139 mm (0.0030 to 0.0055 in.)
3 Clearance between rod and bushing
Limit 0.35 mm (0.0138 in.)
+0.085 +0.0033
Mast side socket bushing inside diameter Standard 40 0 mm (1.57 0 in.)
4
Limit 40.6 mm (1.598 in.)
+0.085 +0.0033
Frame side head bushing inside diameter Standard 40 0 mm (1.57 0 in.)
5
Limit 40.6 mm (1.598 in.)
Guide bushing threads diameter Standard M95 x 2.0 mm (0.079 in.)
6 637 ± 64 N·m (65.0 ± 6.5 kgf·m)
Guide bushing Tightening torque
[469.8 ± 47.2 lbf·ft]
588 ± 29 N·m (60. 0 ± 3.0 kgf·m)
7 Piston rod nut Tightening torque
[433.7 ± 21.4 lbf·ft]
262 ± 13 N·m (26.72 ± 1.33 kgf·m)
8 Tilt socket bolt Tightening torque
[193.24 ± 9.59 lbf·ft]
11-53

Mitsubishi FD70N Part 3 Hydraulic System

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Mitsubishi FD70N Part 3 Hydraulic System

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CHAPTER 11 HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

Chapter 11 HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

Control valve Main relief

1. Tilt cylinder 10. Emergency valve

Lift valve assembly

Tilt valve assembly

Attachment valve assembly

FC control valve hydraulic circuit diagram

3.2 Removal Sequence

3.3 Suggestions for Removal

Note: The standard control valve is a dual type.

5.2 Removal Sequence

Removing return hose

Disconnecting high-pressure hoses

6.2 Removal Sequence

8. Inspecting and Repairing Gear Pump

Note: Parts marked with * are included in the repair kit.

Tightening torque for bolt 12

Tightening torque for bolt 16

Tightening torque for bolt 26

Using a hook wrench, turn the head slowly in the direction

1. Hook wrench 3. Stopper

Ref. Special tool

Piston rod removal

1. Cylinder tube 2. Piston rod

Item Standard Limit

Rings and seals

Ref. Item Specifications

First lift cylinder (Triplex mast)

12.2 Suggestions for Assembly

13.2 Suggestions for Disassembly

Ref. Special tool

Rings and packings

Ref. Item Specifications

Note: A part indicated with an asterisk is included in the seal

15.2 Suggestions for Assembly

(1) Replace each part indicated by an asterisk (*) (seal kit

(5) Assembly procedure for piston seal of tilt cylinder

Note: If there is damage to any part of it, replace the assembly.

18. Assembling Flow Regulator Valve

19. Disassembling Down Safety Valve

20. Inspecting Down Safety Valve

21. Assembling Down Safety Valve

22.2 Suction Strainer and Return Filter

Check for damage or clogging, and clean or replace.

22.3 Test Operation of Gear Pump

(1) Install an oil pressure gauge which can accommodate

(2) Place the operating control lever in the NEUTRAL

External oil leak 1)

(1) Place a load equal to the rated capacity on the forks,

Amount of oil discharged in 15 minutes

(3) If cylinder drift or the forward tilting of the mast is

Adjusting main relief valve

Main relief valve set pressure

1) Install an oil pressure gauge which can accommodate 0

(1) Connector: 91268-01700

2) Turn the engine ON and increase the engine speed to

Priority relief set pressure

3) If the relief pressure is not satisfactory, loosen the

22.7 Adjusting Flow Regulator Valve

Measure the falling speed when the rated load is applied.

Change in falling speed per a half turn of plug

1) Pick up a load equal to the rated capacity, place the